Correct Answer: Drawing
Explanation: Drawing is the process of visually representing an object or concept through systematic lines on a paper. It is a fundamental skill in engineering and various other professions, allowing for the communication of ideas through graphical means.
Correct Answer: Language
Explanation: Drawing serves as the language of engineers. It is a universal method of communication that allows engineers to convey complex ideas, designs, and specifications. Engineers use drawings as a tool to express their concepts, plans, and technical information.
Correct Answer: Size of sheet
Explanation: The size of the sheet is typically not included in the title block of a drawing sheet. The title block usually contains information such as sheet number, scale, and method of protection.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: The ISI recommended sizes for drawing boards are B0 (1000x1500mm), B1 (700x1000mm), and B2 (500x700mm).
Correct Answer: Left
Explanation: The working edge of the drawing board is typically kept to the left of the user for ease of drawing and to maintain a consistent working direction.
Correct Answer: Well-seasoned softwood
Explanation: Drawing boards are commonly made of well-seasoned softwood to ensure stability and prevent warping.
Correct Answer: Adjoining the working edge of the board
Explanation: The stock of the T-square is placed adjoining the working edge of the drawing board during the drawing process.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: The working edge of the T-square is versatile and can be used for drawing horizontal lines, serving as a base for set squares, and drawing horizontal parallel lines.
Correct Answer: Horizontal line
Explanation: Set squares are primarily used for drawing straight lines and vertical lines with the T-square, but they are not typically used for drawing horizontal lines.
Correct Answer: Base of protractor
Explanation: In a protractor, the semi-circle’s diameter is referred to as the base of the protractor.
Correct Answer: Fix the drawing
Explanation: Drawing pins or cello tapes are used to fix the drawing securely in place, preventing it from moving during the drawing process.
Correct Answer: Centre of paper
Explanation: When creating a single drawing, it is generally positioned at the center of the paper for a balanced presentation.
Correct Answer: Border line
Explanation: The working or drawing space on the paper is defined by the border line, which establishes the boundaries of the drawing area.
Correct Answer: Working edge
Explanation: The edge of the board along which the T-square slides is known as the working edge.
Correct Answer: Batten
Explanation: Cleats or battens are attached at the back of the board to prevent warping and ensure stability.
Correct Answer: Stock and blade
Explanation: The T-square consists of two main parts: the stock (or head) and the blade. The stock is the shorter, thicker part, and the blade is the longer, thinner part. Together, they form an “L” shape, and the T-square is used as a guide for drawing straight lines.
Correct Answer: T-square and set-square
Explanation: Angles in multiples of 15° can be constructed by using both the T-square and set-square in combination. The T-square provides a straight edge, while the set-square allows for the creation of specific angles.
Correct Answer: Protractor
Explanation: To draw or measure angles accurately, a protractor is commonly used. It provides a circular scale with markings to measure or construct angles with precision.
Correct Answer: Lengthening bar
Explanation: A lengthening bar is attached to the compass when drawing large-size circles, especially those with a diameter exceeding 150mm. This extension allows for a greater radius.
Correct Answer: Bow compass
Explanation: Circles with small radii are best drawn using a bow compass, which has adjustable legs to set the desired radius.
Correct Answer: Straight edge
Explanation: The scale is not intended to be used as a straight edge. It is designed for measuring and creating proportional representations, not for drawing straight lines.
Correct Answer: Divider
Explanation: Measurements from the scale to the drawing are accurately transferred using dividers. This tool allows for the precise transfer of dimensions.
Correct Answer: Bow divider
Explanation: A bow divider is used for setting short and equal distances. It consists of two pointed legs connected by a bow-shaped frame, allowing for precise adjustments.
Correct Answer: T-scale
Explanation: In a drafting machine, the T-scale is not a component that is typically used or followed. A drafting machine is a specialized instrument used in technical drawing for precision and accuracy. It commonly includes components such as a drawing board, drafting head, scales, and protractors. The T-scale is not a standard component of a drafting machine; instead, the other options (levelling machine, set square, and divider) are more commonly associated with drafting machines.
Correct Answer: Dust cloth
Explanation: A dust cloth is not considered drafting equipment. Drafting equipment typically includes tools used in technical drawing and design.
Correct Answer: Beam compass
Explanation: Large circles or curvatures are drawn using a beam compass, which consists of a long beam or bar for extending the radius.
Correct Answer: Erasing shield
Explanation: An erasing shield is a thin, flat, metal or plastic tool with various openings. It is used to protect adjoining lines on a drawing while erasing specific areas.
Correct Answer: Chisel edge
Explanation: To draw thin lines of uniform thickness, the pencil should be sharpened to form a chisel edge. This edge allows for precise and consistent line work.
Correct Answer: Soft & conical point
Explanation: For sketching, a pencil of a soft grade sharpened to a conical point is often used. This combination allows for smoother and expressive sketching.
Correct Answer: French curve
Explanation: A French curve is a flexible drafting tool used for drawing smooth curves that cannot be easily drawn with a compass or other rigid tools.
Correct Answer: Eraser
Explanation: An eraser is used to remove unnecessary lines from a drawing. It helps in correcting mistakes and refining the drawing by selectively eliminating unwanted marks.
Correct Answer: Drafting machine
Explanation: The drafting machine combines the functionalities of the T-square, set squares, scale, and protractor, providing a versatile tool for precise and efficient drawing in various orientations.
Correct Answer: Compass
Explanation: Circles and arcs are drawn using a compass, a tool with adjustable legs that allows for the creation of circles of different sizes.
Correct Answer: Plan
Explanation: The projection of any feature on the horizontal plane is referred to as a plan in technical drawing. It provides a top-down view of an object or structure.
Correct Answer: Straight line
Explanation: Inking pens are primarily used for drawing straight lines with precision in ink. They are favored for their ability to produce clean and controlled lines.
Correct Answer: All of the above
Explanation: Set squares are versatile tools used for drawing vertical lines, inclined lines, and parallel lines in technical drawings.
Correct Answer: For fixing of drawing paper with the help of drawing pin
Explanation: Drawing boards are often made of seasoned softwood to provide a stable surface for drawing and to facilitate the fixing of drawing paper with drawing pins.
Correct Answer: H & HB
Explanation: H and HB pencils are commonly used for dimensioning and lettering in technical drawings. H pencils provide harder lines, while HB pencils offer a balance between hardness and darkness.
Correct Answer: Paper & pencil
Explanation: The most essential materials for drawing are paper and pencil. These are the basic tools needed for creating sketches, diagrams, and technical drawings.
Correct Answer: 2H
Explanation: 2H pencils are used for drawing thinner lines. The higher the H value, the harder the pencil, resulting in finer and lighter lines.
Correct Answer: Harder
Explanation: A 9H pencil is harder than a 7H pencil. In the grading scale, higher H values indicate harder pencils.
Correct Answer: 2H
Explanation: To draw a very light line, a 2H pencil is used. The higher H value results in a lighter and finer line.
Correct Answer: 297 x 420 mm
Explanation: The paper size of A3 is 297 x 420 mm, making it larger than A4 but smaller than A2.
Correct Answer: 210 x 297 mm
Explanation: The size of A4 paper is 210 x 297 mm, commonly used for standard documents and drawings.
Correct Answer: 16
Explanation: The number of equal pieces of A4 size paper that can be obtained from A0 is 16. The A-series paper sizes follow a consistent ratio, allowing for easy scaling.
Correct Answer: 2
Explanation: The A-series paper sizes follow a geometric progression where each size is half the area of the next larger size. A0 is two times the area of A1, maintaining this consistent ratio.
Correct Answer: 4
Explanation: A0 is four times the area of A2. This relationship continues in the A-series paper sizes, ensuring a systematic scaling for different paper dimensions.
Correct Answer: 8
Explanation: The area of A0 is eight times the area of A3, aligning with the proportional scaling of A-series paper sizes.
Correct Answer: 16
Explanation: The area of A0 is derived by multiplying the area of A4 by 16, showcasing the systematic scaling of A-series paper sizes.
Correct Answer: Divider
Explanation: Dividers are an essential tool for transferring measurements accurately from a scale to a drawing. They allow for precise scaling of distances.
Correct Answer: Flat and triangular
Explanation: Scales used in drawing typically have a flat and triangular shape, providing straight edges for accurate measurement and drawing.
Correct Answer: 1″ = 8′
Explanation: Municipal drawings often use the scale of 1 inch representing 8 feet. This scale allows for a clear representation of structures and spaces.
Correct Answer: Diagonal scale
Explanation: Diagonal scales are employed for measuring distances represented in fractional units on a map or drawing. They facilitate precise measurements of fractional distances.
Correct Answer: 1/2500000
Explanation: The Representative Fraction (RF) for the given scale is 1/2500000. This implies that 1 centimeter on the drawing represents 25 kilometers in reality.
Correct Answer: Drafting vellum
Explanation: Tracing paper is commonly referred to as drafting vellum. It is a translucent paper used for overlaying drawings and creating duplicates.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (c) of the above
Explanation: The approach to starting a drawing can vary, but commonly, it involves starting either from the top and working downward or starting from the left and progressing to the right.
Correct Answer: Two
Explanation: Bisecting a line involves dividing it into two equal parts. This technique is commonly used in geometry and technical drawing.
Correct Answer: 90°
Explanation: The angle between two perpendicular lines is always 90°. This fundamental geometric relationship is widely used in technical drawing and design.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) above
Explanation: The angle between two horizontal lines can be either 0° or 180°, depending on their orientation. This flexibility is essential in various drawing scenarios.
Correct Answer: Hidden edge of the object
Explanation: Dashed (dotted) lines are commonly used in technical drawing to indicate hidden edges of objects. This technique helps convey the structure and details of an object more clearly.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) above
Explanation: The lines used to depict visible edges and surface boundaries of objects are referred to as outlines or principle lines. These lines define the shape and structure of the object in a drawing.
Correct Answer: Dotted line
Explanation: The unseen or inner edges of an object, not directly visible in a drawing, are typically represented by dotted lines. This convention helps distinguish between visible and hidden features.
Correct Answer: Twice the height of the letter
Explanation: In typography and lettering on a drawing, it is a common practice to leave a space between two sentences equal to twice the height of the letter. This ensures proper readability and aesthetics.
Correct Answer: Bottoms and right side of the drawing sheet
Explanation: In aligned dimensioning, dimensions are placed parallel to the bottom and the right side of the drawing sheet, making them easily readable.
Correct Answer: Bottom side of the drawing sheet only
Explanation: Unidirectional dimensioning involves placing dimensions on the bottom side of the drawing sheet, ensuring clarity and ease of reading.
Correct Answer: More informative
Explanation: The primary purpose of including letters and alphabets in a drawing is to enhance its informativeness. It aids in labeling and providing additional details about the depicted elements.
Correct Answer: 120°
Explanation: In isometric projection, the angle between the three axes is 120°. This projection method is commonly used to represent three-dimensional objects.
Correct Answer: Less than the actual length
Explanation: The isometric length of an edge in isometric projection is less than the actual length. This reduction is necessary to maintain the proportions of the object.
Correct Answer: Multiplying the actual length by 0.815
Explanation: The isometric length of an edge is obtained by multiplying the actual length by a factor of 0.815. This factor compensates for the foreshortening in isometric projection.
Correct Answer: Between eye and object
Explanation: In perspective projection, the picture plane is positioned between the eye and the object being depicted. This perspective mimics the way humans perceive objects in real life.
Correct Answer: Natural View of the object
Explanation: Perspective projection is utilized to provide a natural and realistic view of an object, capturing both its size and shape as perceived by the human eye.
Correct Answer: Manufacturer in marketing
Explanation: Perspective projection is often employed by manufacturers in marketing to showcase products in a visually appealing and realistic manner.
Correct Answer: Transparent
Explanation: The picture plane in drawing and projection is typically transparent. This transparency allows for accurate representation without obstructing the view of the object.
Correct Answer: Vertical plane
Explanation: The picture plane is a vertical plane positioned between the eye and the object in perspective projection.
Correct Answer: Horizontal plane
Explanation: The ground plane is a horizontal plane used as a reference in perspective projection. It serves as the base upon which objects are situated in the representation.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) above
Explanation: Perspective drawing serves the purpose of visualizing and representing objects in a realistic manner. It is not limited to civil engineers but is also widely used by manufacturers to showcase products with details in the market.
Correct Answer: It is easy to express in the market
Explanation: Perspective drawing by a manufacturer makes it easier to express and showcase products in the market, providing a realistic and visually appealing representation. It helps convey the shape and features of the product.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (c) of above
Explanation: In orthographic projection, a cube and a sphere have the same views in all three directions. The top, front, and side views are identical for these objects.
Correct Answer: Trigonometric
Explanation: Trigonometric is not a type of pictorial projection. Pictorial projections include oblique, orthographic, and axonometric projections, which visually represent three-dimensional objects.
Correct Answer: Ellipse and circle
Explanation: In orthographic projection, the view of a circle is represented as an ellipse in one plane and a circle in another. This is due to the projection method and the way circles appear when projected onto different planes.
Correct Answer: Horizontal lines
Explanation: In orthographic projection, projector lines are typically horizontal. They are used to project points from the object onto the picture plane in a way that preserves their true horizontal and vertical relationships.
Correct Answer: Above front view
Explanation: In third angle projection, the top view is positioned above the front view. This is a convention in engineering drawings, where different views of an object are arranged in a standardized manner.
Correct Answer: Bottom
Explanation: In third angle projection, the plan view (top view) is placed at the bottom of the front and side views. This is a characteristic arrangement in third angle projection.
Correct Answer: 6
Explanation: In orthographic projection, six views (front, top, side, and their respective opposites) are commonly used to provide a comprehensive representation of an object from different perspectives.
Correct Answer: Line drawn with drawing equipment
Explanation: Mechanical lines are precisely drawn lines using drawing equipment such as rulers, T-squares, and other drafting tools.
Correct Answer: Connect a note with the feature
Explanation: Leader lines are used to connect notes or labels to specific features on a drawing. They guide the reader to additional information or explanations.
Correct Answer: Main line of the section
Explanation: Hatching lines in a section view make an angle of 45° with the main line of the section. Hatching is used to indicate the material of an object in a cross-sectional view.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) of above
Explanation: Horizontal lines can be drawn from left to right or right to left, depending on the specific requirements of the drawing.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) above
Explanation: Vertical lines can be drawn from top to bottom or bottom to top, based on the needs of the drawing.
Correct Answer: One plane projection
Explanation: Axonometric projection is also known as one plane projection. It is a type of pictorial projection where all three dimensions are shown in one view without distortion.
Correct Answer: Both (a) and (b) above
Explanation: One plane projection includes both axonometric and oblique projections. Axonometric projections represent objects in one plane without distortion, and oblique projections involve lines inclined to the picture plane.
Correct Answer: One plane
Explanation: Axonometric view/drawing is a type of one-plane projection. It presents an object with all three dimensions shown in one view without perspective distortion.
Correct Answer: Perpendicular to the plane
Explanation: Axonometric drawing involves lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. This helps in representing objects with accurate proportions.
Correct Answer: Orthographic
Explanation: In one-plane drawing, orthographic projection is not included. Orthographic projection typically uses multiple views to represent an object in a standardized manner.
Correct Answer: 86.6 m
Explanation: The projection of a line on the horizontal can be calculated using the cosine of the angle. In this case, the projection is 100 * cos(30°) = 86.6 m.
Correct Answer: Origin
Explanation: The point of intersection of the coordinate axes in a Cartesian coordinate system is called the origin.
Correct Answer: Orthographic projection
Explanation: Axonometric projection is a special type of orthographic projection where all three dimensions are shown without distortion.
Correct Answer: Two sides are equally inclined
Explanation: In dimetric projection, two sides are equally inclined to the plane of projection. This distinguishes it from other types of projections.
Correct Answer: Mechanically
Explanation: Symbols in a topographic drawing, especially for artificial works, are typically drawn mechanically for accuracy and consistency.
Correct Answer: Mosque
Explanation: The symbol represents a mosque in a drawing or map, often used in cartography and architectural plans.
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