ⓐ. To understand the functioning of the human body
ⓑ. To study celestial bodies
ⓒ. To understand the laws of nature and their interrelationships
ⓓ. To develop new languages
Correct Answer: To understand the laws of nature and their interrelationships
Explanation: The primary objective of physics is to gain a deep understanding of the fundamental laws of nature and the relationships between different physical phenomena. By comprehending these laws, physicists can explain how the universe behaves at the most basic level, from subatomic particles to the largest galaxies.
2. Which of the following is a fundamental unit in the International System of Units (SI)?
ⓐ. Kilogram
ⓑ. Gram
ⓒ. Meter
ⓓ. Second
Correct Answer: Kilogram
Explanation: In the International System of Units (SI), the kilogram is the fundamental unit of mass. The meter is the unit of length, and the second is the unit of time. Fundamental units are the building blocks of the SI system and are used to define all other units of measurement.
3. What is the SI unit of luminous intensity?
ⓐ. Candela
ⓑ. Lumen
ⓒ. Lux
ⓓ. Watt
Correct Answer: Candela
Explanation: The SI unit of luminous intensity is the candela, which measures the perceived power of light emitted in a specific direction. It is one of the seven fundamental SI units and is crucial in fields like lighting, photography, and astronomy, where understanding light’s behavior and intensity is essential.
4. Which branch of physics deals with the study of motion?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Mechanics
ⓓ. Electrodynamics
Correct Answer: Mechanics
Explanation: Mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of motion, forces, and energy of objects. It encompasses two main subfields: kinematics, which describes motion without considering its causes, and dynamics, which focuses on the forces and their effects on motion.
5. Who proposed the laws of planetary motion?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Johannes Kepler
ⓒ. Galileo Galilei
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Johannes Kepler
Explanation: Johannes Kepler proposed the laws of planetary motion in the early 17th century. These laws describe the motion of planets around the Sun based on empirical observations and laid the foundation for modern celestial mechanics.
6. Which of the following is a derived unit in the International System of Units (SI)?
ⓐ. Second
ⓑ. Meter
ⓒ. Kelvin
ⓓ. Newton
Correct Answer: Newton
Explanation: The newton (symbol: N) is a derived unit in the SI system, representing the amount of force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass by one meter per second squared. Derived units are formed by combining fundamental units through mathematical expressions.
7. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
ⓐ. Volt
ⓑ. Ampere
ⓒ. Coulomb
ⓓ. Ohm
Correct Answer: Coulomb
Explanation: The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (symbol: C). It is defined as the charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second. Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter and plays a crucial role in electromagnetism.
8. Which physicist formulated the theory of relativity?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Albert Einstein
ⓒ. Max Planck
ⓓ. Niels Bohr
Correct Answer: Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein formulated the theory of relativity, which revolutionized the understanding of space, time, and gravity. His theories, especially the special and general theories of relativity, are fundamental to modern physics and cosmology.
9. What is the SI unit of frequency?
ⓐ. Hertz
ⓑ. Watt
ⓒ. Newton
ⓓ. Pascal
Correct Answer: Hertz
Explanation: The SI unit of frequency is the hertz (symbol: Hz), which measures the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. It is commonly used to express frequencies of electromagnetic waves, sound waves, and other periodic oscillations.
10. Which of the following is a fundamental force in nature?
ⓐ. Frictional force
ⓑ. Magnetic force
ⓒ. Gravitational force
ⓓ. Electrostatic force
Correct Answer: Gravitational force
Explanation: Gravitational force is one of the four fundamental forces in nature, alongside electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, and weak nuclear force. It is responsible for the attraction between masses and plays a crucial role in the structure of the universe.
11. Which of the following statements best describes the scientific method?
ⓐ. A series of steps to prove a hypothesis
ⓑ. A systematic approach to observe, experiment, and analyze to understand natural phenomena
ⓒ. A set of rules to memorize scientific laws
ⓓ. A method to gather anecdotal evidence
Correct Answer: A systematic approach to observe, experiment, and analyze to understand natural phenomena
Explanation: The scientific method is a systematic approach used by scientists to investigate natural phenomena, formulate hypotheses, conduct experiments, and draw conclusions based on empirical evidence. It involves observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and analysis.
12. What is the SI unit of energy?
ⓐ. Joule
ⓑ. Watt
ⓒ. Newton
ⓓ. Pascal
Correct Answer: Joule
Explanation: The joule (symbol: J) is the SI unit of energy. It is defined as the work done when applying a force of one newton over a distance of one meter. Energy is a fundamental concept in physics, encompassing various forms such as kinetic energy, potential energy, and thermal energy.
13. Who discovered electromagnetic induction?
ⓐ. Michael Faraday
ⓑ. James Clerk Maxwell
ⓒ. Heinrich Hertz
ⓓ. Thomas Edison
Correct Answer: Michael Faraday
Explanation: Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction in the early 19th century. His experiments demonstrated that a changing magnetic field could induce an electric current in a nearby conductor, laying the foundation for electric generators and transformers.
14. What is the SI unit of electric potential difference?
ⓐ. Volt
ⓑ. Ampere
ⓒ. Ohm
ⓓ. Watt
Correct Answer: Volt
Explanation: The volt (symbol: V) is the SI unit of electric potential difference, also known as voltage. It represents the potential energy per unit charge between two points in an electric field. Voltage is crucial in understanding and measuring electric circuits and devices.
15. Which of the following is NOT a scalar quantity?
ⓐ. Mass
ⓑ. Velocity
ⓒ. Temperature
ⓓ. Distance
Correct Answer: Velocity
Explanation: Velocity is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction. Scalar quantities, such as mass, temperature, and distance, are described solely by their magnitude and do not have a direction associated with them.
16. What is the SI unit of power?
ⓐ. Joule
ⓑ. Watt
ⓒ. Newton
ⓓ. Pascal
Correct Answer: Watt
Explanation: The watt (symbol: W) is the SI unit of power, representing the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred or transformed. It is defined as one joule per second and is commonly used to quantify the power of electrical devices, engines, and other energy sources.
17. Which scientist proposed the laws of motion?
ⓐ. Johannes Kepler
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Isaac Newton
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion in his work “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica” published in 1687. These laws describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it, laying the foundation for classical mechanics.
18. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux?
ⓐ. Tesla
ⓑ. Weber
ⓒ. Gauss
ⓓ. Ohm
Correct Answer: Weber
Explanation: The weber (symbol: Wb) is the SI unit of magnetic flux, measuring the amount of magnetic field passing through a surface. It is a derived unit based on the tesla (unit of magnetic field strength) and the square meter (unit of area).
19. Which law states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time, if no external work is done on it?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Newton’s Third Law
ⓓ. Law of Conservation of Energy
Correct Answer: Law of Conservation of Energy
Explanation: The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system; it can only change forms. This principle is fundamental in physics and underpins many natural processes and technological applications.
20. Which of the following quantities is NOT a base quantity in the International System of Units (SI)?
ⓐ. Length
ⓑ. Time
ⓒ. Temperature
ⓓ. Force
Correct Answer: Force
Explanation: Force is a derived quantity in the SI system, defined as mass times acceleration (F = ma). The base quantities in SI are length, mass, time, electric current, temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.
21. What is the definition of physics?
ⓐ. The study of living organisms
ⓑ. The study of matter and energy and their interactions in the universe
ⓒ. The study of Earth’s atmosphere
ⓓ. The study of chemical reactions
Correct Answer: The study of matter and energy and their interactions in the universe
Explanation: Physics is the branch of science that deals with the study of matter, energy, and their interactions in the universe. It aims to understand the fundamental laws governing natural phenomena and to explain the behavior of everything from subatomic particles to galaxies.
22. Which of the following is NOT a major branch of physics?
ⓐ. Mechanics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Biology
ⓓ. Thermodynamics
Correct Answer: Biology
Explanation: Biology is not a branch of physics; it is a separate scientific discipline that focuses on the study of living organisms and their interactions. The major branches of physics include mechanics, optics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics.
23. Who is considered the father of modern physics?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Johannes Kepler
Correct Answer: Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein is often regarded as the father of modern physics due to his groundbreaking contributions to theoretical physics, including the theory of relativity and the concept of photons. His work revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy.
24. What is the primary goal of physics education?
ⓐ. To memorize scientific laws
ⓑ. To develop new technologies
ⓒ. To understand the fundamental laws of nature
ⓓ. To study ancient civilizations
Correct Answer: To understand the fundamental laws of nature
Explanation: The primary goal of physics education is to enable students to understand the fundamental laws of nature and the principles governing physical phenomena. This knowledge forms the basis for scientific inquiry, technological advancements, and a deeper understanding of the universe.
25. Which ancient civilization made significant contributions to early physics?
ⓐ. Greek
ⓑ. Chinese
ⓒ. Indian
ⓓ. All of the above
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Ancient civilizations such as the Greeks, Chinese, Indians, and others made significant contributions to early physics. Greek philosophers like Aristotle and Archimedes laid foundations in mechanics and optics, while Indian and Chinese scholars made advancements in astronomy and materials science.
26. What is the role of experimentation in physics?
ⓐ. To prove theories correct
ⓑ. To observe natural phenomena and validate theories
ⓒ. To gather anecdotal evidence
ⓓ. To perform calculations
Correct Answer: To observe natural phenomena and validate theories
Explanation: Experimentation in physics involves systematically observing natural phenomena under controlled conditions to validate or refute theories and hypotheses. It provides empirical evidence that supports theoretical models and contributes to the development of scientific knowledge.
27. What is the difference between pure and applied physics?
ⓐ. Pure physics focuses on theoretical research, while applied physics focuses on practical applications.
ⓑ. Pure physics studies living organisms, while applied physics studies non-living matter.
ⓒ. Pure physics involves only mathematical calculations, while applied physics involves experiments.
ⓓ. Pure physics is conducted in laboratories, while applied physics is conducted outdoors.
Correct Answer: Pure physics focuses on theoretical research, while applied physics focuses on practical applications.
Explanation: Pure physics seeks to understand fundamental principles and laws of nature through theoretical research, whereas applied physics applies these principles to solve practical problems and develop technologies for various industries.
28. Which physicist developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Albert Einstein
ⓒ. Galileo Galilei
ⓓ. Johannes Kepler
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation in his work “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica” published in 1687. These laws laid the foundation for classical mechanics and explained the motion of objects on Earth and in space.
29. What is the significance of the scientific method in physics?
ⓐ. It provides a systematic approach to prove hypotheses.
ⓑ. It involves memorizing scientific laws.
ⓒ. It discourages experimentation.
ⓓ. It relies solely on anecdotal evidence.
Correct Answer: It provides a systematic approach to prove hypotheses.
Explanation: The scientific method is crucial in physics as it provides a systematic approach to formulate hypotheses, conduct experiments, gather empirical data, and draw conclusions based on evidence. It ensures that scientific investigations are rigorous, reproducible, and objective.
30. Which of the following is an example of a physical quantity?
ⓐ. Happiness
ⓑ. Speed
ⓒ. Intelligence
ⓓ. Love
Correct Answer: Speed
Explanation: Speed is a physical quantity that can be measured and quantified. It is defined as the rate of change of distance with respect to time and is expressed in units such as meters per second (m/s). Physical quantities are measurable attributes of objects or phenomena in the physical world.
31. Who is known for formulating the laws of planetary motion?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Johannes Kepler
Explanation: Johannes Kepler formulated the laws of planetary motion based on empirical observations made by Tycho Brahe. Kepler’s laws describe the orbits and motion of planets around the Sun, laying the groundwork for understanding celestial mechanics.
32. Which ancient Greek philosopher proposed a geocentric model of the universe?
ⓐ. Aristotle
ⓑ. Archimedes
ⓒ. Pythagoras
ⓓ. Ptolemy
Correct Answer: Aristotle
Explanation: Aristotle proposed a geocentric model of the universe in which the Earth was considered the center, with celestial bodies moving in circular orbits around it. This model dominated Western thought for centuries until it was challenged by heliocentric models.
33. Who is credited with the invention of the telescope and made significant astronomical observations?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Tycho Brahe
Correct Answer: Galileo Galilei
Explanation: Galileo Galilei is credited with inventing the telescope and making groundbreaking astronomical observations, including the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus. His work provided strong evidence for the heliocentric model of the solar system.
34. Who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation?
ⓐ. Johannes Kepler
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Isaac Newton
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation in his work “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica” published in 1687. These laws revolutionized physics by explaining the motion of objects on Earth and in space.
35. Which scientist proposed the theory of electromagnetism and developed the laws of electromagnetic induction?
ⓐ. Michael Faraday
ⓑ. James Clerk Maxwell
ⓒ. Heinrich Hertz
ⓓ. Nikola Tesla
Correct Answer: Michael Faraday
Explanation: Michael Faraday proposed the theory of electromagnetism and developed the laws of electromagnetic induction in the 19th century. His experiments demonstrated the relationship between electricity and magnetism, paving the way for modern electrical technology.
36. Who proposed the theory of relativity, which revolutionized physics in the 20th century?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Niels Bohr
Correct Answer: Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein proposed the theory of relativity, including the special and general theories, which revolutionized physics by redefining our understanding of space, time, and gravity. His work laid the foundation for modern cosmology and astrophysics.
37. Which ancient civilization made significant contributions to early optics and astronomy?
ⓐ. Egyptian
ⓑ. Chinese
ⓒ. Mayan
ⓓ. Mesopotamian
Correct Answer: Chinese
Explanation: The Chinese civilization made significant contributions to early optics and astronomy, including the invention of the camera obscura and accurate astronomical observations. Chinese astronomers developed sophisticated calendars and studied celestial phenomena.
38. Who is considered the father of modern experimental science?
ⓐ. Galileo Galilei
ⓑ. Isaac Newton
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Aristotle
Correct Answer: Galileo Galilei
Explanation: Galileo Galilei is considered the father of modern experimental science for his systematic approach to experimentation and empirical observation. His work laid the foundation for the scientific method and the practice of experimental physics.
39. Who proposed the laws of motion based on the concept of inertia?
ⓐ. Galileo Galilei
ⓑ. Isaac Newton
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton proposed the laws of motion, including the concept of inertia, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force. These laws are fundamental to classical mechanics.
40. Which physicist contributed significantly to the understanding of quantum mechanics and wave-particle duality?
ⓐ. Niels Bohr
ⓑ. Max Planck
ⓒ. Werner Heisenberg
ⓓ. Erwin Schrödinger
Correct Answer: Niels Bohr
Explanation: Niels Bohr contributed significantly to the understanding of quantum mechanics and wave-particle duality with his model of the atom and the principles of complementarity. His work laid the foundation for modern atomic and nuclear physics.
41. Who formulated the laws of optics, including the laws of reflection and refraction?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Alhazen
Correct Answer: Alhazen
Explanation: Alhazen, also known as Ibn al-Haytham, formulated the laws of optics, including the laws of reflection and refraction, during the Islamic Golden Age. His work laid the foundation for modern optics and experimental physics.
42. Who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun at the center?
ⓐ. Tycho Brahe
ⓑ. Ptolemy
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Nicolaus Copernicus
Correct Answer: Nicolaus Copernicus
Explanation: Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, challenging the prevailing geocentric model. He placed the Sun at the center, with the planets orbiting it, marking a significant shift in our understanding of the universe.
43. Which ancient Greek philosopher first proposed the concept of atomism?
ⓐ. Aristotle
ⓑ. Plato
ⓒ. Democritus
ⓓ. Socrates
Correct Answer: Democritus
Explanation: Democritus, an ancient Greek philosopher, first proposed the concept of atomism, suggesting that all matter is composed of indivisible particles called atoms. His ideas laid the groundwork for modern atomic theory in physics and chemistry.
44. Who developed the laws of motion that laid the foundation for classical mechanics?
ⓐ. Albert Einstein
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Isaac Newton
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton developed the laws of motion in his work “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica,” published in 1687. These laws describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it, foundational to classical mechanics.
45. Which scientist conducted the famous oil drop experiment to determine the fundamental charge of an electron?
ⓐ. Ernest Rutherford
ⓑ. J.J. Thomson
ⓒ. Robert Millikan
ⓓ. Max Planck
Correct Answer: Robert Millikan
Explanation: Robert Millikan conducted the oil drop experiment in 1909 to determine the fundamental charge of an electron. His work provided a precise measurement of the electron’s charge and contributed to our understanding of atomic structure.
46. Who proposed the theory of electromagnetism and developed Maxwell’s equations?
ⓐ. Michael Faraday
ⓑ. James Clerk Maxwell
ⓒ. Heinrich Hertz
ⓓ. Thomas Edison
Correct Answer: James Clerk Maxwell
Explanation: James Clerk Maxwell proposed the theory of electromagnetism and developed Maxwell’s equations in the 19th century. His equations unified electricity and magnetism into a single theory, predicting the existence of electromagnetic waves.
47. Who discovered X-rays in 1895, leading to their use in medical imaging and scientific research?
ⓐ. Wilhelm Röntgen
ⓑ. Marie Curie
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Niels Bohr
Correct Answer: Wilhelm Röntgen
Explanation: Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while studying cathode rays, leading to their use in medical imaging and scientific research. His discovery revolutionized medicine and contributed to the development of modern physics.
48. Who proposed the theory of special relativity, introducing concepts like time dilation and length contraction?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Max Planck
Correct Answer: Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein proposed the theory of special relativity in 1905, which revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and motion. The theory introduced concepts such as time dilation and length contraction, challenging classical mechanics.
49. Who developed the laws of quantum mechanics, fundamentally changing our understanding of atomic and subatomic processes?
ⓐ. Niels Bohr
ⓑ. Max Planck
ⓒ. Werner Heisenberg
ⓓ. Erwin Schrödinger
Correct Answer: Max Planck
Explanation: Max Planck developed the laws of quantum mechanics, starting with his formulation of the quantum theory of radiation in 1900. His work introduced the concept of quantized energy levels and laid the foundation for modern physics.
50. Who proposed the uncertainty principle, which states that certain pairs of physical properties cannot both be precisely known simultaneously?
ⓐ. Niels Bohr
ⓑ. Max Planck
ⓒ. Werner Heisenberg
ⓓ. Erwin Schrödinger
Correct Answer: Werner Heisenberg
Explanation: Werner Heisenberg proposed the uncertainty principle as part of his contributions to quantum mechanics in the 1920s. The principle asserts that the more precisely the position of a particle is known, the less precisely its momentum can be known, and vice versa.
51. Which branch of physics deals with the study of motion and forces in bodies?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Mechanics
ⓓ. Electrodynamics
Correct Answer: Mechanics
Explanation: Mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of motion and forces in bodies. It encompasses both kinematics, which describes motion without considering its causes, and dynamics, which focuses on the forces causing motion.
52. Who formulated the three laws of motion that are fundamental to classical mechanics?
ⓐ. Johannes Kepler
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Isaac Newton
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton formulated the three laws of motion in his work “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica,” published in 1687. These laws are foundational to classical mechanics and describe the behavior of objects under the influence of forces.
53. Which law of motion states that every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Newton’s Third Law
ⓓ. Law of Universal Gravitation
Correct Answer: Newton’s First Law
Explanation: Newton’s First Law of Motion states that every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force. It is also known as the law of inertia.
54. Which law of motion states that the force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum, and occurs in the direction of the applied force?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Newton’s Third Law
ⓓ. Law of Universal Gravitation
Correct Answer: Newton’s Second Law
Explanation: Newton’s Second Law of Motion states that the force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum, and occurs in the direction of the applied force. Mathematically, it is expressed as F = ma, where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.
55. Which law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Newton’s Third Law
ⓓ. Law of Universal Gravitation
Correct Answer: Newton’s Third Law
Explanation: Newton’s Third Law of Motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This law explains the interaction between two objects and the forces they exert on each other, ensuring conservation of momentum.
56. Which branch of mechanics deals specifically with the motion of objects without considering the forces causing the motion?
ⓐ. Kinematics
ⓑ. Dynamics
ⓒ. Thermodynamics
ⓓ. Optics
Correct Answer: Kinematics
Explanation: Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of objects without considering the forces causing the motion. It focuses on describing motion in terms of displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time.
57. Which branch of mechanics deals with the forces causing the motion of objects?
ⓐ. Kinematics
ⓑ. Dynamics
ⓒ. Thermodynamics
ⓓ. Optics
Correct Answer: Dynamics
Explanation: Dynamics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the forces causing the motion of objects. It investigates how forces interact with objects to produce motion, including the effects of mass, acceleration, and the laws of motion.
58. What is the SI unit of force, as defined by Newton’s Second Law?
ⓐ. Pascal
ⓑ. Joule
ⓒ. Newton
ⓓ. Watt
Correct Answer: Newton
Explanation: The SI unit of force is the Newton (N), defined by Newton’s Second Law of Motion. One Newton is the force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass by one meter per second squared (1 N = 1 kg⋅m/s²).
59. Which scientist developed the principles of classical mechanics, including the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation?
ⓐ. Johannes Kepler
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Isaac Newton
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton developed the principles of classical mechanics, which include the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. His work laid the foundation for understanding motion, forces, and gravitation.
60. Which branch of physics studies the behavior of gases and liquids in motion and the forces acting on them?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Fluid Mechanics
ⓓ. Electromagnetism
Correct Answer: Fluid Mechanics
Explanation: Fluid Mechanics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior of gases and liquids in motion, including their properties and the forces acting on them. It is crucial in understanding fluid dynamics, aerodynamics, and hydrodynamics.
61. Which law of motion can be used to explain the behavior of an object sliding down an inclined plane?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Newton’s Third Law
ⓓ. Law of Universal Gravitation
Correct Answer: Newton’s Second Law
Explanation: Newton’s Second Law of Motion can be used to explain the behavior of an object sliding down an inclined plane by calculating the forces acting on the object and determining its acceleration along the incline.
62. Which principle states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time, even if energy within the system changes form?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Law of Conservation of Energy
ⓓ. Law of Universal Gravitation
Correct Answer: Law of Conservation of Energy
Explanation: The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time, even if energy within the system changes form. This principle is fundamental in classical mechanics and thermodynamics.
63. Which branch of mechanics deals with the study of the motion of celestial objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies?
ⓐ. Classical Mechanics
ⓑ. Celestial Mechanics
ⓒ. Quantum Mechanics
ⓓ. Statistical Mechanics
Correct Answer: Celestial Mechanics
Explanation: Celestial Mechanics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the study of the motion of celestial objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies under the influence of gravitational forces. It applies principles of classical mechanics to astronomical phenomena.
64. Who developed the laws of planetary motion, describing the elliptical orbits of planets around the Sun?
ⓐ. Isaac Newton
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Johannes Kepler
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Johannes Kepler
Explanation: Johannes Kepler developed the laws of planetary motion, known as Kepler’s laws, in the early 17th century. His laws describe the elliptical orbits of planets around the Sun and laid the groundwork for Newton’s law of universal gravitation.
65. Which principle states that the path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time?
ⓐ. Fermat’s Principle
ⓑ. Archimedes’ Principle
ⓒ. Pascal’s Principle
ⓓ. Bernoulli’s Principle
Correct Answer: Fermat’s Principle
Explanation: Fermat’s Principle states that the path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time. It is fundamental in optics and helps explain the behavior of light reflection and refraction.
66. Which scientist developed the laws of motion, including the concept of inertia and the principle of action and reaction?
ⓐ. Johannes Kepler
ⓑ. Galileo Galilei
ⓒ. Isaac Newton
ⓓ. Albert Einstein
Correct Answer: Isaac Newton
Explanation: Isaac Newton developed the laws of motion, which include the concept of inertia (First Law) and the principle of action and reaction (Third Law). His laws are essential in understanding classical mechanics and dynamics.
67. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the equilibrium of systems under the action of forces and moments?
ⓐ. Dynamics
ⓑ. Kinematics
ⓒ. Statics
ⓓ. Thermodynamics
Correct Answer: Statics
Explanation: Statics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the equilibrium of systems under the action of forces and moments (torques). It examines how forces balance each other in stationary objects or systems.
68. Which law of motion explains why astronauts experience weightlessness in space?
ⓐ. Newton’s First Law
ⓑ. Newton’s Second Law
ⓒ. Newton’s Third Law
ⓓ. Law of Universal Gravitation
Correct Answer: Newton’s First Law
Explanation: Newton’s First Law of Motion explains why astronauts experience weightlessness in space. In the absence of external forces, objects (including astronauts) in motion will remain in motion with constant velocity or at rest if initially at rest.
69. Which branch of mechanics deals with the study of the motion of projectiles and the effects of air resistance?
ⓐ. Fluid Mechanics
ⓑ. Celestial Mechanics
ⓒ. Aerodynamics
ⓓ. Kinematics
Correct Answer: Aerodynamics
Explanation: Aerodynamics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the study of the motion of projectiles (such as aircraft) and the effects of air resistance on their motion. It is crucial in designing efficient aircraft and understanding fluid dynamics in air.
70. Which principle states that the force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object is upward and equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object?
ⓐ. Archimedes’ Principle
ⓑ. Pascal’s Principle
ⓒ. Bernoulli’s Principle
ⓓ. Hooke’s Law
Correct Answer: Archimedes’ Principle
Explanation: Archimedes’ Principle states that the force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object (buoyant force) is upward and equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. It explains why objects float or sink in a fluid medium.
71. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels?
ⓐ. Classical Mechanics
ⓑ. Quantum Mechanics
ⓒ. Thermodynamics
ⓓ. Optics
Correct Answer: Quantum Mechanics
Explanation: Quantum Mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels. It describes phenomena such as quantization of energy levels, wave-particle duality, and uncertainty principles.
72. Who proposed the wave-particle duality concept, stating that particles exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior?
ⓐ. Max Planck
ⓑ. Niels Bohr
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Louis de Broglie
Correct Answer: Louis de Broglie
Explanation: Louis de Broglie proposed the wave-particle duality concept, suggesting that particles exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior. This idea laid the foundation for understanding quantum mechanics and the behavior of matter on microscopic scales.
73. Which principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously determine the exact position and momentum of a particle with arbitrary precision?
ⓐ. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
ⓑ. Pauli Exclusion Principle
ⓒ. Schrödinger Equation
ⓓ. Bohr’s Model of the Atom
Correct Answer: Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Explanation: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously determine the exact position and momentum of a particle with arbitrary precision. This principle has profound implications for quantum mechanics and measurement processes.
74. Which equation describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes with time?
ⓐ. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
ⓑ. Schrödinger Equation
ⓒ. Planck’s Equation
ⓓ. Bohr’s Equation
Correct Answer: Schrödinger Equation
Explanation: The Schrödinger Equation describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes with time. It is a fundamental equation in quantum mechanics, used to calculate wave functions and predict the behavior of particles at microscopic scales.
75. Which phenomenon explains the emission of light by atoms when electrons jump between energy levels?
ⓐ. Photoelectric Effect
ⓑ. Compton Effect
ⓒ. Bohr Effect
ⓓ. Emission Spectra
Correct Answer: Emission Spectra
Explanation: Emission Spectra explain the emission of light by atoms when electrons jump between energy levels. These spectral lines are unique to each element and provide valuable information about atomic structure and energy transitions.
76. Which scientist introduced the concept of quantized energy levels in his explanation of blackbody radiation?
ⓐ. Max Planck
ⓑ. Niels Bohr
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Werner Heisenberg
Correct Answer: Max Planck
Explanation: Max Planck introduced the concept of quantized energy levels in his explanation of blackbody radiation, laying the foundation for quantum theory. Planck’s discovery led to the development of quantum mechanics as a distinct branch of physics.
77. Which phenomenon describes the tendency of particles to exhibit wave-like behavior, especially evident in the double-slit experiment?
ⓐ. Wave-particle duality
ⓑ. Quantum entanglement
ⓒ. Uncertainty principle
ⓓ. Complementarity principle
Correct Answer: Wave-particle duality
Explanation: Wave-particle duality describes the tendency of particles to exhibit wave-like behavior, especially evident in experiments like the double-slit experiment. This concept is central to understanding quantum mechanics and the nature of matter.
78. Which principle states that two or more particles can become entangled, such that their quantum states are interdependent regardless of the distance between them?
ⓐ. Pauli Exclusion Principle
ⓑ. Bohr’s Correspondence Principle
ⓒ. Quantum Entanglement
ⓓ. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Correct Answer: Quantum Entanglement
Explanation: Quantum Entanglement states that two or more particles can become entangled, such that their quantum states are interdependent regardless of the distance between them. This phenomenon has implications for quantum computing and communication.
79. Which branch of quantum mechanics deals specifically with the behavior of particles at the atomic scale, involving probabilistic predictions?
ⓐ. Quantum Electrodynamics
ⓑ. Quantum Field Theory
ⓒ. Quantum Statistical Mechanics
ⓓ. Quantum Theory of Matter
Correct Answer: Quantum Theory of Matter
Explanation: Quantum Theory of Matter deals specifically with the behavior of particles at the atomic scale, involving probabilistic predictions and describing phenomena such as electron behavior in atoms and solids.
80. Which scientist proposed the quantization condition for angular momentum in atoms, leading to the Bohr model of the atom?
ⓐ. Niels Bohr
ⓑ. Werner Heisenberg
ⓒ. Max Planck
ⓓ. Louis de Broglie
Correct Answer: Niels Bohr
Explanation: Niels Bohr proposed the quantization condition for angular momentum in atoms, leading to the Bohr model of the atom. His model successfully explained atomic spectra and contributed to the development of quantum mechanics.
81. Which concept in quantum mechanics explains that particles such as electrons can occupy only discrete energy levels within an atom?
ⓐ. Quantum Tunneling
ⓑ. Wave-particle Duality
ⓒ. Energy Quantization
ⓓ. Uncertainty Principle
Correct Answer: Energy Quantization
Explanation: Energy Quantization in quantum mechanics explains that particles such as electrons can occupy only discrete energy levels within an atom. This concept is fundamental to understanding atomic spectra and electron behavior.
82. Which equation describes the relationship between the energy and frequency of a photon?
ⓐ. Planck’s Equation
ⓑ. Schrödinger Equation
ⓒ. Einstein’s Equation
ⓓ. Bohr’s Equation
Correct Answer: Planck’s Equation
Explanation: Planck’s Equation describes the relationship between the energy (E) and frequency (ν) of a photon: E = hν, where h is Planck’s constant. This equation is crucial in quantum mechanics and the study of electromagnetic radiation.
83. Which phenomenon in quantum mechanics allows particles to pass through potential barriers that would be classically impossible to cross?
ⓐ. Wave-particle Duality
ⓑ. Quantum Tunneling
ⓒ. Compton Effect
ⓓ. Photoelectric Effect
Correct Answer: Quantum Tunneling
Explanation: Quantum Tunneling is the phenomenon in quantum mechanics that allows particles to pass through potential barriers that would be classically impossible to cross. It is essential in understanding atomic nuclei stability, scanning tunneling microscopy, and semiconductor devices.
84. Which principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers?
ⓐ. Pauli Exclusion Principle
ⓑ. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
ⓒ. Bohr’s Correspondence Principle
ⓓ. Complementarity Principle
Correct Answer: Pauli Exclusion Principle
Explanation: The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers (specifically, the same quantum state). This principle is fundamental in understanding atomic structure and chemical bonding.
85. Which scientist developed the quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation, explaining the photoelectric effect?
ⓐ. Max Planck
ⓑ. Niels Bohr
ⓒ. Albert Einstein
ⓓ. Louis de Broglie
Correct Answer: Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein developed the quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation, which explained the photoelectric effect by proposing that light consists of particles (photons) with discrete energies. This theory contributed significantly to quantum mechanics.
86. Which concept in quantum mechanics describes the wave-like nature of particles, where the wavelength is inversely proportional to momentum?
ⓐ. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
ⓑ. Bohr’s Model of the Atom
ⓒ. De Broglie Hypothesis
ⓓ. Compton Effect
Correct Answer: De Broglie Hypothesis
Explanation: The De Broglie Hypothesis in quantum mechanics describes the wave-like nature of particles, suggesting that every particle exhibits wave-like properties with a wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum.
87. Which equation describes the probability distribution of finding a particle in a particular state in quantum mechanics?
ⓐ. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
ⓑ. Planck’s Equation
ⓒ. Schrödinger Equation
ⓓ. Bohr’s Equation
Correct Answer: Schrödinger Equation
Explanation: The Schrödinger Equation in quantum mechanics describes the wave function of a particle and its evolution over time. The probability distribution of finding a particle in a particular state is given by the square of the wave function.
88. Which principle in quantum mechanics states that the classical description of macroscopic systems must emerge from the quantum description of microscopic systems?
ⓐ. Complementarity Principle
ⓑ. Correspondence Principle
ⓒ. Uncertainty Principle
ⓓ. Exclusion Principle
Correct Answer: Correspondence Principle
Explanation: Bohr’s Correspondence Principle in quantum mechanics states that the classical description of macroscopic systems must emerge from the quantum description of microscopic systems as the scale of observation increases.
89. Which branch of quantum mechanics deals with the statistical behavior of large ensembles of particles?
ⓐ. Quantum Electrodynamics
ⓑ. Quantum Statistical Mechanics
ⓒ. Quantum Field Theory
ⓓ. Quantum Theory of Matter
Correct Answer: Quantum Statistical Mechanics
Explanation: Quantum Statistical Mechanics deals with the statistical behavior of large ensembles of particles, considering quantum effects such as indistinguishability and quantum states’ occupation probabilities.
90. Which phenomenon in quantum mechanics explains the instantaneous influence of one particle’s quantum state on another, even when separated by large distances?
ⓐ. Wave-particle Duality
ⓑ. Quantum Entanglement
ⓒ. Quantum Tunneling
ⓓ. Bohr Effect
Correct Answer: Quantum Entanglement
Explanation: Quantum Entanglement explains the instantaneous influence of one particle’s quantum state on another, even when separated by large distances. This phenomenon has implications for quantum information and communication.
91. Which branch of physics deals with the study of heat, temperature, and their relation to energy and work?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Electromagnetism
ⓓ. Astrophysics
Correct Answer: Thermodynamics
Explanation: Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of heat, temperature, and their relation to energy and work. It includes principles such as the laws of thermodynamics and their applications in various systems.
92. Which branch of physics deals with the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and its propagation through space?
ⓐ. Optics
ⓑ. Electrodynamics
ⓒ. Quantum Electrodynamics
ⓓ. Astrophysics
Correct Answer: Optics
Explanation: Optics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter (reflection, refraction, dispersion) and its propagation through space. It encompasses topics like lenses, mirrors, and optical instruments.
93. Which branch of physics deals with the study of electric charges, fields, and their interactions with magnets and currents?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Electromagnetism
ⓓ. Nuclear Physics
Correct Answer: Electromagnetism
Explanation: Electromagnetism is the branch of physics that deals with the study of electric charges, electric and magnetic fields, and their interactions with magnets and currents. It includes Maxwell’s equations and the principles governing electromagnetic waves.
94. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the structure, properties, and behavior of atomic nuclei and the particles that compose them?
ⓐ. Optics
ⓑ. Electrodynamics
ⓒ. Quantum Mechanics
ⓓ. Nuclear Physics
Correct Answer: Nuclear Physics
Explanation: Nuclear Physics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the structure, properties, and behavior of atomic nuclei and the particles that compose them. It includes topics like nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, and nuclear energy.
95. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the fundamental forces and particles that make up the universe, including the development of theories such as the Standard Model?
ⓐ. Particle Physics
ⓑ. Astrophysics
ⓒ. Solid State Physics
ⓓ. Thermodynamics
Correct Answer: Particle Physics
Explanation: Particle Physics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the fundamental forces and particles that make up the universe. It includes the development and testing of theories like the Standard Model, which describes elementary particles and their interactions.
96. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the behavior and properties of materials in their solid phase, including crystals, semiconductors, and superconductors?
ⓐ. Solid State Physics
ⓑ. Optics
ⓒ. Fluid Dynamics
ⓓ. Astrophysics
Correct Answer: Solid State Physics
Explanation: Solid State Physics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the behavior and properties of materials in their solid phase. It includes topics like crystal structures, semiconductors, magnetic materials, and superconductors.
97. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the motion and properties of fluids, including liquids, gases, and plasmas?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Fluid Dynamics
ⓒ. Quantum Electrodynamics
ⓓ. Electromagnetism
Correct Answer: Fluid Dynamics
Explanation: Fluid Dynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the motion and properties of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas). It includes topics like fluid flow, turbulence, boundary layers, and aerodynamics.
98. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the universe, including its origins, evolution, and phenomena such as galaxies, stars, planets, and cosmic radiation?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Solid State Physics
ⓒ. Astrophysics
ⓓ. Nuclear Physics
Correct Answer: Astrophysics
Explanation: Astrophysics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the universe, including its origins, evolution, and phenomena such as galaxies, stars, planets, and cosmic radiation. It combines principles from astronomy and physics to understand celestial objects and phenomena.
99. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the behavior and properties of matter at extremely low temperatures, near absolute zero?
ⓐ. Thermodynamics
ⓑ. Particle Physics
ⓒ. Condensed Matter Physics
ⓓ. Quantum Electrodynamics
Correct Answer: Thermodynamics
Explanation: Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of heat, temperature, energy, and their transformations. It includes principles such as the laws of thermodynamics and their applications in various systems.
100. Which branch of physics deals with the study of the properties and behavior of matter in bulk quantities, such as solids and liquids?
ⓐ. Quantum Mechanics
ⓑ. Solid State Physics
ⓒ. Optics
ⓓ. Particle Physics
Correct Answer: Solid State Physics
Explanation: Solid State Physics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of the properties and behavior of matter in bulk quantities, such as solids and liquids. It encompasses topics like crystal structures, phase transitions, and material properties.
Welcome to Class 11 Physics MCQs – Chapter 1: Physical World (Part 1).
This page is a chapter-wise question bank for the NCERT/CBSE Class 11 Physics syllabus—built for quick revision and exam speed.
Practice MCQs / objective questions / Physics quiz items with solutions and explanations,
ideal for CBSE Boards, JEE Main, NEET, competitive exams, and Board exams.
These MCQs are suitable for international competitive exams—physics concepts are universal.
Navigation & pages: The full chapter has 370 MCQs in 4 parts (100 + 100 + 100 + 70).
Part 1 contains 100 MCQs split across 10 pages (you’ll see 10 questions per page).
Use the page numbers above to view the remaining questions.
What you will learn & practice
Introduction to Physics and the nature of scientific inquiry
Scope and Excitement of Physics across scales and disciplines
Physics, Technology, and Society: real-world impact and applications
Fundamental Forces in Nature: gravitational, electromagnetic, strong & weak
Nature of Physical Laws: universality, symmetry, and mathematical form
How this practice works
Click an option to check instantly: green dot = correct, red icon = incorrect. The Correct Answer and brief Explanation then appear.
Use the 👁️ Eye icon to reveal the answer with explanation without guessing.
Use the 📝 Notebook icon as a temporary workspace while reading (notes are not saved).
Use the ⚠️ Alert icon to report a question if you find any mistake—your message reaches us instantly.
Use the 💬 Message icon to leave a comment or start a discussion for that question.
Real value: Strictly aligned to NCERT/CBSE topics, informed by previous-year paper trends, and written with
concise, exam-oriented explanations—perfect for one-mark questions, quick concept checks, and last-minute revision.
👉 Total MCQs in this chapter: 370 (100 + 100 + 100 + 70)
👉 This part: first 100 multiple-choice questions with answers & brief explanations (in 10 pages)
👉 Best for: Boards • JEE/NEET • chapter-wise test • one-mark revision • quick Physics quiz
👉 Next: use the Part buttons and the page numbers above to continue
FAQs on Physical World MCQs ▼
▸ What are Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 Physical World MCQs?
These are multiple-choice questions from Chapter 1 of NCERT Class 11 Physics – Physical World. They help students understand fundamental concepts, history of science, nature of physics, and its applications in technology and society.
▸ How many MCQs are available in this chapter?
There are a total of 370 MCQs from Chapter 1: Physical World. They are divided into 4 sections – three sets of 100 questions each and one set of 70 questions.
▸ Are these Physics MCQs useful for NCERT and CBSE board exams?
Yes, these MCQs are directly based on NCERT and CBSE Class 11 Physics syllabus. They strengthen conceptual clarity and are useful for school exams as well as quick revisions before tests.
▸ Are these MCQs important for competitive exams like JEE and NEET?
Yes, Physical World MCQs are helpful for JEE, NEET, and other entrance exams as they test your grasp of basic concepts, scientific methodology, and the role of physics in nature and research.
▸ Do these MCQs include answers and explanations?
Yes, every MCQ is provided with the correct answer along with explanations wherever needed. This helps students understand the reasoning behind each solution, making learning more effective.
▸ Who should practice these Physics MCQs?
These MCQs are useful for Class 11 students, board exam aspirants, and candidates preparing for competitive exams like JEE, NEET, NDA, UPSC, and other entrance tests requiring a strong foundation in physics.
▸ Can I practice these Physics MCQs online for free?
Yes, all MCQs on GK Aim are available online for free. They can be accessed easily from mobile, tablet, or desktop anytime.
▸ Are these MCQs helpful for quick revision before exams?
Yes, practicing these MCQs regularly helps with quick revision, strengthens memory recall, and improves exam performance in practice tests by enhancing accuracy and speed.
▸ Do these Physics MCQs cover both basic and advanced concepts?
Yes, the MCQs range from simple factual questions to conceptual and application-based problems, covering both basic and advanced levels of physics.
▸ Why are the MCQs divided into 4 parts?
The 370 MCQs are divided into 4 sets to make practice more organized and manageable, allowing students to focus on smaller portions step by step.
▸ Can teachers and coaching institutes use these MCQs?
Yes, teachers and coaching centers can use these MCQs as ready-made practice material, quizzes, and assignments for students.
▸ Are these MCQs mobile-friendly?
Yes, the Class 11 Physics MCQs pages are optimized for smartphones and tablets so students can practice anytime, anywhere.
▸ Can I download or save Physical World MCQs for offline study?
Yes, you can download these Physical World MCQs in PDF format for offline study. Please visit our website shop.gkaim.com