Physics is a study of matter, energy, and the interaction between them.
Physics can also be described as the science dealing with physical quantities. In this regard, physics is widely considered to be the most fundamental (and important) of all the natural sciences. After all, physics pertains to the quantification of almost all matter that exists in this world. It is any aspect of nature that can be expressed, measured or calculated in specific terms. An appreciation of the world we live in and all its elements that can be observed by the five physical senses could be considered as physics in its most general sense.
Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines and, through its inclusion of astronomy, perhaps the oldest. Over the last two millennia, Physics, chemistry, biology, and certain branches of mathematics were a part of natural philosophy, but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century, these natural sciences emerged as unique research endeavors in their own right. Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms studied by other science and suggest new avenues of research in academic disciplines such as mathematics and philosophy.
Newton, Galileo and Einstein have all been called “Fathers of Modern Physics.” Newton was called this because of his famous law of motion and gravitation, Galileo for his role in the scientific revolution and his contributions on observational astronomy, and Einstein for his groundbreaking theory of relativity.
Here is the list of all Inventions and Inventors of physics according to year
YEAR(A.D) |
INVENTION / THEORY |
INVENTOR |
250 BC |
Archimedes’ principle |
Archimedes |
1514 |
Heliocentrism |
Nicholas Copernicus |
1589 |
Pisa experiment |
Galileo Galilei |
1613 |
Inertia |
Galileo Galilei |
1621 |
Snell’s law |
Willebrord Snellius |
1660 |
Pascal’s Principle |
Blaise Pascal |
1660 |
Hooke’s law |
Robert Hooke |
1687 |
Laws of Motion |
Isaac Newton |
1687 |
Law of Gravitation and calculus |
Issca Newton |
1779 |
Law of Electrostatic Attraction |
Colombus |
1782 |
Conservation of matter |
Lavoisier |
1785 |
Inverse square law for electric charges confirmed |
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb |
1801 |
Wave theory of light |
Thomas Young |
1803 |
Atomic theory of matter |
John Dalton |
1806 |
Kinetic energy |
Thomas Young |
1808 |
Atomic Theory |
John dalton |
1814 |
Wave theory of light , interference |
Fresnel |
1820 |
Evidence for electromagnetic interactions |
Andre-Marie Ampere, Jean-Baptiste Biot & Felix Savart |
1826 |
Photography Conemetal |
J.Neeps |
1827 |
Electrical resistance |
Ohm |
1827 |
Law of Flotation |
Archimedes |
1831 |
Electromagnetic induction |
Michael Faraday |
1832 |
Law of Electrodytic Dissociation |
Michael Farady |
1835 |
Photography on Paper |
W.Fox Tablot |
1838 |
Lines of Force, Fields |
Michael Faraday |
1838 |
Earth’s magnetic field |
Wilhelm Eduard Weber & Carl Friedrich Gauss |
1843 |
Conservation of energy |
Julius Robert von Mayer & William Thomson |
1845 |
Faraday Rotation (light and electromagnetic) |
Michael Faraday |
1847 |
Conservation of energy 2 |
James Prescott Joule & Hermann von Helmholtz |
1851 |
Second law of Thermodynamics |
Rudolf Clausius & William Thomson |
1859 |
Kinetic theory |
James Clerk Maxwell |
1861 |
Black body |
Gustav Kirchhoff |
1863 |
Entropy |
Rudolf Clausius |
1864 |
A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field |
James Clerk Maxwell |
1867 |
Dynamic Theory of Gases |
James Clerk Maxwell |
1867 |
Dynamite |
Alfred Nobel |
1871–89 |
Statistical Mechanics |
Ludwig Boltzmann, Josiah Willard Gibbs |
1887 |
Electromagnetic Waves |
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz |
1888 |
Periodic Table |
Mandeleev |
1890 |
Thermonic Emission |
T.A Edison |
1893 |
Radiation Law |
Wilhelm Wien |
1895 |
X-Rays discovered |
Wilhelm Röntgen |
1896 |
Radioactivity |
Henri Becquerel |
1897 |
Electron discovered |
J. J. Thomson |
1898 |
Radium |
Madam Curi |
1900 |
Formula for Black-Body Radiation |
Max Planck |
1900 |
Quantum Theory |
Max Planck |
1901 |
Wireless Telegram |
G. Marconi |
1904 |
Diode Bulb |
Sir J.S Fleming |
1905 |
Special Relativity |
Albert Einstein |
1905 |
Photo Electric Effect |
Albert Einstein |
1905 |
Brownian Motion |
Albert Einstein |
1906 |
Triode Bulb |
Lee dee Forest |
1911 |
Equivalence Principle |
Albert Einstein |
1911 |
Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus |
Ernest Rutherford |
1911 |
Superconductivity |
Kamerlingh Onnes |
1913 |
Bohr Model of the atom |
Niels Bohr |
1913 |
Atomic Structure |
NailBohr & Rutherford |
1916 |
General Relativity |
Albert Einstein |
1923 |
Stern–Gerlach experiment |
Bohr–Sommerfeld |
1923 |
Matter waves |
Louis de Broglie |
1923 |
Galaxies |
Edwin Hubble |
1925 |
Matrix Mechanics |
Werner Heisenberg |
1926 |
Schrödinger Equation |
Erwin Schrödinger |
1927 |
Big Bang |
Georges Lemaitre |
1927 |
Uncertainty Principle |
Werner Heisenberg |
1928 |
Antimatter predicted |
Paul Dirac |
1928 |
Raman Effects |
C.V Raman |
1929 |
Expansion of the Universe Confirmed |
Edwin Hubble |
1932 |
Antimatter discovered |
Carl David Anderson |
1932 |
Neutron discovered |
James Chadwick |
1937 |
Muon discovered |
Carl David Anderson & Seth Neddermeyer |
1938 |
Superfluidity discovered |
Pyotr Kapitsa |
1938 |
Nuclear Fission discovered |
Otto Hahn |
1942 |
Nuclear reaction |
Anrico Fermi |
1947 |
Pion discovered |
C.F. Powell, Giuseppe Occhialini & César Lattes |
1948 |
Quantum Electrodynamice |
Richard Feynman |
1956 |
Electron neutrino discovered |
Clyde Cowan & Frederick Reines |
1957 |
Parity violation discovered |
Chien-Shiung Wu |
1962 |
Muon neutrino discovered |
Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz & Jack Steinberger |
1967 |
Theory of Weak interaction |
Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam & Steven Weinberg |
1967 |
Pulsars discovered |
Jocelyn Bell |
1974 |
Charmed quark discovered |
Burton Richter |
1975 |
Tau lepton discovered |
Martin Lewis Perl |
1977 |
Bottom quark discovered |
Leon M. Lederman |
1980 |
Quantum Hall effect discovered |
Michael Pepper |
1980 |
Quantum computing |
Richard Feynman |
1981 |
Theory of cosmic inflation |
Alan Guth |
1981 |
Fractional quantum Hall effect discovered |
Daniel Tsui |
1998 |
Accelerating universe discovered |
Saul Perlmutter |
2000 |
Tau neutrino discovered |
Martin Lewis Perl |
2012 |
Higgs Boson discovered |
Higgs boson |
2015 |
Gravitational waves detected |
….. |
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