Correct Answer: World Health Organization
Explanation: WHO stands for World Health Organization, which is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
Correct Answer: 1948
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) was established on April 7, 1948, with its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.
Correct Answer: Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Explanation: Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus from Ethiopia is the current Director-General of the World Health Organization, serving since 2017.
Correct Answer: Eradicating poverty
Explanation: While poverty reduction is indirectly related to WHO’s goals, it is not explicitly one of its primary objectives.
Correct Answer: Geneva, Switzerland
Explanation: The headquarters of the World Health Organization (WHO) is located in Geneva, Switzerland.
Correct Answer: 193
Explanation: As of 2022, there are 193 member states in the World Health Organization.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: UNESCO, WHO, and IMF are all specialized agencies of the United Nations.
Correct Answer: 1946
Explanation: The first World Health Assembly was held in 1946, preceding the establishment of the World Health Organization by two years.
Correct Answer: Setting international health standards
Explanation: The primary role of the WHO is to set international health standards and norms, provide technical support to countries, and coordinate responses to health emergencies.
Correct Answer: Malaria
Explanation: Malaria has not been eradicated by the WHO. While significant progress has been made, it remains a major global health challenge.
Correct Answer: World War II
Explanation: World War II brought about significant destruction and devastation globally, highlighting the urgent need for international cooperation in public health. The widespread suffering caused by the war, including the spread of diseases and lack of healthcare infrastructure in many regions, underscored the necessity for a coordinated global response to health challenges. As a result, the international community recognized the imperative for establishing an organization dedicated to promoting health and combating diseases worldwide, leading to the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO).
Correct Answer: San Francisco Conference
Explanation: The San Francisco Conference held in 1945 was instrumental in laying the groundwork for the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO). Representatives from various countries convened at this conference to draft the United Nations Charter, which included provisions for the creation of specialized agencies, including one focused on international public health. Discussions at the San Francisco Conference emphasized the importance of cooperation in addressing health challenges, paving the way for the formation of the WHO later that year.
Correct Answer: 1945
Explanation: The International Health Conference was held in 1945 in the aftermath of World War II. Representatives from 61 countries gathered to discuss global health issues and propose the establishment of a specialized agency within the United Nations framework to address public health challenges. The discussions and resolutions adopted at this conference laid the foundation for the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO) later that year, marking a significant milestone in international health cooperation.
Correct Answer: Dr. Brock Chisholm
Explanation: Dr. Brock Chisholm, a Canadian psychiatrist, was appointed as the first Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948. Chisholm played a crucial role in shaping the early priorities and strategies of the WHO, emphasizing the organization’s commitment to promoting health as a fundamental human right and advocating for the integration of mental health into public health agendas.
Correct Answer: 61
Explanation: Representatives from 61 countries attended the International Health Conference held in 1945, demonstrating widespread international interest and commitment to addressing global health challenges. The diversity of perspectives and experiences represented at the conference underscored the universal nature of health issues and the need for collective action to improve public health outcomes worldwide.
Correct Answer: San Francisco
Explanation: The International Health Conference in 1945 was hosted in San Francisco, California, USA. The choice of San Francisco as the venue for the conference reflected the city’s significance as a hub for international diplomacy and cooperation, particularly in the aftermath of World War II, when global leaders sought to establish frameworks for peace, security, and collaboration in various domains, including public health.
Correct Answer: World Health Charter
Explanation: The World Health Charter, adopted at the International Health Conference in 1946, established the framework for the World Health Organization (WHO) and outlined its objectives, principles, and functions. The charter affirmed health as a fundamental human right and emphasized the importance of international cooperation in addressing health challenges, setting the stage for the WHO’s role in promoting global health and well-being.
Correct Answer: 51
Explanation: Initially, 51 countries signed the Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) on July 22, 1946, signaling their commitment to supporting the newly established global health agency and its mission to promote health, prevent diseases, and improve health equity worldwide. Over time, the membership of the WHO has expanded significantly, reflecting growing international recognition of the importance of collective action in public health.
Correct Answer: League of Nations Health Organization
Explanation: The League of Nations Health Organization (LNHO) served as the predecessor to the World Health Organization (WHO). Established in 1923, the LNHO aimed to coordinate international efforts to combat infectious diseases and improve public health outcomes following the devastation of World War I. However, the LNHO faced challenges in achieving its objectives due to limited resources and political tensions, leading to its dissolution in 1946 and the subsequent establishment of the WHO.
Correct Answer: July 22, 1948
Explanation: The Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) came into force on July 22, 1948, marking the official establishment of the WHO as a specialized agency of the United Nations. This significant milestone affirmed the commitment of member states to working together to address global health challenges and improve the health and well-being of populations worldwide.
Correct Answer: League of Nations Health Organization
Explanation: The League of Nations Health Organization (LNHO) served as the predecessor to the World Health Organization (WHO). Established in 1923, the LNHO aimed to coordinate international efforts to combat infectious diseases and improve public health outcomes following the devastation of World War I. The LNHO’s experiences and challenges provided valuable lessons that informed the creation and structure of the WHO.
Correct Answer: Establishing a global health organization
Explanation: The primary focus of the International Health Conference held in 1945 was to establish a global health organization under the auspices of the United Nations. Representatives from various countries gathered to discuss the need for international cooperation in addressing public health challenges and proposed the creation of a specialized agency dedicated to promoting health and combating diseases worldwide.
Correct Answer: San Francisco
Explanation: The International Health Conference that laid the groundwork for the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO) was hosted in San Francisco, California, USA, in 1945. San Francisco was chosen as the venue due to its significance as a hub for international diplomacy and cooperation, particularly in the aftermath of World War II.
Correct Answer: World Health Charter
Explanation: The World Health Charter, adopted at the International Health Conference in 1946, established the framework for the World Health Organization (WHO) and outlined its objectives, principles, and functions. The charter affirmed health as a fundamental human right and emphasized the importance of international cooperation in addressing health challenges, setting the stage for the WHO’s role in promoting global health and well-being.
Correct Answer: 1948
Explanation: The Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) came into force on July 22, 1948, marking the official establishment of the WHO as a specialized agency of the United Nations. This significant milestone affirmed the commitment of member states to working together to address global health challenges and improve the health and well-being of populations worldwide.
Correct Answer: Dr. Brock Chisholm
Explanation: Dr. Brock Chisholm, a Canadian psychiatrist, was appointed as the first Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948. Chisholm played a crucial role in shaping the early priorities and strategies of the WHO, emphasizing the organization’s commitment to promoting health as a fundamental human right and advocating for the integration of mental health into public health agendas.
Correct Answer: San Francisco Declaration
Explanation: The San Francisco Declaration, adopted at the International Health Conference in 1945, served as a precursor to the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO). The declaration underscored the importance of international cooperation in health matters and laid the groundwork for the drafting of the World Health Charter, which ultimately led to the formation of the WHO.
Correct Answer: World War II
Explanation: World War II prompted the international community to recognize the need for a global health organization due to the widespread devastation and health challenges caused by the war. The urgent need for international cooperation in addressing public health issues became evident, leading to discussions and initiatives aimed at establishing a specialized agency within the United Nations to promote health and combat diseases worldwide.
Correct Answer: Establishing a global health organization
Explanation: The primary objective of the International Health Conference held in 1945 was to establish a global health organization under the auspices of the United Nations. Representatives from various countries convened to discuss the need for international cooperation in addressing public health challenges and proposed the creation of a specialized agency dedicated to promoting health and combating diseases worldwide.
Correct Answer: League of Nations Health Organization
Explanation: The League of Nations Health Organization (LNHO) played a key role in coordinating international health efforts before the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO). Established in 1923, the LNHO aimed to combat infectious diseases and improve public health outcomes following World War I. However, it faced challenges and limitations, leading to its dissolution and the subsequent creation of the WHO to address evolving global health needs.
Correct Answer: To promote health, keep the world safe, and serve the vulnerable
Explanation: The primary mission of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to promote health, prevent diseases, and address health emergencies globally. It aims to achieve this by providing leadership on global health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and standards, providing technical support to countries, and monitoring health trends.
Correct Answer: Providing direct healthcare services
Explanation: Providing direct healthcare services is not one of WHO’s core functions. Instead, WHO focuses on setting norms and standards, providing technical support to countries, monitoring health trends, shaping the health research agenda, coordinating responses to health emergencies, and advocating for policies that promote health and well-being.
Correct Answer: To ensure access to essential healthcare services for all individuals and communities
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) aims to ensure access to essential healthcare services for all individuals and communities as part of its overarching goal concerning universal health coverage (UHC). UHC means that all people and communities can use the promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and palliative health services they need, of sufficient quality to be effective, while also ensuring that the use of these services does not expose them to financial hardship.
Correct Answer: Setting priorities and standards for health research to address global health challenges
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) plays a key role in shaping the global health research agenda by setting priorities and standards for health research to address global health challenges. This includes identifying research gaps, promoting collaboration among researchers and institutions, and advocating for increased funding for research in areas that have the greatest potential to improve public health outcomes worldwide.
Correct Answer: Coordinating international efforts and providing technical assistance to affected countries
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) plays a crucial role in coordinating responses to health emergencies by mobilizing international efforts, providing technical assistance and guidance to affected countries, coordinating the deployment of resources and personnel, facilitating information sharing, and supporting research and development efforts for new vaccines and treatments.
Correct Answer: The right to the highest attainable standard of health
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) considers the right to the highest attainable standard of health as a fundamental human right. This means that all individuals and communities have the right to enjoy the highest standard of physical and mental health, including access to timely, acceptable, and affordable healthcare services, as well as access to safe and nutritious food, clean water, and adequate sanitation.
Correct Answer: Ensuring a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems
Explanation: The primary focus of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning health emergencies is to ensure a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems. This includes coordinating international efforts, providing technical assistance and guidance to affected countries, mobilizing resources, and facilitating information sharing to address health threats and emergencies effectively.
Correct Answer: Health equity is a priority, and efforts should be made to reduce disparities in health outcomes within and between countries
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) considers health equity a priority, and efforts should be made to reduce disparities in health outcomes within and between countries. WHO works to address social determinants of health, such as poverty, education, and access to healthcare, to promote health equity and reduce health inequalities worldwide.
Correct Answer: Reducing the burden of diseases and promoting healthy lifestyles
Explanation: The primary goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning the prevention and control of diseases is to reduce the burden of diseases and promote healthy lifestyles. This includes efforts to prevent and control both communicable and non-communicable diseases, promote vaccination, improve access to essential medicines, and address risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity.
Correct Answer: Addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) adopts a holistic approach to promoting health globally by addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health. This approach recognizes that health outcomes are influenced by factors beyond medical interventions, such as income, education, housing, access to clean water and sanitation, and environmental conditions. WHO works to address these determinants to improve health and well-being for all individuals and communities worldwide.
Correct Answer: To provide direct healthcare services to individuals
Explanation: Providing direct healthcare services to individuals is not one of the primary objectives of the World Health Organization (WHO). Instead, WHO focuses on promoting health and well-being, preventing diseases, responding to health emergencies, setting norms and standards, providing technical support to countries, and monitoring health trends.
Correct Answer: Establishing guidelines and standards for health-related practices and interventions
Explanation: One of the primary functions of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning setting norms and standards is to establish guidelines and standards for health-related practices and interventions. This includes developing evidence-based recommendations, protocols, and technical guidance to guide member states in improving health outcomes and delivering quality healthcare services.
Correct Answer: Offering expertise, guidance, and capacity-building support to strengthen health systems and improve health outcomes
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) provides technical support to countries by offering expertise, guidance, and capacity-building support to strengthen health systems and improve health outcomes. This includes assisting countries in developing healthcare policies, strategies, and programs, building healthcare infrastructure, training healthcare workers, and facilitating knowledge sharing and best practices exchange.
Correct Answer: Health-related trends and developments
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) monitors health-related trends and developments to assess global health status, track progress towards health-related goals and targets, identify emerging health threats and challenges, and inform evidence-based policy-making and decision-making at the global, regional, and national levels.
Correct Answer: Ensuring a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems
Explanation: One of the primary goals of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning health emergencies is to ensure a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems. This includes mobilizing international efforts, providing technical assistance and guidance to affected countries, coordinating the deployment of resources and personnel, facilitating information sharing, and supporting research and development efforts for new vaccines and treatments.
Correct Answer: The right to the highest attainable standard of health
Explanation: The World Health Organization (WHO) considers the right to the highest attainable standard of health as a fundamental human right. This means that all individuals and communities have the right to enjoy the highest standard of physical and mental health, including access to timely, acceptable, and affordable healthcare services, as well as access to safe and nutritious food, clean water, and adequate sanitation.
Correct Answer: Advocating for policies and interventions to address health inequalities and promote health equity
Explanation: One of the key roles of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning health inequalities and health equity is advocating for policies and interventions to address health inequalities and promote health equity. WHO works to address social determinants of health, such as poverty, education, and access to healthcare, to promote health equity and reduce health disparities within and between countries.
Correct Answer: Reducing the burden of diseases and promoting healthy lifestyles
Explanation: One of the primary goals of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning the prevention and control of diseases is to reduce the burden of diseases and promote healthy lifestyles. This includes efforts to prevent and control both communicable and non-communicable diseases, promote vaccination, improve access to essential medicines, and address risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity.
Correct Answer: Addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health
Explanation: One of the key approaches of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning promoting health globally is addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health. This approach recognizes that health outcomes are influenced by factors beyond medical interventions, such as income, education, housing, access to clean water and sanitation, and environmental conditions. WHO works to address these determinants to improve health and well-being for all individuals and communities worldwide.
Correct Answer: Ensuring a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems
Explanation: One of the key functions of the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning responding to health emergencies is ensuring a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems. This includes mobilizing international efforts, providing technical assistance and guidance to affected countries, coordinating the deployment of resources and personnel, facilitating information sharing, and supporting research and development efforts for new vaccines and treatments.
Correct Answer: Setting norms, standards, and guidelines for global health issues
Explanation: WHO’s role in global health governance primarily involves setting norms, standards, and guidelines for addressing global health issues. This includes establishing evidence-based recommendations, protocols, and technical guidance to guide member states in addressing health challenges and improving health outcomes worldwide.
Correct Answer: Coordinating international efforts to address health challenges
Explanation: One of the key functions of WHO concerning global health governance is coordinating international efforts to address health challenges. This includes mobilizing partnerships, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, facilitating information sharing, and promoting solidarity and collective action to improve health outcomes and address global health threats.
Correct Answer: Promoting health equity and addressing health inequalities
Explanation: WHO plays a crucial role in advocating for health as a fundamental human right by promoting health equity and addressing health inequalities. This includes advocating for policies and interventions to address social determinants of health, such as poverty, education, and access to healthcare, to ensure that all individuals and communities have the opportunity to achieve the highest attainable standard of health.
Correct Answer: Promoting health and well-being for all individuals and communities
Explanation: One of the primary objectives of WHO concerning global health governance is promoting health and well-being for all individuals and communities. This includes advocating for policies and strategies that address health determinants, prevent diseases, and improve access to essential healthcare services, with a focus on achieving health equity and reducing health disparities.
Correct Answer: Transparent and inclusive decision-making processes
Explanation: WHO emphasizes transparent and inclusive decision-making processes in its efforts to strengthen global health governance. This includes engaging stakeholders from member states, civil society organizations, academia, and the private sector in decision-making processes, promoting accountability, and ensuring that diverse perspectives and voices are considered in shaping global health policies and strategies.
Correct Answer: Equity and solidarity in health
Explanation: Equity and solidarity in health are key principles underlying WHO’s role in global health governance. WHO works to ensure that all individuals and communities have equal opportunities to achieve the highest attainable standard of health, regardless of socioeconomic status, geography, or other factors, and promotes solidarity and collaboration among member states to address global health challenges collectively.
Correct Answer: Setting priorities and standards for health research to address global health challenges
Explanation: WHO plays a key role in shaping the global health research agenda by setting priorities and standards for health research to address global health challenges. This includes identifying research gaps, promoting collaboration among researchers and institutions, and advocating for increased funding for research in areas that have the greatest potential to improve public health outcomes worldwide.
Correct Answer: Ensuring a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems
Explanation: One of the key responsibilities of WHO concerning global health governance during health emergencies is ensuring a coordinated and effective response to emergencies to save lives and minimize the impact on health systems. This includes mobilizing international efforts, providing technical assistance and guidance to affected countries, coordinating the deployment of resources and personnel, facilitating information sharing, and supporting research and development efforts for new vaccines and treatments.
Correct Answer: Strengthening health systems to deliver equitable, accessible, and quality healthcare services
Explanation: WHO aims to strengthen health systems to deliver equitable, accessible, and quality healthcare services as part of global health governance. This includes supporting countries in improving health infrastructure, healthcare workforce capacity, health information systems, access to essential medicines, and financing mechanisms to ensure that all individuals and communities have access to the healthcare services they need.
Correct Answer: Addressing social determinants of health to reduce health inequalities
Explanation: One of the key roles of WHO concerning global health governance in promoting health equity is addressing social determinants of health to reduce health inequalities. WHO works to address factors such as poverty, education, housing, access to healthcare, and environmental conditions that contribute to health disparities within and between countries, with a focus on achieving health equity and ensuring that all individuals and communities have the opportunity to achieve the highest attainable standard of health.
Correct Answer: World Health Assembly (WHA)
Explanation: The World Health Assembly (WHA) serves as the highest decision-making authority of the World Health Organization (WHO). It is attended by delegations from all WHO member states and meets annually to set policies, approve the budget, and appoint the Director-General.
Correct Answer: Advising the Director-General on health matters
Explanation: The primary function of the Executive Board of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to advise the Director-General on health matters and facilitate the implementation of decisions and policies adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA).
Correct Answer: WHO Pacific Region (PACRO)
Explanation: While the WHO has regional offices covering Africa (AFRO), Europe (EURO), the Americas (AMRO), South-East Asia (SEARO), and the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), there is no specific “WHO Pacific Region (PACRO)”.
Correct Answer: Drafting policies and guidelines
Explanation: The main function of the WHO Secretariat is to draft policies and guidelines, provide technical support to member states, coordinate international partnerships, and oversee the day-to-day operations of the organization.
Correct Answer: Health Emergencies Programme (WHE)
Explanation: The Health Emergencies Programme (WHE) is responsible for coordinating international health responses during emergencies at the global level. It works to prevent, detect, and respond to health emergencies and provide support to countries in need.
Correct Answer: Advising governments on health policies and programs
Explanation: The primary role of WHO country offices is to advise governments on health policies and programs, provide technical assistance and support, coordinate WHO activities at the country level, and facilitate collaboration with other partners and stakeholders.
Correct Answer: Regional Committees
Explanation: Regional Committees within WHO are responsible for coordinating the organization’s work in specific geographic regions. They oversee the implementation of WHO’s policies and programs at the regional level and facilitate collaboration among member states within their respective regions.
Correct Answer: Providing leadership and direction to the organization
Explanation: The Director-General of WHO provides leadership and direction to the organization, represents WHO at the international level, sets strategic priorities, and oversees the implementation of WHO’s policies and programs.
Correct Answer: World Health Assembly (WHA)
Explanation: The World Health Assembly (WHA) is responsible for reviewing and approving WHO’s proposed program budget. It assesses the organization’s financial needs and priorities and approves the budget for the upcoming biennium.
Correct Answer: Providing technical expertise and support
Explanation: The primary function of WHO’s technical units and departments is to provide technical expertise and support to member states, develop evidence-based policies and guidelines, conduct research, and facilitate knowledge exchange to improve global health outcomes.
Correct Answer: Department of Communicable Diseases
Explanation: The Department of Communicable Diseases within WHO is primarily responsible for coordinating efforts to prevent and control diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other communicable diseases of global concern.
Correct Answer: Department of Health Systems Governance and Financing
Explanation: The Department of Health Systems Governance and Financing within WHO focuses on providing guidance and support for countries in strengthening their health systems, governance structures, and financing mechanisms to improve access to essential healthcare services.
Correct Answer: Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse
Explanation: The Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse within WHO leads the organization’s efforts to address mental health issues and substance abuse globally, providing guidance, technical support, and advocacy for mental health promotion and prevention of substance use disorders.
Correct Answer: Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health
Explanation: The Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health within WHO focuses on promoting the health and well-being of women, children, and adolescents globally by providing guidance, technical support, and advocacy for maternal and child health, adolescent health, and reproductive health services.
Correct Answer: Department of Noncommunicable Diseases
Explanation: The Department of Noncommunicable Diseases within WHO is primarily responsible for addressing the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases by providing guidance, technical support, and advocacy for prevention and control measures.
Correct Answer: Department of Social Determinants of Health
Explanation: The Department of Social Determinants of Health within WHO plays a key role in promoting health equity and addressing social determinants of health globally by advocating for policies and interventions that address the underlying socioeconomic factors influencing health outcomes.
Correct Answer: Department of Health Promotion
Explanation: The Department of Health Promotion within WHO focuses on promoting healthy behaviors, preventing diseases, and addressing risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity by providing guidance, technical support, and advocacy for health promotion strategies and interventions.
Correct Answer: Health Emergencies Programme
Explanation: The Health Emergencies Programme within WHO is responsible for coordinating efforts to address health emergencies and strengthen countries’ capacities to respond to outbreaks and disasters, providing technical support, mobilizing resources, and facilitating international cooperation.
Correct Answer: Department of Environmental Health
Explanation: The Department of Environmental Health within WHO focuses on addressing environmental determinants of health, promoting sustainable development, and mitigating health risks associated with environmental pollution, climate change, and other environmental factors.
Correct Answer: Tobacco Free Initiative
Explanation: The Tobacco Free Initiative within WHO plays a key role in advocating for policies and interventions to address the global burden of tobacco use and promote tobacco control, supporting countries in implementing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and reducing tobacco-related morbidity and mortality.
Correct Answer: World Health Assembly (WHA)
Explanation: The World Health Assembly (WHA) serves as the highest decision-making authority of the World Health Organization (WHO). It is attended by delegations from all WHO member states and meets annually to set policies, approve the budget, and appoint the Director-General.
Correct Answer: Delegations from all WHO member states
Explanation: Delegations from all WHO member states are eligible to attend the World Health Assembly (WHA). This includes representatives from both high-income and low-income countries, as well as observers from non-member states and international organizations.
Correct Answer: Advising the Director-General on health matters
Explanation: The primary function of the Executive Board of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to advise the Director-General on health matters and facilitate the implementation of decisions and policies adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA).
Correct Answer: Annually
Explanation: The World Health Assembly (WHA) meets annually to set policies, approve the budget, and appoint the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO). It is attended by delegations from all WHO member states.
Correct Answer: World Health Assembly (WHA)
Explanation: The World Health Assembly (WHA) is responsible for reviewing and approving WHO’s proposed program budget. It assesses the organization’s financial needs and priorities and approves the budget for the upcoming biennium.
Correct Answer: Chairing the meetings and representing WHO
Explanation: The Director-General of WHO chairs the meetings of the World Health Assembly (WHA) and represents the organization at the assembly. The Director-General provides leadership and direction to the assembly, facilitates discussions, and ensures that decisions are implemented effectively.
Correct Answer: Coordinating WHO’s work in specific geographic regions
Explanation: The primary function of WHO’s regional committees is to coordinate WHO’s work in specific geographic regions. They oversee the implementation of WHO’s policies and programs at the regional level and facilitate collaboration among member states within their respective regions.
Correct Answer: By consensus among member states
Explanation: Decisions within the World Health Assembly (WHA) are typically made by consensus among member states. However, in cases where consensus cannot be reached, decisions may be made by a simple majority vote.
Correct Answer: Advising the Director-General on health matters
Explanation: The Executive Board of WHO advises the Director-General on health matters and facilitates the implementation of decisions and policies adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA).
Correct Answer: Implementing decisions and policies
Explanation: The primary responsibility of WHO’s Secretariat during decision-making processes is to implement decisions and policies adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA) and the Executive Board. The Secretariat provides technical support, coordinates activities, and oversees the implementation of WHO’s programs and initiatives.
Correct Answer: Space exploration
Explanation: While WHO addresses a wide range of health issues, space exploration is not considered a priority health area within its mandate.
Correct Answer: Preventing and controlling outbreaks of diseases such as Ebola and Zika
Explanation: One of the key priority areas addressed by WHO concerning infectious diseases is preventing and controlling outbreaks of diseases such as Ebola, Zika, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other communicable diseases of global concern.
Correct Answer: Preventing and controlling diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases
Explanation: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases are a major focus area of WHO, with efforts aimed at prevention, control, and management.
Correct Answer: Reducing maternal and child mortality
Explanation: One of the key priority areas addressed by WHO concerning maternal and child health is reducing maternal and child mortality rates through improved access to healthcare services, skilled birth attendance, essential interventions, and health promotion strategies.
Correct Answer: Ensuring access to quality healthcare services for all individuals and communities
Explanation: WHO’s efforts to promote universal health coverage (UHC) focus on ensuring access to quality healthcare services for all individuals and communities, regardless of their ability to pay, thereby addressing health disparities and promoting health equity.
Correct Answer: Promoting mental well-being, preventing mental disorders, and ensuring access to mental healthcare services
Explanation: Mental health is a major focus area of WHO, with efforts aimed at promoting mental well-being, preventing mental disorders, reducing stigma, and ensuring access to quality mental healthcare services.
Correct Answer: Promoting space exploration
Explanation: While WHO addresses environmental health issues such as addressing climate change, ensuring access to safe water and sanitation, and preventing and controlling vector-borne diseases, promoting space exploration is not a major focus area within its mandate.
Correct Answer: Preventing and controlling malnutrition and promoting healthy diets
Explanation: One of the key priority areas addressed by WHO concerning nutrition is preventing and controlling malnutrition, including both undernutrition and overnutrition, and promoting healthy diets to improve health outcomes and well-being.
Correct Answer: Preventing and controlling outbreaks of infectious diseases
Explanation: Health emergencies, including outbreaks of infectious diseases, are a major focus area of WHO, with efforts aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to health emergencies to protect public health and save lives.
Correct Answer: Empowering individuals and communities to take control of their health and well-being
Explanation: One of the key priority areas addressed by WHO concerning health promotion is empowering individuals and communities to take control of their health and well-being through education, advocacy, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles and behaviors.