Correct Answer: Research and development projects
Explanation: PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is particularly useful for large and complex projects, including research and development projects. It helps in analyzing and managing the uncertainties and dependencies associated with such projects. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
Correct Answer: Uncertainty time and resources types of work
Explanation: Bar charts are commonly used for minor and simple projects, while CPM (Critical Path Method) is suitable for projects with repetitive work. PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is used for projects with uncertainties in both time and resources. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
Correct Answer: Left of the line joining two circles
Explanation: In a CPM (Critical Path Method) network diagram, the operation that must complete first is the one to the left of the line joining two circles. This indicates the precedence relationship, and the operation to the left should be completed before the one on the right. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
Correct Answer: More than one
Explanation: An operation in a CPM (Critical Path Method) network may have more than one pre-operation, indicating multiple tasks that must be completed before the operation can start. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
Correct Answer: Wall construction and carpentry work of doors and windows
Explanation: Wall construction and carpentry work of doors and windows are examples of parallel activities. These tasks can be performed simultaneously without waiting for the completion of each other. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
Correct Answer: TLi – TEi
Explanation: The slack for an event is the difference between the latest time it can occur (TLj) and the earliest time it must occur (TEi).
Correct Answer: Behind the schedule condition
Explanation: Negative slack means an event or activity is behind schedule, as it indicates that there is not enough time to complete the task within the given constraints.
Correct Answer: When a deficiency of resources exists
Explanation: Negative slack may occur when there is a shortage of resources, causing delays in completing activities within the planned time.
Correct Answer: Event
Explanation: SLACK time refers to the float or slack associated with an event in a project network.
Correct Answer: Activity
Explanation: ‘Wait’ in CPM refers to an activity, where some task or operation is waiting for a specific condition or predecessor activity to be completed.
Correct Answer: Head event
Explanation: In PERT, the completion of an activity is represented by a head event, which signifies the endpoint of the activity.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: PERT provides benefits to management in formulating schedules, coordinating tasks, and making adjustments to meet project targets.
Correct Answer: Variance
Explanation: Variance is the mean of squared deviations from the mean of a distribution.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: PERT involves considering optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely time estimates for activities.
Correct Answer: (a + 4m + b) / 6
Explanation: The average time in PERT is calculated using the formula (a + 4m + b) / 6.
Correct Answer: 4 days
Explanation: The expected time (TE) is calculated as (a + 4m + b) / 6 = (1 + 4(3) + 11) / 6 = 4 days.
Correct Answer: Concrete cured
Explanation: In PERT, events represent significant points in time, and “Concrete cured” is an event indicating the completion of a specific activity.
Correct Answer: Event
Explanation: PERT represents the start and end of activities with events in the project network.
Correct Answer: (tp-to) / 6
Explanation: The standard deviation for a β-distribution curve is calculated as (tp – to) / 6.
Correct Answer: 1.67 days
Explanation: The standard deviation is calculated as (11 – 1) / 6 = 1.67 days.
Correct Answer: Event
Explanation: In PERT, the actual performance of a task is represented by an event in the network.
Correct Answer: The minimum time in which any activity can possibly be accomplished
Explanation: Optimistic time in PERT is the minimum time required for the completion of an activity under the best possible conditions.
Correct Answer: The maximum time which an activity might require
Explanation: Pessimistic time in PERT is the maximum time an activity might take under the worst possible conditions.
Correct Answer: The time which has the highest probability of occurrence
Explanation: The most likely time in PERT is the time an activity will take under normal conditions, having the highest probability of occurrence.
Correct Answer: Beta distribution curve
Explanation: PERT uses a Beta distribution curve for time estimates of activities.
Correct Answer: Standard deviation
Explanation: The square root of the variance is the standard deviation.
Correct Answer: Each individual deviation is zero
Explanation: Variance is the average of the squared deviations from the mean, and it will be zero only if each deviation is zero.
Correct Answer: 4
Explanation: Variance = [(tp – to)/6]2 = [(14 – 2)/6]2 = 4
Correct Answer: 1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively
Explanation: Fulkerson’s numbering for the events A, B, C, D, E is 1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively.
Correct Answer: Event
Explanation: Such a stage or point is called an event in project network analysis.
Correct Answer: Minimum of (TLj – TEij)
Explanation: The latest allowable time for an event i is equal to the minimum of (TLj – TEij) over all activities ending at event i.
Correct Answer: None of the above
Explanation: There is no specific term for an activity that consumes maximum time; the critical path determines the longest path in the project.
Correct Answer: Merge
Explanation: The symbol indicates a merge, where multiple activities or paths converge into a single event.
Correct Answer: Burst
Explanation: The symbol indicates a burst, where multiple activities or paths originate from a single event.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Time and progress charts in construction can be represented using a bar chart, Gantt chart, or CPM.
Correct Answer: Higher uncertainty
Explanation: Standard deviation measures the spread or variability of a set of values. A higher standard deviation indicates greater variability, which translates to higher uncertainty in the context of project management. It implies that the values in the dataset are more dispersed from the mean, making predictions less reliable.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: In CPM (Critical Path Method), the completion of an activity can be referred to as an event, a node, or a connector. These terms are used interchangeably to denote the point in the project where a specific task or activity is finished.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: In a CPM/PERT network, an event can be represented by a number enclosed in a circle, square, or triangle. The different shapes are used for visual clarity, and the enclosed number signifies the sequence or identification of the event.
Correct Answer: Is minimum for critical events
Explanation: Slack time in PERT analysis refers to the total time that an activity can be delayed without delaying the project. It is minimum for critical events, as any delay in these events directly affects the project’s overall duration.
Correct Answer: Uncertainty factor concerned with PERT
Explanation: The subscript E in tijE signifies the expected time in PERT and reflects the uncertainty factor associated with estimating the time required for activity completion.
Correct Answer: Site located
Explanation: While “Site located” is an essential step, it doesn’t represent an individual activity in the context of project management. Activities typically involve specific tasks or processes that contribute to the project’s progression.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: The number of events in a CPM/PERT network can be less than, more than, or equal to the number of activities depending on the complexity of the project. Each event represents a point in time where activities either begin or end.
Correct Answer: Dangling
Explanation: A dangling event occurs when no activity emerges from an event other than the final event. It is an error in network planning that needs correction.
Correct Answer: Looping
Explanation: Looping happens when the path of activities forms a closed loop, potentially causing an infinite sequence. It is an error in network planning that requires correction.
Correct Answer: Sum of the duration of critical activities
Explanation: Total project time is the sum of the durations of critical activities, as any delay in these activities would extend the overall project duration.
Correct Answer: Normal distribution curve
Explanation: The expected project duration in CPM follows a normal distribution curve, assuming that the activity durations are normally distributed.
Correct Answer: Frequency distribution curve
Explanation: A frequency distribution curve expresses the relationship between jobs of a particular type and the various durations they have consumed for completion.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: A frequency distribution curve can be uninodal, normal, or skew, depending on its shape and characteristics.
Correct Answer: Symmetrical
Explanation: When the frequency distribution curve is symmetrical, the mean coincides with the mode, providing a measure of central tendency.
Correct Answer: Normal distribution curve
Explanation: A normal distribution curve, when the height of the frequency-distribution underneath it is equal to unity, is a standard representation of a normal distribution.
Correct Answer: Expected time
Explanation: The area under the Beta (B) distribution curve in PERT is divided into two equal parts by the expected time. This is a significant point in the distribution.
Correct Answer: σE = √ [(σ12+σ22+σ32….) / n]
Explanation: The standard deviation of the time of completion of the project in PERT is calculated as the square root of the sum of the squares of standard deviations of critical path activities divided by the total number of activities.
Correct Answer: Greater will be the uncertainty
Explanation: Variance is a measure of the dispersion of data points from the mean. A larger variance indicates greater variability or uncertainty in the data.
Correct Answer: 4 and 4/9
Explanation: The expected time (TE) is calculated as TE = (a + 4m + b) / 6, and the variance (V) is calculated as V = (b – a)² / 36. For this activity, TE = 4 and V = 4/9.
Correct Answer: (Scheduled time – Earliest expected time) / Standard deviation
Explanation: The probability factor in PERT is determined by the difference between the scheduled time and the earliest expected time, divided by the standard deviation.
Correct Answer: 50%
Explanation: The probability of completing any activity within its expected time in PERT is considered to be 50%, indicating an equal likelihood of completion before or after the expected time.
Correct Answer: 50%
Explanation: A probability factor of zero implies a 50% chance of completing the project in the scheduled time.
Correct Answer: Cheapest critical activity
Explanation: Economic saving of time in project management is achieved by crashing the cheapest critical activity, as it minimizes the cost impact.
Correct Answer: Crash durations for all the activities along the critical path
Explanation: The crash project duration is obtained by adding the crash durations for all the activities along the critical path, as these activities determine the minimum project duration.
Correct Answer: Reducing the completion time by expending more resources
Explanation: Crashing a project involves shortening the project duration by allocating additional resources, often incurring extra costs.
Correct Answer: -2 weeks
Explanation: The slack time is calculated as the difference between the completion time and the expected time. In this case, it is -2 weeks, indicating that the project is behind schedule.
Correct Answer: Normal time
Explanation: Normal time is the duration with which direct cost does not reduce with an increase in time, representing the standard or baseline completion time.
Correct Answer: Crash time
Explanation: Crash time is the minimum time below which the duration cannot be further reduced, even with additional resources.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: The cost corresponding to crash time may involve maximizing direct cost, minimizing indirect cost, or resulting in the maximum total cost, depending on project characteristics.
Correct Answer: Between normal and crash time
Explanation: The time corresponding to the minimum total project cost typically lies between normal and crash time, balancing direct and indirect costs.
Correct Answer: Minimum
Explanation: The direct cost of a project with respect to normal time represents the baseline cost without any time compression. It is the minimum cost required to complete the project within the normal time frame.
Correct Answer: Increasing the direct cost and decreasing the indirect cost
Explanation: The reduction in project time often leads to increased direct costs due to the allocation of additional resources. However, indirect costs may decrease as the project is completed more quickly.
Correct Answer: Crash cost – Normal cost / Normal time – Crash time
Explanation: The cost-slope, also known as the cost gradient, is defined as the difference between crash cost and normal cost divided by the difference in normal time and crash time.
Correct Answer: U-shaped curve
Explanation: The total cost versus time curve of an activity typically follows a U-shaped pattern, where total cost is minimized at a certain point, indicating the optimum duration.
Correct Answer: Cost of materials and wages of labor
Explanation: Direct costs of a project are those directly associated with the construction, such as materials and wages of labor.
Correct Answer: Increases with duration
Explanation: Indirect costs typically increase with the duration of the project, as they include expenses like overheads and other associated costs.
Correct Answer: Direct cost and indirect cost
Explanation: The total cost of a project includes both direct costs (e.g., materials, labor) and indirect costs (e.g., overheads, administrative expenses).
Correct Answer: Initially reduces with time and then increases with further increases
Explanation: The total project cost may initially reduce as the project duration decreases due to reduced indirect costs. However, it may increase again if further time reduction leads to higher direct costs.
Correct Answer: Least cost slope
Explanation: Crashing activities along the critical path usually starts with the activity having the least cost slope, as it represents the most cost-effective way to reduce project duration.
Correct Answer: An organized teamwork to achieve a set task within the time limit
Explanation: A project is an organized effort involving teamwork to achieve specific objectives within a defined time frame.
Correct Answer: Before the start of the day’s work
Explanation: “Tool Box Talk” is conducted before the start of the day’s work to discuss safety measures and ensure a safe working environment.
Correct Answer: Nepal Engineer’s Association, district unit
Explanation: The district rate finalizing committee typically includes representatives from various stakeholders but not necessarily from the Nepal Engineer’s Association, district unit.
Correct Answer: The compilation of all the documents during project implementation
Explanation: The completion report includes a compilation of all relevant documents, such as bills, variations, and as-built drawings, providing a comprehensive overview of the project implementation.
Correct Answer: To pay wages of workers employed on a daily basis
Explanation: Muster rolls are used to record the attendance of workers employed on a daily basis and facilitate the payment of their wages.
Correct Answer: call for bidding, bid submission and contract award
Explanation: The key dates in a standard contracting procedure typically include the call for bidding, bid submission, and contract award phases, highlighting the important milestones in the procurement process.
Correct Answer: Amicable settlement
Explanation: Amicable settlement refers to the resolution of disputes through discussion and negotiation among all involved parties, leading to a consensus and avoiding more formal dispute resolution mechanisms.
Correct Answer: An activity
Explanation: In Critical Path Method (CPM), an activity refers to a specific task or work element that needs to be performed within the project, representing the actual work that takes place.
Correct Answer: Engineering, procurement, and construction
Explanation: An EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) contract is a type of construction contract where the contractor is responsible for the engineering design, procurement of materials, and construction of the project.
Correct Answer: Before contract agreement to successful bidders
Explanation: Performance security is typically required from successful bidders before the contract agreement is finalized. It serves as a guarantee of the contractor’s performance.
Correct Answer: Corrupt practice
Explanation: Corrupt practice involves offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting anything of value to influence improperly the actions of another party in a project or contract context.
Correct Answer: Chief engineer (DG)
Explanation: The final technical authority of a project is often the Chief Engineer (Designated Government), who holds the ultimate responsibility for technical decisions and approvals.
Correct Answer: National Building Codes (NBC)
Explanation: The National Building Codes (NBC) are commonly used in Nepal for building construction and design standards.
Correct Answer: Notice to proceed
Explanation: The contractor can commence construction works after receiving the “Notice to Proceed,” which is an official communication authorizing the contractor to start the project.
Correct Answer: Site supervisor
Explanation: The site supervisor is often responsible for initiating most of the works related to the measurement of items and recording entries in the measurement book.
Correct Answer: Both of the above
Explanation: Force majeure refers to the occurrence of an unforeseen event beyond the control of both parties in a contract, preventing them from fulfilling their obligations.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Inspection of construction works for quality control involves various activities, including sampling, examination, and field testing of materials, testing specimens in the laboratory, and observing construction equipment and plant.
Correct Answer: Owner using his own tools, staff, equipment, etc.
Explanation: “The Force Account” or AMANAT is a method where the owner carries out the construction work using its own tools, staff, and equipment.
Correct Answer: Earned value
Explanation: Earned value is an advanced technique used in modern construction progress review. It integrates cost, schedule, and work performance to provide a comprehensive view of project progress.
Correct Answer: Program Evaluation and Review Technique
Explanation: PERT stands for Program Evaluation and Review Technique, which is a method used for planning and managing projects.
Correct Answer: Scheduling a project
Explanation: Gantt charts are used for scheduling projects by visually representing the timing and duration of various project activities.
Correct Answer: Cost Estimate
Explanation: A cost estimate is not typically part of a contract agreement. Instead, it is a detailed approximation of the costs involved in a project and is often used during the bidding or negotiation phase.
Correct Answer: Daywork is a means by which a contractor is paid for specifically instructed work-cost of labor, materials, and plant
Explanation: Daywork is a method of compensation where a contractor is paid for the actual work performed, often used for work that cannot be accurately quantified in advance.
Correct Answer: For all activities required to start the work at the site
Explanation: Mobilization advance is given to a contractor to cover various activities needed to start the work at the site, including the preparation of equipment, staff, and other resources.
Correct Answer: Time versus activity
Explanation: A bar chart is drawn to represent the schedule of activities against time, providing a visual representation of the project timeline.
Correct Answer: Engineer
Explanation: The overall in-charge of an organization at the site responsible for the execution of works is generally referred to as the engineer.
FAQs on Civil Engineering: Construction Management
▸ Why should I learn to solve questions on Construction Management?
Learning and practising questions on Construction Management can enhance your skills and knowledge, helping you clear interviews, competitive exams, and entrance tests with confidence.
▸ Where can I get questions and answers on Construction Management?
You can find numerous questions and answers on Construction Management on gkaim.com, which provide solved examples and detailed explanations.
▸ Where can I get MCQ-type interview questions and answers on Civil Engineering: Construction Management?
You can find multiple-choice questions and answers on Construction Management for placement interviews and competitive exams on various online educational platforms but the main platform is www.gkaim.com.
▸ How do I download the questions and answers section on Construction Management in PDF format?
Many educational websites, including gkaim.com, offer the option to download quiz questions and answers on Construction Management as PDF files or eBooks for offline study.
▸ How do I solve quiz problems based on Construction Management?
You can solve quiz problems on Construction Management by practising exercises, learning shortcuts and tricks, and reviewing detailed solutions provided by educational resources.
▸ What are the key topics covered in Construction Management?
The key topics include project planning, scheduling, cost estimation, resource management, construction methods, and quality control. Understanding these topics is essential for successful construction project management.
▸ How can I improve my knowledge in Construction Management?
Improving your knowledge in Construction Management can be achieved by regularly practising MCQs, studying relevant textbooks, and solving previous years’ question papers.
▸ Are there any mock tests available for Construction Management?
Yes, www.gkaim.com offer mock tests for Construction Management to help you prepare effectively for exams and interviews.
▸ How do I prepare for competitive exams with a focus on Construction Management?
To prepare for competitive exams with a focus on Construction Management, start by understanding the syllabus and key topics. Regularly practise MCQs, take mock tests, and review detailed solutions. Joining online forums and study groups can also help you stay updated with the latest exam trends and strategies. Additionally, refer to standard textbooks and materials recommended by experts in the field.
▸ What resources are best for mastering Construction Management concepts?
Mastering Construction Management concepts requires a combination of the right resources and consistent practice. Start with standard textbooks such as ‘Construction Project Management’ by K.K. Chitkara and ‘Construction Planning and Management’ by P.S. Gahlot and B.M. Dhir. Online platforms like Coursera, edX, and NPTEL offer courses by industry experts. Additionally, solving previous years’ question papers and taking mock tests available on educational websites like gkaim.com can significantly enhance your understanding and application of concepts. Participating in webinars and workshops related to construction management can provide practical insights and keep you updated with the latest industry practices.
▸ How is the content structured on GK Aim for Construction Management MCQs?
On GK Aim, Construction Management MCQs are uploaded in parts. Each post contains 100 MCQs, divided into pages within the same post (10 pages with 10 MCQs each). Navigation buttons for all parts are provided at the top of each post for easy access.
▸ How can I navigate between different parts of the Construction Management MCQs?
Navigation buttons for all parts of the Construction Management MCQs are provided at the top of each post. You can click on any part to directly access the post you want to study.
▸ Why are the Construction Management MCQs divided into parts on GK Aim?
The Construction Management MCQs are divided into parts to make the content more manageable and easier to navigate. Each part contains 100 MCQs, allowing for focused study sessions and efficient revision.
@Mairaj
Please help us to make our platform neat and clean.
I would like to request you that please mind your language.
thankyou
Sorry sir, I m really sorry
Discussing about Que no:
96. Which of the following is not a part of a contract agreement?
Anyone is here who can help me bcz m very weak
I can help you dear