Body Fluids and Circulation Mock Test – Class 11 Biology

1. Three formed-element populations are selectively removed from separate blood samples. Removal of Population P sharply reduces respiratory-gas carrying capacity. Removal of Population Q reduces phagocytosis by the most abundant leucocyte but leaves haemoglobin concentration and platelet count unchanged. Removal of Population R markedly delays coagulation. Population Q is most likely:

2. After a mixed meal, absorbed glucose and amino acids enter blood capillaries of the intestinal region, while a large proportion of absorbed fats enters lacteals. Which route comparison is correct?

3. A parcel of blood passes through the following sites.
P. Right atrium
Q. Lung capillaries
R. Left ventricle
S. Right ventricle
T. Systemic tissue capillaries
U. Left atrium
Which option gives both the correct order and the sites where oxygenation rises and later falls?

4. Evaluate the following statements about the notation .
I. The upper value represents systolic pressure.
II. The lower value represents diastolic pressure.
III. Systolic pressure is associated with ventricular pumping.
IV. Diastolic pressure is associated with the resting or relaxation phase.

5. In a model heart, the interatrial and interventricular septa are intact. The fibrous partition between the atria and ventricles is present, but both normal same-side atrioventricular openings are experimentally sealed. The expected result is:

6. A graph plots ECG activity against time before and during increased parasympathetic influence. SAN firing is experimentally kept unchanged. During stimulation, P waves occur at the same frequency, but each QRS complex appears later after its preceding P wave; no impulses are completely blocked. Which interpretation is most accurate?

7. Arrange the route followed by blood in the single circulation of a fish.
P. Oxygenated blood reaches body tissues.
Q. The ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood toward the gills.
R. Deoxygenated blood returns from the body to the atrium.
S. Blood becomes oxygenated at the gills.

8. Blood samples are taken from four sites in a healthy person.

Which conclusion is best supported by the complete pattern?

9. Match each structure with the next major destination of blood leaving it. A Column II entry is used once.

10. In an experimental blood sample, plasma clotting factors that normally circulate in inactive forms are maintained continuously in their active forms even without vessel injury. Platelet number, fibrinogen concentration and remain normal. Which outcome is most likely?

11. Let represent stroke volume, heart rate and cardiac output. Which relation and unit interpretation are correct?

12. Use the integrated arrangement described below. Blood in Capillary P loses water and small solutes into Tissue Space Q. Excess fluid enters Lymphatic Vessel R and later returns to a major vein. The venous blood reaches Chamber S, passes to Chamber T and is pumped toward the lungs. Which identification is correct?

13. Assertion: Blood is classified as a specialised connective tissue.
Reason: Complex organisms use internal body fluids to transport materials.

14. During auscultation, lub is present, ventricular ejection occurs, but dub is markedly absent. A valve defect also permits blood to return from the arteries into the ventricles during relaxation. The affected structures are most likely:

15. During cardiac-valve examination, Valve P is found between the right atrium and right ventricle and has three cusps. Valve Q lies between the left atrium and left ventricle and has two cusps. The valves are:

16. Two tracers are introduced into a tissue capillary. Tracer P is a small water-soluble molecule and soon appears in the fluid around nearby cells. Tracer Q is attached to a large plasma protein and remains mainly within the vessel. The observations support the inference that:

17. A patient has repeated resting blood pressure near . Months later, exertional chest pain develops because narrowed coronary vessels cannot supply enough oxygen to the myocardium. The heart continues beating and no sudden muscle death is demonstrated. Which interpretation is most accurate?

18. Cardiac responses under two autonomic conditions are recorded.

Which interpretation is most accurate?

19. Let represent the number of times blood passes through the heart during one complete circuit. Which relation correctly compares fish circulation with double circulation?

20. Two clear fluids are obtained from the same blood sample. Fluid P retains fibrinogen and other inactive clotting factors. Fluid Q is the liquid remaining after clot formation and removal of the clot. Which identification is valid?

21. Complete the pressure relations for normal valve movement. At the beginning of ventricular systole, atrioventricular valves close when . Later, semilunar valves open when .

22. During delivery of a first Rh-positive child, no fetal erythrocytes enter the circulation of the Rh-negative mother, and she has no other Rh-positive exposure. What is the most likely consequence?

23. A biological material contains an abundant non-living fluid matrix in which cells and cell fragments remain suspended, and it transports substances between distant body regions. Its most appropriate tissue classification is:

24. Assertion: Serum is not equivalent to pure water.
Reason: Serum is produced by removing all plasma proteins from plasma.

25. Match each structure or fluid with its most appropriate relation. A Column II entry is used once.

26. Three patients show different cardiac conditions.

Which classification is correct?

27. Four samples have the following total WBC and eosinophil counts.

Which sample has eosinophils within the approximate normal range?

28. A sensitised recipient has blood group A, Rh negative. Four erythrocyte donors are available:
P. A, Rh negative
Q. O, Rh negative
R. B, Rh negative
S. A, Rh positive
Which donors satisfy both ABO compatibility and Rh safety for this recipient?

29. A middle-aged person develops acute chest pain during exertion. The heart continues beating, but coronary blood flow cannot provide enough oxygen to part of the cardiac muscle at that time. The condition described is:

30. Two isolated beating-heart models are tested under identical conditions. Model P retains normal fluid between the two pericardial walls. In Model Q, that fluid is removed without altering the cardiac muscle. Model Q shows greater rubbing between the moving heart and its covering. The result supports the conclusion that pericardial fluid:

31. Which relationship correctly classifies the three specialised routes?

32. A graph plots cardiac output against time. At first, intrinsic rhythm is stable. During Interval P, sympathetic activity increases and output rises. During Interval Q, parasympathetic activity increases and output falls. During Interval R, adrenal-medullary hormones rise while parasympathetic influence returns to baseline, and output rises again. Which interpretation best fits the graph?

33. Consider the following statements about a normal blood clot.
I. Coagulation helps prevent excessive blood loss after vessel injury.
II. The clot contains a network of fibrin threads.
III. Damaged and dead formed elements may become trapped in the network.
IV. Albumin crystals form the principal structural framework of the clot.

34. Match each formed element with the evidence that identifies it. A Column II entry is used once.

35. A group A, Rh-negative person with previous Rh sensitisation receives compatible erythrocytes. The transfused cells then travel through systemic tissues, return to the right heart, pass through the lungs and reach the left heart. Which donor and route combination is valid?

36. Assertion: The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle toward the lungs.
Reason: Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

37. A water-soluble nutrient absorbed from the intestine follows the hepatic portal route before later reaching the left atrium. Which sequence is correct?

38. Cardiac measurements are obtained from four individuals at the same time.

Which individual has the highest cardiac output?

39. Each ventricle pumps , and stroke volume is . The heart rate is:

40. Match each blood component category with the most appropriate examples. A Column II entry is used once.

41. Match each vessel-wall component with its most appropriate description. A Column II entry is used once.

42. Sites along systemic circulation show the following characteristics.

If oxygen exchange at Site R is greatly reduced while blood flow through all sites continues, which immediate pattern is most likely?

43. Assertion: Fibrinogen is a soluble plasma protein that participates in blood coagulation.
Reason: Fibrinogen is the plasma protein primarily responsible for defence mechanisms.

44. Match each leucocyte with the most appropriate description. A Column II entry is used once.

45. Four vertebrates are compared.

Which conclusion follows from the comparison?

46. A sample has a platelet count of and a leucocyte count of . In of the same blood, which count–ratio–interpretation combination is valid?

47. The heart continues to beat but can no longer pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. Blood also tends to accumulate in the pulmonary circulation. Which consequence is most consistent with this condition?

48. Severe failure of gas exchange causes blood returning from the lungs to remain poorly oxygenated. The vessel carrying this blood to the heart is still classified as a pulmonary vein because it:

49. Tissue P, taken from the upper right region of the right atrium, generates spontaneous action potentials per minute. Tissue Q, taken from the lower right atrium near the atrioventricular septum, generates impulses less frequently. When the tissues are connected, P determines the common rhythm. This occurs mainly because:

50. Assertion: Serum cannot supply every component required for normal fibrin-clot formation.
Reason: Serum is plasma lacking clotting factors.