Morphology of Flowering Plants Mock Test – Class 11 Biology

1. Match each floral-formula symbol with the structure it represents. Each Column II entry is used once.

2. A mark is placed on the terminal meristem of a young inflorescence. During development, the marked tissue becomes the first flower, and no additional main-axis tissue appears beyond it. Later flowers arise below the mark. The observation supports:

3. A slender coiling structure occurs at the position of an axillary bud, while the foliage leaf at that node remains unmodified. The structure wraps around a support and raises the shoot. It is best identified as:

4. After leaves fall, Stem P shows one leaf scar at each node, Stem Q shows two scars directly opposite each other at every node, and Stem R shows four scars at the same level around each node. Their former phyllotaxy was:

5. Three floral arrangements are compared below.

The correct identities are:

6. The following statements concern floral merosity.
I. Trimerous flowers bear floral members in multiples of .
II. Floral merosity can be described independently of floral symmetry.
III. A pentamerous flower must have exactly members in every whorl.
IV. Counts of sepals, petals, stamens and carpels can provide evidence of merosity.

7. Four specimens show the following features.

Which specimen is most consistent with Fabaceae?

8. An unknown one-seeded fruit develops from a monocarpellary superior ovary. Its outer layer is thin, its middle layer is thick, and its innermost fruit-wall layer forms a hard covering around the seed. The fruit is best classified as:

9. The following statements concern the vegetative morphology of Poaceae.
I. The root system is generally fibrous.
II. The stem or culm has distinct solid nodes and commonly hollow internodes.
III. Leaves usually possess sheathing bases and parallel venation.
IV. Every internode is solid and swollen like a storage corm.

10. Arrange the following sections of a semi-technical plant description in the correct order.
P. Inflorescence
Q. Root
R. Fruit and seed
S. Habit
T. Stem and leaves
U. Flower and its whorls

11. Which term completes the relation ?

12. Developing axillary buds are removed from selected nodes of a young Citrus plant, while comparable buds at other nodes remain intact. Leaves are not removed. Sharp structures later fail to develop at the treated nodes. The strongest inference is:

13. In a leaf blade, Structure P is the prominent median vein, Q and S are larger branches extending from it, and R consists of their finest subdivisions. P and R are respectively:

14. A floral record gives the formula but labels the flower as unisexual. Which correction is required?

15. A dissection reveals the following organisation. The thalamus grows around the ovary and fuses with its wall. Sepals, petals and stamens appear to arise above the ovary. This flower is:

16. The filament relationships in four flowers are shown below.

The correct classification is:

17. A treatment prevents filaments from elongating, but anther development and pollen formation remain normal. The most immediate effect is likely to be:

18. Use the grass-leaf arrangement described below. Region P wraps around the culm. Region Q is a small membranous outgrowth where P ends and the narrow Blade R begins. The veins of R run mainly side by side. Q is:

19. A stem has nodes with alternate phyllotaxy, another has nodes with opposite phyllotaxy, and a third has nodes bearing leaves per whorl. Assuming no leaves are lost, the total number of leaves is:

20. A plant growing in waterlogged soil produces roots that project upward above the muddy surface. If the soil becomes severely oxygen-poor, these roots are advantageous mainly because they:

21. A floral bud initially contains four separate carpel primordia. In Group P, the primordia remain separate during development. In Group Q, their margins unite and form one compound gynoecium. Which inference is best supported?

22. Four structures are described.
P. An upward-growing root in waterlogged soil bears openings that permit atmospheric gas exchange.
Q. A horizontal underground axis bears nodes, scale leaves and buds and survives unfavourable seasons.
R. A flattened green petiole replaces a greatly reduced lamina.
S. A mature ovary encloses structures formed from its former ovules.
The correct identification is:

23. A specimen has a zygomorphic papilionaceous corolla, ten stamens arranged as , and a superior monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentation. Its record lists the mature product as a berry containing many endospermous seeds. Which correction is required?

24. A leguminous plant has a conspicuously swollen, joint-like region where the petiole meets the stem. This specialised leaf-base structure is a:

25. A plant possesses a persistent primary root with numerous nodules. Its leaves are compound, stipulate and attached through swollen pulvini. Which additional observation would most strongly support Fabaceae identification?

26. Mango and coconut fruits are compared below.

The strongest conclusion is:

27. Flower P has distinct petals, and the stamens arise attached to their inner surfaces. Flower Q has an undifferentiated perianth, and the stamens are attached to its members. P and Q are respectively:

28. Which combination correctly describes the gynoecium, fruit and seeds of Solanaceae?

29. Roots arising from lower stem nodes of a maize plant normally provide additional support. A mutation prevents them from becoming thick and mechanically effective, but they still originate from the same stem nodes. They should be described as:

30. The middle layer of the developing ovary wall is permanently marked in mango and coconut. At maturity, the marker occurs in mango pulp and in the fibrous coconut husk. Which conclusion follows?

31. Arrange the differentiated layers of a thick fleshy pericarp from the fruit surface toward the seed.
P. Endocarp
Q. Epicarp
R. Mesocarp

32. In a longitudinal view of a root tip, Region P covers the extreme apex, Region Q contains small actively dividing cells, Region R contains rapidly lengthening cells, and Region S bears numerous delicate root hairs. Region S is identified as:

33. A cup-shaped floral base surrounds an ovary, and sepals, petals and stamens arise from the cup rim. Which additional observation is most decisive for distinguishing perigyny from epigyny?

34. Match each Brassicaceae member or feature with its correct association. Each Column II entry is used once.

35. A flower has two outer appendage whorls that are similar in colour and form, so sepals cannot be clearly distinguished from petals. As in lily, the collective outer floral covering is termed:

36. Assertion: Androecium and gynoecium are called reproductive floral whorls.
Reason: They contain structures directly associated with male and female reproductive functions.

37. Match each reproductive structure of Poaceae with its most appropriate feature. Each Column II entry is used once.

38. In a cucumber flower, a developmental alteration prevents thalamic enclosure of the ovary and shifts the calyx, corolla and androecium to positions below it. Assuming all floral whorls remain present, the altered flower would most closely become:

39. If the maturation region of a young root is selectively damaged while the meristematic and elongation regions remain functional, the earliest major effect will be:

40. Match each flower with its usual symmetry category. A Column II entry may be reused.

41. Five petals in a flower bud are united at their bases to form a short corolla tube. Their free lobes meet edge to edge without overlapping. Which paired description is correct?

42. A shoot apex stops producing ordinary foliage leaves, its axis becomes highly condensed, and floral appendages arise successively around the apex. The observations support the conclusion that a flower is:

43. Equal stem pieces from two unidentified plants are crushed in water. Plant P releases abundant mucilaginous material and bears alternate stipulate leaves, while Plant Q does not release mucilage and has exstipulate leaves. Which inference is best supported?

44. Structure P is a broad, flattened, green axis that bears nodes, spines and flowers and continues growth over several seasons. Structure Q is a short green branch of limited growth in Asparagus. P and Q are respectively:

45. Four grass reproductive units are described below.

The correct identification is:

46. Assertion: A hypogynous flower has a superior ovary.
Reason: Mustard, china rose and brinjal are examples of hypogynous flowers.

47. Match each family with its smallest diagnostic character combination. Each Column II entry is used once.

48. Assess the following statements about stamen cohesion.
I. Monadelphous stamens form one bundle.
II. Diadelphous stamens form two bundles.
III. Polyadelphous stamens form more than two bundles.
IV. Polyandrous stamens have their filaments united into one bundle.

49. A flower contains sepals, petals, stamens and a gynoecium formed from fused carpels. Counting the floral members represented before fusion, which pair gives the total number of members and the floral merosity?

50. Two ovaries are compared.

The most appropriate classification is: