101. In the human ovary, follicles at different stages of development are mainly located in the
ⓐ. cervix
ⓑ. medulla
ⓒ. oviduct
ⓓ. cortex
Correct Answer: cortex
Explanation: The ovarian cortex is the outer region of the ovary and contains follicles in various stages of development. These follicles house the developing female germ cells. The medulla lies more internally and is not the main follicle-bearing region. This cortical location is a key structural feature of the ovary.
102. Which statement best explains why the ovary is called the primary female sex organ?
ⓐ. It receives the embryo after implantation
ⓑ. It forms the birth canal during parturition
ⓒ. It produces female gametes and also secretes female sex hormones
ⓓ. It provides the usual site for fertilisation
Correct Answer: It produces female gametes and also secretes female sex hormones
Explanation: A primary sex organ is one that produces gametes, and in humans the ovary performs that role in females. It also functions as an endocrine organ by secreting female sex hormones. This dual role makes it comparable to the testis in males. Structures such as uterus and vagina are important, but they are not primary sex organs.
103. Which sequence correctly shows the maturation order of ovarian follicles?
ⓐ. Graafian follicle → tertiary follicle → primary follicle → primordial follicle
ⓑ. Primordial follicle → primary follicle → secondary follicle → tertiary follicle → Graafian follicle
ⓒ. Secondary follicle → primordial follicle → Graafian follicle → primary follicle
ⓓ. Primary follicle → tertiary follicle → primordial follicle → Graafian follicle
Correct Answer: Primordial follicle → primary follicle → secondary follicle → tertiary follicle → Graafian follicle
Explanation: Follicular development in the ovary proceeds through a definite sequence. The earliest stage is the primordial follicle, which develops into the primary, then secondary, then tertiary follicle, and finally the mature Graafian follicle. Learning this order is important for understanding oogenesis and ovulation. Reversing or mixing the stages leads to common errors.
104. Which feature is characteristic of a tertiary follicle in the human ovary?
ⓐ. Presence of seminiferous tubules
ⓑ. Absence of any follicular cavity
ⓒ. Replacement of the oocyte by a zygote
ⓓ. Development of a fluid-filled antrum
Correct Answer: Development of a fluid-filled antrum
Explanation: A tertiary follicle is recognized by the appearance of a follicular cavity called the antrum. This marks a more advanced stage of follicular development. Earlier stages do not show this prominent cavity. The presence of the antrum helps distinguish tertiary follicles from primary and early secondary follicles.
105. Which ovarian follicle is usually the mature follicle just before ovulation?
ⓐ. Graafian follicle
ⓑ. Primordial follicle
ⓒ. Primary follicle
ⓓ. Secondary follicle
Correct Answer: Graafian follicle
Explanation: The Graafian follicle represents the mature stage of follicular development in the ovary. It is the follicle that reaches full development before rupture during ovulation. Earlier follicles are still immature and not yet ready for ovulatory release. This mature status makes the Graafian follicle especially important in questions on ovulation.
106. The oocyte present in an ovarian follicle is surrounded by
ⓐ. adipose tissue only
ⓑ. follicular cells
ⓒ. smooth muscle fibres
ⓓ. chorionic villi
Correct Answer: follicular cells
Explanation: In the ovary, the developing oocyte is enclosed by follicular cells that support its development. These surrounding cells are part of the follicle and change along with follicular maturation. They are not muscle fibres or extraembryonic structures. The oocyte-follicle relationship is therefore a central feature of ovarian organization.
107. Which statement correctly compares the cortex and medulla of the human ovary?
ⓐ. Cortex is the inner region, while medulla is the outer region
ⓑ. Cortex contains uterine glands, while medulla contains endometrium
ⓒ. Cortex mainly bears follicles, while medulla lies more internally
ⓓ. Cortex is absent, while medulla forms the whole ovary
Correct Answer: Cortex mainly bears follicles, while medulla lies more internally
Explanation: The ovary has an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The cortex contains stromal tissue and developing follicles, whereas the medulla occupies the more central region. This arrangement is important because follicular development is associated mainly with the cortical part. Confusing the two regions leads to incorrect mapping of ovarian structure.
108. Which of the following is the earliest stage in the follicular development sequence?
ⓐ. Tertiary follicle
ⓑ. Graafian follicle
ⓒ. Secondary follicle
ⓓ. Primordial follicle
Correct Answer: Primordial follicle
Explanation: The primordial follicle is the earliest recognizable stage in the follicular series of the ovary. It later develops into more advanced stages such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles. This stage marks the beginning of follicular progression. Identifying the earliest stage helps in sequence-based questions.
109. A section of ovary shows many follicles of different sizes embedded in stromal tissue. This observation most strongly indicates the
ⓐ. cervical canal
ⓑ. medullary region
ⓒ. cortical region
ⓓ. uterine cavity
Correct Answer: cortical region
Explanation: Follicles at different developmental stages are a hallmark of the ovarian cortex. They are embedded in stromal tissue and vary in size depending on their stage of maturation. The medulla is more internal and does not mainly contain these follicles. The observation in the question therefore points to the cortical region.
110. Assertion: Human ovaries contain follicles in different developmental stages. Reason: The ovary functions only as a storage sac and does not participate in gamete development.
ⓐ. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
ⓑ. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
ⓒ. Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
ⓓ. Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.
Correct Answer: Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
Explanation: The assertion is correct because human ovaries do contain follicles in various stages of development. This reflects the process of maturation associated with the female germ cell. The reason is false because the ovary is not merely a storage sac; it is an active reproductive and endocrine organ. It participates directly in gamete development and hormone secretion.
111. Which stage comes immediately after the primary follicle in the usual sequence of follicular development in the human ovary?
ⓐ. Secondary follicle
ⓑ. Graafian follicle
ⓒ. Tertiary follicle
ⓓ. Corpus luteum
Correct Answer: Secondary follicle
Explanation: Follicular development follows a definite order from simpler to more advanced stages. After the primary follicle, the next stage is the secondary follicle. This is followed later by the tertiary follicle and then the mature Graafian follicle. Knowing the immediate successor helps avoid confusion in sequence-based questions.
112. Which stage comes immediately before the mature Graafian follicle?
ⓐ. Primordial follicle
ⓑ. Tertiary follicle
ⓒ. Primary follicle
ⓓ. Secondary follicle
Correct Answer: Tertiary follicle
Explanation: The tertiary follicle is the advanced stage that precedes the fully mature Graafian follicle. One important feature of the tertiary follicle is the appearance of the antrum. Continued maturation transforms it into the Graafian follicle. This makes the tertiary stage the direct precursor of the mature follicle.
113. In the normal sequence of ovarian follicle development, the order of secondary and tertiary follicles is
ⓐ. tertiary follicle before secondary follicle
ⓑ. both appear at the same stage
ⓒ. secondary follicle before tertiary follicle
ⓓ. secondary follicle after Graafian follicle
Correct Answer: secondary follicle before tertiary follicle
Explanation: The secondary follicle is an earlier stage than the tertiary follicle. As development progresses, the follicle becomes more complex and later shows the characteristic antrum of the tertiary stage. The Graafian follicle is still later and represents the mature state. So the secondary stage clearly precedes the tertiary stage.
114. Which statement about the Graafian follicle is correct?
ⓐ. It is the earliest follicular stage in the ovary
ⓑ. It lacks any association with an oocyte
ⓒ. It is the stage found only after implantation
ⓓ. It is the mature follicle present before ovulation
Correct Answer: It is the mature follicle present before ovulation
Explanation: The Graafian follicle is the final mature stage of follicular development before ovulation. It contains the oocyte and is ready to rupture for its release. Earlier stages such as primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles are immature compared with it. This is why the Graafian follicle is closely linked with ovulation.
115. Which statement correctly describes the relationship between an oocyte and an ovarian follicle?
ⓐ. The oocyte is found only in the uterus after fertilisation
ⓑ. The oocyte lies freely in the medulla without any supporting cells
ⓒ. The oocyte is enclosed within the follicle and surrounded by follicular cells
ⓓ. The oocyte develops outside the ovary and later enters the follicle
Correct Answer: The oocyte is enclosed within the follicle and surrounded by follicular cells
Explanation: A follicle is not just an empty structure in the ovary. It contains the developing oocyte and the surrounding follicular cells that support its growth. This close structural association is maintained through different follicular stages. The follicle is therefore the immediate developmental environment of the oocyte.
116. Which feature best identifies a follicle that has entered an advanced stage before becoming a Graafian follicle?
ⓐ. Absence of any surrounding cells
ⓑ. Development of an antrum
ⓒ. Presence of a blastocyst
ⓓ. Conversion into placenta
Correct Answer: Development of an antrum
Explanation: The appearance of the antrum is a key sign that the follicle has reached the tertiary stage. This places it in an advanced position in the maturation sequence, though it is still not the final Graafian stage. The other options belong to completely different reproductive events. So the antrum is the most useful identifying feature here.
117. Which option correctly arranges the first three stages of follicular development in ascending order?
ⓐ. Primary follicle → primordial follicle → secondary follicle
ⓑ. Primordial follicle → primary follicle → secondary follicle
ⓒ. Secondary follicle → primary follicle → primordial follicle
ⓓ. Primary follicle → secondary follicle → primordial follicle
Correct Answer: Primordial follicle → primary follicle → secondary follicle
Explanation: Follicular development begins with the primordial follicle, which is the earliest stage. It then develops into the primary follicle and later into the secondary follicle. More advanced stages appear afterward. This ordered progression is essential for understanding maturation in the ovary.
118. Which statement is incorrect about ovarian follicles?
ⓐ. They occur in different developmental stages in the ovary
ⓑ. The mature follicle is known as the Graafian follicle
ⓒ. Follicular development includes a stage with an antrum
ⓓ. Follicles are found mainly in the medulla as hollow ducts
Correct Answer: Follicles are found mainly in the medulla as hollow ducts
Explanation: Ovarian follicles are mainly present in the cortex, not in the medulla. They are developmental structures associated with the oocyte, not simple hollow ducts. The Graafian follicle is the mature stage, and the tertiary follicle shows an antrum. So the incorrect statement is the one placing follicles mainly in the medulla as ducts.
119. A developing ovarian structure contains an oocyte, surrounding follicular cells, and a prominent antrum, but it has not yet reached full maturity. This structure is most likely a
ⓐ. primary follicle
ⓑ. secondary follicle
ⓒ. tertiary follicle
ⓓ. primordial follicle
Correct Answer: tertiary follicle
Explanation: The presence of an antrum is the strongest clue that the follicle is at the tertiary stage. Since the question says it is not yet fully mature, it is not the Graafian follicle. Primary and primordial follicles are earlier stages and do not show this advanced feature. The description therefore matches a tertiary follicle.
120. Assertion: The human ovary contains follicles in different stages of maturation. Reason: Follicular development in the ovary proceeds through an ordered sequence from primordial to Graafian stage.
ⓐ. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
ⓑ. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
ⓒ. Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
ⓓ. Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.
Correct Answer: Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
Explanation: The assertion is correct because the ovary does contain follicles at different stages of development. The reason is also true, since follicular maturation follows a sequence from primordial to primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian stages. Because different follicles may be present at different points in this sequence, the ovary shows multiple developmental stages at the same time. The reason therefore directly explains the assertion.
