Correct Answer: 3350 m X 46 m
Explanation: After the extension held in 2020 AD, the runway dimensions of Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) are 3350 meters in length and 46 meters in width. Runway dimensions are crucial for accommodating various aircraft sizes and ensuring safe takeoff and landing operations.
Correct Answer: 54 F/A/W/T
Explanation: Runway surface strength is represented by the Pavement Classification Number (PCN), which includes factors related to the load-bearing capacity of the runway. The value provided (54 F/A/W/T) indicates the runway’s ability to withstand loads from aircraft, ensuring safe and efficient operations at Tribhuvan International Airport.
Correct Answer: Aircraft classification number
Explanation: ACN, or Aircraft Classification Number, is a numerical value that represents the load-carrying capacity of an aircraft for a specific pavement. It helps in assessing the compatibility of an aircraft with the strength of a given runway or taxiway.
Correct Answer: Load classification number
Explanation: LCN, or Load Classification Number, is a value assigned to the strength of a pavement structure. It represents the load-carrying capacity of the pavement and is used in aircraft pavement design.
Correct Answer: Gasoline
Explanation: Aircraft with piston engines typically use gasoline as fuel. Gasoline is a type of aviation fuel suitable for piston engines, providing the necessary energy for combustion and powering the aircraft’s propulsion system. The specific type of fuel can vary based on the aircraft’s engine design and requirements.
Correct Answer: South to north
Explanation: The runway at Tribhuvan International Airport is designed for landings from the south to the north. This one-way configuration is essential for managing air traffic and ensuring safe and efficient operations at the airport.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) of above
Explanation: Tribhuvan International Airport was previously known by two names—Tribhuvan Airport and Gauchar Airport. The dual nomenclature reflects historical changes and developments in the airport’s identity.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: A heliport serves multiple purposes, including the storage, maintenance, landing, and takeoff of helicopters. It is a designated facility designed to accommodate helicopter operations.
Correct Answer: Steel frame with GI sheet
Explanation: Hangar roofs are commonly constructed using a steel frame with a Galvanized Iron (GI) sheet covering. This design provides structural strength and protects the aircraft stored inside from environmental elements.
Correct Answer: Nose hanger
Explanation: A nose hangar is specifically designed for parking large-size aircraft. It accommodates the front (nose) section of the aircraft and provides necessary shelter and maintenance facilities.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Aircraft drainage systems serve a comprehensive function, including the removal of surface runoff, lowering sub-surface water levels, and intercepting/diverting both surface and ground water flow. These measures contribute to maintaining safe and stable ground conditions around airport facilities.
Correct Answer: 60% of runway length
Explanation: ICAO guidelines recommend that, for determining the basic runway length, an aircraft should come to a stop within 60% of the runway length. This criterion ensures that sufficient runway distance is available for safe landing and deceleration.
Correct Answer: T
Explanation: The landing direction indicator typically has a T shape. This visual aid assists pilots in determining the correct approach and landing direction based on the prevailing wind conditions.
Correct Answer: 6 & 28
Explanation: In approach lighting near the threshold, as per Calvert & ICAO standards, the number of traverse rows of lights is 6 on one side and 28 on the other. This configuration aids pilots during the approach and landing phase.
Correct Answer: Pitch angle
Explanation: The angle between the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and the horizontal axis is known as the pitch angle. This angle is crucial in understanding the orientation of the aircraft in relation to the horizontal plane.
Correct Answer: Cockpit cutoff angle
Explanation: The cockpit cutoff angle is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and an inclined plane below which the views of the pilots are obstructed by certain parts of the aircraft structure.
Correct Answer: Castor angle
Explanation: The castor angle is the angle formed by the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and the direction of movement of the nose gear. It is relevant to the steering mechanism and ground handling of the aircraft.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Aircraft are equipped with various facilities, including air conditioning systems, fire extinguishers, and pressure compensators, to ensure the safety, comfort, and operational efficiency of the aircraft.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: ICAO Annex 14 contains specifications related to airports, aircraft, and the construction of runways. This comprehensive document provides international standards and recommended practices for aerodrome design and operations.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: In premix asphalt concrete used in airport pavement construction, heating the aggregate serves multiple purposes. It enhances workability, facilitates even spreading, and contributes to the creation of a homogeneous mix, ensuring the quality and durability of the pavement.
Correct Answer: Flexible pavement
Explanation: The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) method is primarily employed in the design of flexible pavements. It helps assess the strength and load-bearing capacity of subgrade soils, aiding in the design of suitable flexible pavement structures.
Correct Answer: Nose gear
Explanation: The design of a runway takes into consideration the type of aircraft it will accommodate. Specifically, the design is influenced by factors such as the aircraft’s nose gear, which is a critical component in the landing and takeoff operations.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: The design of a runway involves considering various loads, including impact loads, aircraft loads, and axle loads. These factors are crucial in determining the structural strength and integrity of the runway to support safe aircraft operations.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: The size and location of an airport are influenced by various meteorological conditions, including atmospheric pressure, reduced level (elevation), and the prevailing direction of the wind. These factors play a key role in airport planning and design.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Depressions and undulations in runway pavement can be caused by various factors, including the impact of heavy wheel loads, punching effects from aircraft landings, and failures in the subgrade. These issues can lead to uneven surfaces that need to be addressed for safe operations.
Correct Answer: ICAO
Explanation: The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is the international association that represents the authority for aviation. It sets global standards and regulations for civil aviation to ensure safety, security, and environmental sustainability.
Correct Answer: Runway and apron
Explanation: Taxiways are pathways on an airport that connect runways to aprons. They provide routes for aircraft to move between runways and apron areas, facilitating efficient ground movement.
Correct Answer: Storage of aircraft prior to takeoff
Explanation: Holding aprons, run-up pads, or holding bays located adjacent to the ends of runways serve as areas for the storage of aircraft before takeoff. They are designated spaces where aircraft can wait and prepare for departure.
Correct Answer: Both of the above
Explanation: ICAO classifies airports based on various factors, including runway length and wheel load. This classification helps standardize airport specifications and design criteria.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: In the construction of premix asphalt concrete for airport pavements, heating the aggregate serves multiple purposes, including improving workability, facilitating even spreading, and ensuring a homogeneous mix for enhanced pavement quality.
Correct Answer: 10990 ft
Explanation: As of the available data, the runway length of Tribhuvan International Airport is 10,990 feet. Runway length is a critical parameter in airport design and directly impacts the types of aircraft that can operate at the airport.
Correct Answer: Hanger
Explanation: The enclosure or structure where an aircraft is kept for maintenance and repair is known as a “hangar.” Hangars provide shelter and facilities for maintenance activities to ensure the airworthiness of the aircraft.
Correct Answer: Cargo loading and unloading
Explanation: Aprons at airports serve various purposes, including cargo loading and unloading. They are designated areas where aircraft are parked, and various ground services, including cargo handling, take place.
Correct Answer: 400
Explanation: In a very dense airport environment, the characteristic load per landing gear is typically lower, and in this case, it is specified as 400 kilonewtons (KN). This characteristic load is an important parameter for pavement design and maintenance.
Correct Answer: Both of the above
Explanation: The capacity of an airport is influenced by various factors, including the maximum acceptable delay for departing aircraft and the availability of taxiways. Both factors play a crucial role in determining the operational efficiency and throughput of an airport.
Correct Answer: 300m
Explanation: According to ICAO recommendations, the minimum width of the safety area for an instrumental runway is 300 meters. The safety area is designed to enhance safety margins in case of runway excursions or other incidents during takeoff or landing.
Correct Answer: 1.5%
Explanation: ICAO recommends a longitudinal gradient of 1.5% for runways at A, B, and C types of airports. This gradient ensures proper drainage and aids in safe aircraft operations during takeoff and landing.
Correct Answer: Tenjing-Hilleri airport, Solukhumbu
Explanation: Based on the information provided, Tenjing-Hilleri airport in Solukhumbu experienced various accidents leading to a significant loss of lives in the fiscal year 2072/73, making it a challenging and potentially dangerous airport.
Correct Answer: 02/20
Explanation: The windrose diagram indicates the prevailing wind directions at an airport. In the case of Tribhuvan International Airport, the orientation of the runway is denoted as 02/20, representing the two opposite directions (02 for takeoff and 20 for landing) based on magnetic headings.
Correct Answer: Flight within the same country
Explanation: A domestic airport primarily serves flights within the same country. It does not handle international flights directly.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) has classified various aspects of airports, including runways, lengths, and pavement strengths. This classification is essential for ensuring standardized practices in aviation.
Correct Answer: Gautam Buddha
Explanation: Gautam Buddha International Airport came into operation from the year 2022 AD. It is one of the significant airports contributing to air travel services in Nepal.
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