What are Synthetic Elements (man-made)?

Synthetic elements are unstable Chemical elements and are not naturally found on the earth. These elements are synthesized (made)in the laboratory. They are unstable and radioactive in nature, which means they emit radiation and decay into other elements. Their discovery helped fill the periodic table’s empty gaps, and they were later produced for research purposes.

Synthetic elements were first discovered in 1937. These elements are produced by the process of nuclear fusion. Nuclear reactors or particle accelerators are used to produce these elements. In particle accelerators, particles of two elements are made to collide with each other at a very high speed. The first transuranium element, neptunium, was formed by this process. It took 20 years for scientists to produce the elements from plutonium to lawrencium.

IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), has named almost all the synthetic elements. While some are named after the place where they were discovered (americium and californium ), most of these elements are named after the scientist who discovered them (einsteinium, curium, mendelevium, etc). For naming any element, its existence must be proved by its discoverer

There are 118 elements in the periodic table, out of which 89 are natural elements and the remaining are synthetic elements. Technetium (atomic number 43) was the first synthetic element discovered, that filled the mysterious gap between the elements, Molybdenum (atomic weight 42) and Ruthenium (atomic weight 44) in the periodic table. Promethium (atomic number 61), Astatine (atomic number 85), Francium (atomic number 87), and transuranium elements constitute the synthetic elements. Transuranium elements are those elements whose atomic number is greater than Uranium (atomic weight 92). Here I have listed all the synthetic elements with their Atomic no., Atomic mass, Form, and Invented year.

List of all Synthetic Elements till 2022

SR.No.	ATOMIC No.	SYMBOL	ELEMENT Name	ATOMIC MASS	FORM (States)	Year (A.D)
1.	43.	TC	Technetium	98	All states	1937
2.	61.	PM	Promethium	145	All states	1945
3.	84	PO	Polonium	209	Solid	1893
4.	85.	AT	Astatine	210	Solid	1940
5.	87.	FR	Francium	223	Solid	1939
6.	89.	AC	Actinium	227	All states	1902
7.	91	PA	Protactinium	231	All states	1913
8.	93.	NP	Neptunium	237	All states	1940
9.	94.	PU	Plutonium	244	Solid	1940
10.	95.	AM	Americium	243	All states	1944
11.	96.	CM	Curium	247	All states	1944
12.	97.	BK	Berkelium	247	All states	1949
13.	98.	CF	Californium	251	All states	1950
14.	99.	ES	Einsteinium	252	All states	1952
15.	100.	FM	Fermium	257	All states	1952
16.	101.	MD	Mendelevium	285	All states	1955
17.	102.	NO	Nobelium	259	All states	1966
18.	103.	LR	Lawrencium	262	All states	1961
19.	104.	RF	Rutherfordium	267	Solid	1969
20.	105.	DB	Dubnium	262	All states	1970
21.	106.	SG	Seaborgium	263	All states	1974
22.	107.	BH	Nielsbohrium	262	All states	1981
23.	108.	HS	Hassium	269	Solid	1984
24.	109.	MT	Meitnerium	266	All states	1982
25.	110.	DS	Darmstadtium	281	All states	1994
26.	111.	RG	Rontgenium	272	All states	1994
27.	112.	CN	Copernicium	285	Solid	1996
28.	113.	NH	Nihonium	286	Solid	2004
29.	114.	FL	Flerovium	289	Solid	1999
30.	115.	MC	Moscovium	289	Solid	2003
31.	116.	LV	Livermorium	293	Solid	2000
32.	117	TS	Tennessine	294	Solid	2010
33.	118.	OG	Organesson	294	Gas	2002

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