The Class 11 Physics MCQs – Chapter 2: Units and Measurements series contains a total of 352 multiple-choice questions, divided into 4 parts. This first section offers 100 important MCQs with detailed solutions, strictly based on the NCERT Class 11 Physics syllabus. These questions are excellent for board exam preparation, competitive exams (JEE, NEET, etc.), and concept clarity.
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Correct Answer: Mass
Explanation: In the International System of Units (SI), mass is considered a base quantity. The base unit for mass in the SI system is the kilogram. Volume, speed, and force are derived quantities.
Correct Answer: Ampere
Explanation: The SI unit for measuring electric current is the ampere, which is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI). Volt, coulomb, and ohm are related to electric potential, electric charge, and electrical resistance, respectively.
Correct Answer: Micrometer Screw Gauge
Explanation: A micrometer screw gauge is used to measure very small lengths or thicknesses with high accuracy. It is more precise than a vernier caliper or a ruler and is often used in mechanical engineering and machining applications.
Correct Answer: \( 10^{-9} \) meters
Explanation: One nanometer is equal to \( 10^{-9} \) meters. It is a unit of length commonly used to measure dimensions at the atomic or molecular scale.
Correct Answer: Force
Explanation: The dimension of force in terms of mass (M), length (L), and time (T) is \([M][L][T^{-2}]\). This is derived from Newton’s second law of motion, where force is the product of mass and acceleration.
Correct Answer: Kilogram
Explanation: Kilogram is a base unit in the SI system, representing mass. Newton, joule, and pascal are derived units used to measure force, energy, and pressure, respectively.
Correct Answer: Vernier scale
Explanation: A Vernier caliper functions based on the principle of the Vernier scale, which allows users to measure lengths with higher precision by providing an additional scale for finer readings.
Correct Answer: Steradian
Explanation: The unit used to measure solid angles is the steradian. It is the SI unit for measuring three-dimensional angular spans. Radian is used for planar angles.
Correct Answer: It provides a consistent decimal-based system
Explanation: The main advantage of the metric system is its consistency and use of a decimal-based system, making conversions simpler and more systematic.
Correct Answer: Instrumental error
Explanation: Instrumental error is a type of systematic error caused by inaccuracies in the measuring instrument. Systematic errors consistently cause measurements to deviate in the same direction, unlike random errors, which vary unpredictably.
Correct Answer: To verify the results and theories
Explanation: Measurements are crucial in scientific experiments because they provide quantitative data that can be used to verify the results and validate or refute scientific theories. Accurate measurements ensure the reliability and reproducibility of experiments.
Correct Answer: To allow uniformity and consistency
Explanation: The role of a standard unit of measurement in science is to ensure uniformity and consistency in measurements across different experiments and studies. This standardization allows scientists to compare results accurately and reliably.
Correct Answer: Precision is about consistency; accuracy is about how close measurements are to the true value
Explanation: Precision refers to the consistency of repeated measurements, while accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value. Both are important for reliable scientific data.
Correct Answer: A quantity that is obtained by combining base quantities
Explanation: A derived quantity is obtained by combining base quantities through multiplication or division. Examples include velocity (derived from length and time) and force (derived from mass and acceleration).
Correct Answer: They indicate the precision of a measurement
Explanation: Significant figures in a measurement indicate its precision and help in understanding the reliability of the measured value. They include all the known digits plus one estimated digit.
Correct Answer: An error that consistently occurs in the same direction
Explanation: A systematic error is a consistent, repeatable error associated with faulty equipment or a flawed experiment design. It can often be identified and corrected.
Correct Answer: By using the metric system as a common language
Explanation: The metric system, or International System of Units (SI), acts as a common language in science, facilitating clear and precise communication of measurements and results across the global scientific community.
Correct Answer: To ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurements
Explanation: Calibration is the process of adjusting and standardizing a measurement instrument to ensure its accuracy and reliability. It helps in providing correct and consistent measurements over time.
Correct Answer: Inconsistent and unreliable data
Explanation: Using inaccurate measurements in scientific research leads to inconsistent and unreliable data, which can result in incorrect conclusions and affect the credibility of the research findings.
Correct Answer: To ensure reproducibility and accuracy
Explanation: Multiple measurements in an experiment help in ensuring reproducibility and accuracy. They allow for averaging out random errors and provide a more reliable estimate of the true value.
Correct Answer: Time
Explanation: Time is a fundamental quantity in the SI system with the base unit second (s). Volume, speed, and force are derived quantities, which are expressed in terms of fundamental quantities.
Correct Answer: Mole
Explanation: The SI base unit for the quantity of substance is the mole. One mole represents Avogadro’s number (approximately \(6.022 \times 10^{23}\)) of particles, such as atoms, molecules, or ions.
Correct Answer: Acceleration
Explanation: Acceleration is the derived quantity that has the SI unit of meters per second squared (m/s\(^2\)). Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), force in newtons (N), and momentum in kilogram meters per second (kg·m/s).
Correct Answer: Newton
Explanation: The derived unit for force in the SI system is the newton (N). One newton is the force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass by one meter per second squared.
Correct Answer: Mass, length, and time
Explanation: The derived quantity energy depends on the fundamental quantities of mass, length, and time. The SI unit for energy is the joule, which is defined as one kilogram meter squared per second squared (\(\text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2\)).
Correct Answer: Power
Explanation: Power is a derived quantity in the SI system, with the unit watt (W), which is equivalent to joules per second (J/s). Electric current, temperature, and luminous intensity are fundamental quantities.
Correct Answer: Pascal
Explanation: The SI derived unit for pressure is the pascal (Pa), which is defined as one newton per square meter (\(N/m^2\)). Other units like bar, atmosphere, and torr are non-SI units of pressure.
Correct Answer: Force – Newton
Explanation: Force is a derived quantity, and its corresponding SI unit is the newton (N). Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), volume in cubic meters (m\(^3\)), and time in seconds (s).
Correct Answer: Electric current
Explanation: Electrical resistance is a derived quantity defined as the ratio of voltage to current, with the unit ohm (Ω), which involves the fundamental quantity of electric current.
Correct Answer: They represent combinations of fundamental quantities
Explanation: Derived quantities are significant because they represent combinations of fundamental quantities, allowing scientists to express complex physical concepts and relationships in a standardized manner.
Correct Answer: Mass
Explanation: The kilogram (kg) is the SI base unit for mass, one of the fundamental quantities. Length is measured in meters (m), time in seconds (s), and temperature in kelvin (K).
Correct Answer: Energy
Explanation: Energy is a derived quantity measured in joules (J). Power is measured in watts (W), force in newtons (N), and pressure in pascals (Pa).
Correct Answer: Meter per second
Explanation: Velocity is a derived quantity measured in meters per second (m/s). It describes the rate of change of position with respect to time.
Correct Answer: Joule
Explanation: Work is a derived quantity measured in joules (J). One joule is equivalent to one newton-meter (N·m).
Correct Answer: Time
Explanation: Frequency is a derived quantity that involves the fundamental quantity of time. It is measured in hertz (Hz), which is the reciprocal of time (s^-1).
Correct Answer: Pressure
Explanation: Pressure is a derived quantity measured in pascals (Pa), defined as force per unit area (N/m^2).
Correct Answer: Temperature – Kelvin
Explanation: Temperature is a fundamental quantity with the unit kelvin (K). Electric current is measured in amperes (A), luminous intensity in candelas (cd), and length in meters (m).
Correct Answer: Power
Explanation: Power is defined as the rate of doing work and is measured in watts (W), where one watt equals one joule per second (J/s).
Correct Answer: Coulomb
Explanation: Electric charge is a derived quantity measured in coulombs (C). It represents the quantity of electricity transported in one second by a current of one ampere.
Correct Answer: They are independent and form the basis for all other units
Explanation: Base units in the SI system are independent and form the foundation for all other derived units. They provide a standardized reference for measuring fundamental quantities such as length, mass, time, and electric current.
Correct Answer: Egyptian
Explanation: The ancient Egyptians developed one of the earliest systems of measurement, using body parts like fingers, palms, and cubits for length measurements.
Correct Answer: Babylonians
Explanation: The Babylonians introduced the concept of a standardized system of weights and measures, with units such as the shekel and the mina.
Correct Answer: Chinese
Explanation: The ancient Chinese used a decimal system of measurement, which influenced their units for length, weight, and volume.
Correct Answer: Egyptians
Explanation: The Egyptians developed the cubit, one of the first known units of length based on the length of the arm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger.
Correct Answer: Greeks
Explanation: The Greeks developed a standardized system of coinage, including the drachma, which influenced their early measurements of weight and currency.
Correct Answer: Louis XVI
Explanation: The metric system was introduced during the French Revolution by King Louis XVI of France to establish a uniform system of measurement across the country.
Correct Answer: Antoine Lavoisier
Explanation: Antoine Lavoisier, a French chemist, was instrumental in promoting the adoption of the metric system internationally during the late 18th century.
Correct Answer: 1814
Explanation: The Metric Act of 1814 introduced the metric system in the United Kingdom, though the transition to metrication took place gradually over many decades.
Correct Answer: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM)
Explanation: The Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), located in France, oversees the standardization and adoption of the metric system globally.
Correct Answer: It defined the fundamental units of the metric system
Explanation: The Treaty of the Meter, signed in 1875, defined the fundamental units of the metric system and established the International Prototype Metre as the standard for length measurement internationally.
Correct Answer: To ensure consistency and comparability
Explanation: Standard units ensure that measurements can be consistently compared across different experiments, locations, and times, ensuring reliability in scientific data.
Correct Answer: Difficulty in comparing results
Explanation: Non-standard units can lead to difficulty in comparing results from different experiments or researchers, as there is no universal basis for measurement.
Correct Answer: They reduce trade barriers
Explanation: Standard units facilitate international trade and commerce by providing a common basis for measuring quantities such as weight, volume, and length, thereby reducing trade barriers.
Correct Answer: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM)
Explanation: The Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) is responsible for maintaining and updating the International System of Units (SI) to ensure uniformity and accuracy in measurement standards globally.
Correct Answer: By enabling reproducibility of experimental results
Explanation: Standard units enable scientists to reproduce experimental results accurately across different laboratories and studies, which is crucial for validating scientific theories and advancing knowledge.
Correct Answer: To improve product quality
Explanation: Engineers and manufacturers use standard units to ensure that products meet specifications and can be assembled and used correctly anywhere in the world, thus improving product quality and reliability.
Correct Answer: Healthcare
Explanation: The healthcare sector benefits significantly from the use of standard units to ensure accurate diagnosis, treatment, and medication dosages, which are critical for patient safety and health outcomes.
Correct Answer: By reducing resource consumption
Explanation: Standard units help measure resource consumption accurately, facilitating efforts to reduce waste, conserve energy, and promote sustainable practices in industry and daily life.
Correct Answer: By fostering trust and cooperation
Explanation: Standard units foster trust and cooperation among researchers and nations by providing a common language for sharing data, collaborating on experiments, and advancing scientific knowledge globally.
Correct Answer: To enhance learning outcomes
Explanation: Using standard units in education ensures that students and educators have a common understanding of measurements, which facilitates clear communication and effective teaching. Standard units help in comparing and contrasting data accurately, conducting experiments with consistency, and reducing confusion. This standardization enhances learning outcomes by providing a reliable framework for learning and assessment.
Correct Answer: By ensuring clarity and precision
Explanation: Standard units ensure that scientific literature is clear and precise, facilitating effective communication of experimental methods, results, and conclusions among researchers.
Correct Answer: They facilitate compliance monitoring
Explanation: Standard units facilitate regulatory compliance by providing clear benchmarks for measuring and monitoring adherence to safety, quality, and environmental standards.
Correct Answer: To facilitate global cooperation
Explanation: Universal adoption of standard units promotes global cooperation by establishing a common framework for scientific research, trade, healthcare, and environmental protection across diverse cultures and nations.
Correct Answer: By improving healthcare access
Explanation: Standard units support public health initiatives by ensuring accurate measurement and reporting of health data, facilitating effective disease prevention, treatment, and healthcare planning.
Correct Answer: Aerospace engineering
Explanation: Aerospace engineering relies on standard units to design and manufacture aircraft, spacecraft, and related systems, ensuring safety, reliability, and compliance with international aviation standards.
Correct Answer: By ensuring product quality and quantity
Explanation: Standard units protect consumers by ensuring that products are accurately labeled with standard measurements of quantity, weight, volume, and quality, promoting fair trade practices and consumer rights.
Correct Answer: Sustainable Development Goals
Explanation: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) promote the use of standard units to measure progress toward global targets for poverty reduction, environmental sustainability, health, education, and economic development.
Correct Answer: They ensure compatibility and interoperability
Explanation: Standard units facilitate technological innovations by ensuring that new technologies, products, and systems are compatible, interoperable, and can be integrated seamlessly into existing infrastructure and networks.
Correct Answer: By reducing emergency response times
Explanation: Standard units support disaster preparedness and response efforts by enabling accurate measurement and assessment of disaster impacts, coordinating emergency response activities, and allocating resources effectively.
Correct Answer: To enhance scientific literacy
Explanation: Teaching students about standard units is fundamental to developing their scientific literacy. It helps them understand and apply consistent measurement systems, which is crucial for conducting experiments, interpreting data, and communicating scientific findings. Standard units form the basis for comparing results and verifying experiments, thus fostering a deeper understanding of scientific principles and encouraging critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Correct Answer: System of International Units
Explanation: SI units stand for “Système International d’Unités,” which translates to “System of International Units” in English.
Correct Answer: 7
Explanation: There are 7 base SI units: meter (length), kilogram (mass), second (time), ampere (electric current), kelvin (temperature), mole (amount of substance), and candela (luminous intensity).
Correct Answer: Mole
Explanation: The mole is the SI base unit that measures the amount of a substance. It is used in chemistry to quantify the number of atoms, molecules, or ions in a sample.
Correct Answer: Speed of light
Explanation: The meter is defined in the SI system based on the speed of light in a vacuum, which is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second.
Correct Answer: Ampere
Explanation: The ampere is the SI unit of electric current, defined as the amount of electric charge flowing per unit time through a conductor when a current of one ampere is sustained.
Correct Answer: Candela
Explanation: The candela is the SI unit of luminous intensity, measuring the amount of light emitted in a particular direction.
Correct Answer: Joule
Explanation: The joule is the SI unit of energy and heat. It is defined as the work done or energy transferred when a force of one newton acts over a distance of one meter.
Correct Answer: Volt
Explanation: The volt is the SI unit of electric potential difference or electromotive force, measuring the potential difference between two points in a circuit.
Correct Answer: Mole
Explanation: The mole is the SI unit used to measure the amount of substance in a given mass. It provides a way to count atoms or molecules by expressing their amount.
Correct Answer: Lumen
Explanation: The lumen is the SI unit of luminous flux, measuring the total quantity of visible light emitted by a source per unit of time.
Correct Answer: Decibel
Explanation: The decibel (dB) is a unit used to measure the intensity of a sound wave or the amplitude of a signal relative to a reference level.
Correct Answer: Coulomb
Explanation: The coulomb (C) is the SI base unit of electric charge, representing the amount of electric charge carried by a constant current of one ampere in one second.
Correct Answer: Mole
Explanation: The mole (mol) is the SI base unit for measuring the amount of substance, defined as the amount of substance that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilograms of carbon-12.
Correct Answer: Kelvin
Explanation: The kelvin (K) is the SI base unit for measuring temperature, defined based on the triple point of water (273.16 K).
Correct Answer: Ampere
Explanation: The ampere (A) is the SI base unit that measures the intensity of an electric current, defined as the flow of electric charge per unit time.
Correct Answer: Candela
Explanation: The candela (cd) is the SI base unit for measuring the luminous intensity of light emitted in a particular direction.
Correct Answer: Second
Explanation: The second (s) is the SI base unit that measures the time taken by an event, defined as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of cesium-133 atom.
Correct Answer: Meter
Explanation: The meter (m) is the SI base unit for measuring the length of an object, defined as the distance traveled by light in vacuum in 1/299,792,458 seconds.
Correct Answer: Candela
Explanation: The candela (cd) is the SI base unit for measuring the amount of light emitted in a particular direction by a source.
Correct Answer: Kilogram
Explanation: The kilogram (kg) is the SI base unit for measuring the mass of an object, defined as the mass of the International Prototype of the Kilogram, a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in France.
Correct Answer: Milli-
Explanation: Milli- is the SI prefix that represents \(10^{-3}\), meaning one-thousandth of a unit.
Correct Answer: \(10^{-2}\)
Explanation: Centi- is the SI prefix that represents \(10^{-2}\), meaning one-hundredth of a unit.
Correct Answer: Mega-
Explanation: Mega- is the SI prefix that denotes \(10^{6}\), meaning one million of a unit.
Correct Answer: \(10^{-6}\)
Explanation: Micro- is the SI prefix that represents \(10^{-6}\), meaning one millionth of a unit.
Correct Answer: Nano-
Explanation: Nano- is the SI prefix that signifies \(10^{-9}\), meaning one billionth of a unit.
Correct Answer: \(10^{9}\)
Explanation: Giga- is the SI prefix that represents \(10^{9}\), meaning one billion of a unit.
Correct Answer: Pico-
Explanation: Pico- is the SI prefix that denotes \(10^{-12}\), meaning one trillionth of a unit.
Correct Answer: \(10^{12}\)
Explanation: Tera- is the SI prefix that represents \(10^{12}\), meaning one trillion of a unit.
Correct Answer: Femto-
Explanation: Femto- is the SI prefix that signifies \(10^{-15}\), meaning one quadrillionth of a unit.
Correct Answer: \(10^{3}\)
Explanation: Kilo- is the SI prefix that represents \(10^{3}\), meaning one thousand of a unit.
FAQs On Units and Measurements MCQS▼
▸ What are Units and Measurements MCQs in Class 11 Physics?
These are multiple-choice questions from Chapter 2 of NCERT Class 11 Physics – Units and Measurements. They test understanding of physical quantities, SI units, measurement errors, significant figures, and dimensional analysis.
▸ How many MCQs are available in this chapter?
There are a total of 352 MCQs from Units and Measurements. They are divided into 4 sets – three sets of 100 questions each and one set of 52 questions.
▸ Are these MCQs useful for NCERT and CBSE board exams?
Yes, these MCQs are based on the NCERT/CBSE Class 11 Physics syllabus and are very useful for board exams, improving conceptual clarity and accuracy in problem-solving.
▸ Are these Units and Measurements MCQs important for JEE and NEET?
Yes, this chapter is important for both JEE and NEET. Questions on dimensional analysis, units, and measurement errors are frequently asked in these competitive exams.
▸ Do these MCQs include correct answers and explanations?
Yes, every MCQ is provided with the correct answer along with explanations wherever needed. This helps students understand the reasoning and concepts clearly.
▸ Who should practice Units and Measurements MCQs?
These MCQs are designed for Class 11 students, CBSE/NCERT learners, and aspirants of JEE, NEET, NDA, UPSC, and other competitive exams that include Physics.
▸ Can I practice these Physics MCQs online for free?
Yes, all Units and Measurements MCQs on GK Aim are available online for free. They can be practiced anytime using desktop, tablet, or mobile.
▸ Are these MCQs helpful for quick revision before exams?
Yes, solving these MCQs regularly helps with quick revision, strengthens memory recall, and improves exam performance by enhancing speed and accuracy.
▸ Do these MCQs cover both basic and advanced concepts?
Yes, the MCQs range from basic factual questions to advanced application-based problems, covering significant figures, dimensional equations, and error analysis.
▸ Why are the 352 MCQs divided into 4 parts?
The MCQs are divided into 4 sets to make practice more organized and manageable, allowing students to learn step by step without feeling overloaded.
▸ Can teachers and coaching institutes use these MCQs?
Yes, teachers and coaching centers can use these MCQs as ready-made assignments, quizzes, and practice material for students preparing for board and entrance exams.
▸ Are these MCQs mobile-friendly?
Yes, the Units and Measurements MCQs pages are fully optimized for smartphones and tablets, so students can study anytime, anywhere.
▸ Can I download or save Units and Measurements MCQs for offline study?
Yes, you can download these Units and Measurements MCQs in PDF format for offline study. Please visit our website shop.gkaim.com