Correct Answer: map study, reconnaissance preliminary survey, final survey
Explanation: In the process of highway alignment, the sequence begins with map study, providing an initial overview. Subsequently, reconnaissance gathers detailed information, followed by a preliminary survey refining the details. The final survey concludes the comprehensive assessment.
Correct Answer: agricultural and industrial products available in the area
Explanation: The economic survey of a road project delves into the available agricultural and industrial products in the area. This detailed examination helps evaluate the project’s potential impact on the local economy.
Correct Answer: proximity to the place of worship
Explanation: When determining highway alignment, avoiding proximity to places of worship is crucial. This ensures sensitivity to social and cultural considerations, minimizing potential disruptions.
Correct Answer: 150 cm
Explanation: According to NRS 2070 standards, the footpath should have a minimum width of 150 cm. This specification aims to provide adequate space for safe and convenient pedestrian movement.
Correct Answer: arterial/street road
Explanation: City roads designed for through traffic on a continuous route are referred to as arterial or street roads. These roads facilitate the smooth flow of traffic through the urban landscape.
Correct Answer: earthen road
Explanation: In Nepal, the most commonly utilized road type is the earthen road. This choice is influenced by various factors such as terrain, cost, and local preferences.
Correct Answer: feeder road
Explanation: The road linking the headquarters of a zone is termed a feeder road. This type of road plays a crucial role in connecting regional hubs and supporting transportation networks.
Correct Answer: ring road
Explanation: A circumferential road encircling an urban area for the unobstructed flow of traffic is known as a ring road. It helps manage and divert traffic around the city center.
Correct Answer: street
Explanation: Within a town, the term used for a road is “street.” Streets serve as primary conduits for local traffic and are integral to the urban infrastructure.
Correct Answer: both (a) and (b) above
Explanation: The portion of the road designed for high-speed vehicles is commonly referred to as both a motorway and an expressway. These roads prioritize efficient and swift transportation.
Correct Answer: flyover
Explanation: A junction facilitating the separation of traffic streams, allowing them to pass over or under each other, is termed a flyover. Flyovers enhance traffic flow and reduce congestion at intersections.
Correct Answer: subway
Explanation: An underground passage accommodating pedestrians, vehicular traffic, and more is known as a subway. Subways provide safe and efficient crossings beneath roadways.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: The term used for a portion of the traffic way exclusively designated for pedestrians can be referred to as a footpath, sidewalk, or footway, encompassing all these variations.
Correct Answer: saddle
Explanation: When aligning a road crossing a series of hills, the preferred path is through a saddle. Saddle areas provide natural low points, minimizing the need for excessive earthwork.
Correct Answer: median strip
Explanation: The dividing strip in the middle of a roadway is commonly known as the median strip. This feature enhances safety by separating opposing traffic flows.
Correct Answer: 27 km
Explanation: The ring road around Kathmandu Valley spans a length of 27 kilometers, providing a crucial transport link around the metropolitan area.
Correct Answer: 112 km
Explanation: Arniko Highway, connecting Kathmandu to Kodari, covers a distance of 112 kilometers, serving as a vital route for transportation and trade.
Correct Answer: 80
Explanation: As of the decision made by the Ministries of the council on 2076/02/06, Nepal has a total of 80 National highways, crucial for the country’s connectivity.
Correct Answer: Belahiya-Pokhara
Explanation: Siddhartha Highway connects Belahiya to Pokhara, serving as a significant road link between these locations.
Correct Answer: spiral
Explanation: In hill roads, spiral transition curves are commonly employed to ensure smooth transitions between straight and curved sections, enhancing safety and comfort.
Correct Answer: Parsa
Explanation: Mahendra Rajmarg of Nepal does not touch the border of Parsa Terai district.
Correct Answer: 1000 ton
Explanation: Concrete pavement is typically chosen when the daily traffic load per lane exceeds 1000 tons, ensuring durability and strength.
Correct Answer: skidding
Explanation: Skidding occurs when the path traveled along the road surface by the wheels due to rotation is less than the circumferential movement, leading to sliding without rolling.
Correct Answer: less friction between the tire of the vehicle and the surface of the pavement
Explanation: Skidding is primarily caused by insufficient friction between the vehicle’s tires and the pavement surface.
Correct Answer: slipping
Explanation: When the path traveled along the road surface is less than the circumferential movement of the wheels, it results in slipping, where the wheels slide without effective rotation.
Correct Answer: haul
Explanation: The distance over which excavated material is transported is termed as haul distance, a critical factor in construction and earthwork projects.
Correct Answer: bullock cart
Explanation: Among the given options, a bullock cart has the highest equivalent Passenger Car Unit (pcu), representing its impact on traffic flow.
Correct Answer: car
Explanation: In the context of traffic flow, a car has the lowest equivalent Passenger Car Unit (pcu) among the provided options.
Correct Answer: crown
Explanation: The highest point on the road surface is known as the crown. It is designed to promote water drainage and prevent ponding.
Correct Answer: carriage way
Explanation: The portion of the road surface dedicated to vehicular traffic is termed the carriage way, encompassing lanes for the movement of vehicles.
Correct Answer: 7.0 m
Explanation: The width of the carriageway on a two-lane road without a raised curb is typically 7.0 meters, providing adequate space for two lanes of vehicular traffic.
Correct Answer: cambering
Explanation: The super elevation provided from the center of the road to the outer edge, creating a transverse slope, is known as cambering. This design feature aids in counteracting centrifugal forces on curves.
Correct Answer: shoulders
Explanation: The portions of the road on both sides of the carriageway are known as shoulders. These areas provide additional space for emergency stops, slow-moving vehicles, and accommodate lateral movements.
Correct Answer: width of formation
Explanation: The overall width of the road, including the carriage way and shoulders on both sides, is referred to as the width of formation. It encompasses the entire space acquired for the highway.
Correct Answer: side drain
Explanation: Structures provided on both sides of the shoulders to facilitate the passage of rainwater are known as side drains. They play a crucial role in preventing water accumulation.
Correct Answer: right of way
Explanation: The full width of land acquired before finalizing a highway project is termed the right of way. It encompasses the entire area needed for construction and future maintenance.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: The convexity provided to the carriageway, whether referred to as camber, transverse slope, or cross fall, is designed to promote proper drainage and vehicle stability.
Correct Answer: straight line
Explanation: The camber shape provided for cement concrete pavement is typically a straight line, ensuring uniformity and effective water runoff.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: Excessive camber on pavement can lead to various issues, including erosion of berms, deterioration of the center position, and increased risk of slipping for fast-moving vehicles.
Correct Answer: flatter
Explanation: In regions with scant rainfall, a flatter camber is often provided as excessive drainage is not a primary concern.
Correct Answer: effective drainage
Explanation: Camber in the road is primarily provided for effective drainage, preventing water accumulation and ensuring a safe and stable road surface.
Correct Answer: 2a/b
Explanation: (Explanation not available)
Correct Answer: amount of rainfall
Explanation: The amount of camber provided in a road depends on factors such as the expected amount of rainfall, influencing drainage requirements.
Correct Answer: straight road
Explanation: Camber is provided on both straight and curved roads, as well as on road sections with super-elevation, to ensure proper drainage and stability.
Correct Answer: super elevation
Explanation: The practice of raising the outer edge of the pavement at horizontal curves is known as super elevation. It helps counteract the centrifugal force and enhances vehicle stability.
Correct Answer: camber
Explanation: Camber is the main element for providing effective drainage on roads. It ensures that water drains away from the center of the road, preventing ponding and maintaining a safe road surface.
Correct Answer: centrifugal force
Explanation: Super elevation is provided at a horizontal curve to counteract the effect of centrifugal force, which tends to push vehicles away from the center of the curve.
Correct Answer: e+f = v2 / 126.5R
Explanation: The formula for calculating super elevation is e+f = v2 / 126.5R, where ‘e’ is the rate of lateral friction, ‘f’ is the rate of longitudinal friction, ‘v’ is the speed of the vehicle, and ‘R’ is the radius of the curve.
Correct Answer: center line of the horizontal curve and building line
Explanation: Setback distance is the distance between the centerline of the horizontal curve and the building line. It ensures that structures are set back a safe distance from the curve.
Correct Answer: not less than camber at the section
Explanation: The minimum super elevation provided should not be less than the camber at the section. This ensures a smooth transition and proper drainage on curved sections.
Correct Answer: 7%
Explanation: The maximum amount of super elevation should not exceed 7% to maintain safe and comfortable conditions for vehicles negotiating curves.
Correct Answer: camber
Explanation: The minimum super elevation on a curve is equal to the camber. Camber provides the initial slope for drainage on straight portions of the road.
Correct Answer: mixed traffic
Explanation: Higher values of super elevation are highly undesirable for mixed traffic conditions, as they may lead to discomfort and safety concerns, especially for slower-moving vehicles.
Correct Answer: 1⁄2 of the longitudinal gradient
Explanation: The camber of the road should be approximately equal to half of the longitudinal gradient to ensure effective drainage.
Correct Answer: 1/30
Explanation: (Explanation not available)
Correct Answer: gradient
Explanation: The rate of rise or fall of a road along its alignment is known as the gradient.
Correct Answer: gradient
Explanation: The gradient is not directly concerned with the cross-section of the road but refers to the rate of rise or fall along the road’s alignment.
Correct Answer: ruling gradient
Explanation: The maximum design gradient for the vertical profile of a road is known as the ruling gradient, representing the steepest gradient that governs the design.
Correct Answer: limiting gradient
Explanation: The steepest gradient considered in road design is known as the limiting gradient, setting the maximum allowable slope for safety and efficiency.
Correct Answer: more than the maximum or less than the minimum gradient
Explanation: Any gradient on a road is considered an exceptional gradient if it exceeds the maximum allowable gradient or falls below the minimum required gradient.
Correct Answer: maximum gradient
Explanation: The steepest gradient in ordinary conditions should not exceed the maximum gradient. This ensures that the road design meets safety and operational standards.
Correct Answer: summit
Explanation: The peak formed by two rising gradients is referred to as the summit. It represents the highest point along the road profile.
Correct Answer: sag
Explanation: The depression formed by the junction of two falling gradients is commonly known as a sag. It represents a low point in the road profile.
Correct Answer: floating gradient
Explanation: A floating gradient is a road gradient at which a vehicle does not require any tractive force to maintain a specific speed. It allows vehicles to move smoothly without additional power.
Correct Answer: at summit curves
Explanation: Floating gradients are typically provided at summit curves, allowing vehicles to navigate smoothly without the need for additional tractive force.
Correct Answer: differential gradient
Explanation: The difference in gradients after full super elevation and the original alignment of a road is known as the differential gradient. It represents the change in slope due to the introduction of super elevation.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: Raising the outer edge of a road with respect to the inner edge is known by various terms, including super elevation, cant, and banking.
Correct Answer: avoids the drainage problem in flat terrain
Explanation: The super elevation obtained by the rotation of pavement about the inner edge helps avoid drainage problems in flat terrain.
Correct Answer: directly proportional to the square of the velocity of vehicles
Explanation: The super elevation in roads is directly proportional to the square of the velocity of vehicles, influencing the need for additional banking on curves.
Correct Answer: 1 in 30
Explanation: The camber in the pavement is 1 in 30, indicating the slope provided for effective drainage.
Correct Answer: more than 300m
Explanation: Extra width of pavement is not provided on horizontal curves when the radius is more than 300m.
Correct Answer: I2/2R
Explanation: The widening of the road is represented by the formula I2/2R, where ‘I’ is the distance between the extra width and ‘R’ is the radius of the curve.
Correct Answer: more at the edges
Explanation: On a pavement with parabolic camber, the angle of inclination of vehicles will be more at the edges, facilitating proper drainage.
Correct Answer: more
Explanation: If the pavement is kept horizontal across the alignment on a horizontal curve, the pressure on the outer wheels will be more due to the centrifugal force acting on the vehicle.
Correct Answer: to prevent vehicles from skidding laterally
Explanation: Transition curves are provided in horizontal alignment to prevent vehicles from skidding laterally, ensuring a smooth transition between straight and curved sections of the road.
Correct Answer: 2.7v2 / R
Explanation: The minimum length of the transition curve in a plain is given by 2.7v2 / R, where ‘v’ is the design speed, and ‘R’ is the radius of the curve.
Correct Answer: v2 / R
Explanation: The minimum length of the transition curve in a hill is given by v2 / R, where ‘v’ is the design speed, and ‘R’ is the radius of the curve.
Correct Answer: reduce jerk to allowable levels
Explanation: Horizontal curves on the approach are designed to reduce jerk to allowable levels, ensuring a smooth and safe transition for vehicles.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: The radius of the curve is decided based on multiple factors, including design speed, super elevation, and co-efficient of friction.
Correct Answer: R
Explanation: The radius of the transition curve at the junction of a circular curve and a straight segment is ‘R’.
Correct Answer: 16 kmph
Explanation: The minimum value of the ruling radius for horizontal curves in plains is calculated with a design speed of 16 kmph.
Correct Answer: 400 m
Explanation: The absolute minimum radius of curve for safe operation at a speed of 100 kmph is 400 m.
Correct Answer: parabolic
Explanation: The shape of the vertical curve is parabolic.
Correct Answer: 30 m
Explanation: The degree of the road curve is defined as the angle in degrees subtended at the center by an arc of 30 m.
Correct Answer: 1718.9 m
Explanation: When the degree of a road curve is defined by taking an arc of 30 m length, the radius of a 1° curve would be 1718.9 m.
Correct Answer: x3/6RL
Explanation: The standard equation of a cubic parabolic transition curve provided on roads is x3/6RL.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: Setback distance depends on required sight distance, radius of horizontal curve, and length of the curve.
Correct Answer: speed of the vehicle
Explanation: The design of horizontal and vertical alignment, super elevation, sight distance, and grades are primarily affected by the speed of the vehicle.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: Highways generally have various types of curves, including circular curves, transitional curves, and vertical curves.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: Horizontal curves on highways are provided for multiple reasons, including breaking the monotony of driving, discouraging the tendency to increase speed, and reducing mental tension on drivers.
Correct Answer: inversely proportional to the radius
Explanation: An ideal transition curve is the one whose length is inversely proportional to the radius of the main curve.
Correct Answer: clothoid
Explanation: The ideal shape of a transition curve is a clothoid.
Correct Answer: summit curve
Explanation: When an up gradient meets a downgrade, the vertical curve provided is known as a summit curve.
Correct Answer: beginning of the circular curve
Explanation: The full amount of extra width of a pavement on the curve is provided at the beginning of the circular curve.
Correct Answer: rear wheels follow a less radius than front wheels
Explanation: While negotiating a curve, the rear wheels follow a less radius than front wheels.
Correct Answer: 75/R
Explanation: The percentage reduction of gradient for compensating the loss of tractive force along a radius R is 75/R.
Correct Answer: 0.1v/√R
Explanation: Psychological widening on road curves is given by 0.1v/√R.
Correct Answer: inner side only
Explanation: Extra width of mechanical widening on the curve is provided on the inner side only.
Correct Answer: outer side only
Explanation: Extra width of psychological widening on the curve is provided on the outer side only.
Correct Answer: 3l2/2R
Explanation: The mechanical extra widening required is given by 3l2/2R for a pavement of width 10.5m on a horizontal curve of radius R, where I is the length of the wheelbase.
FAQs on Highway Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers
▸ What are some essential topics covered in Highway Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers?
Highway Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers typically cover topics such as road design principles, traffic management, pavement materials, geometric design, highway drainage, and traffic safety measures. Understanding these areas is crucial for civil engineers working on highway projects.
▸ Where can I find comprehensive Highway Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers?
You can find a wide range of Highway Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers on gkaim.com. This website offers well-curated MCQs along with detailed explanations to help you prepare effectively for exams and interviews.
▸ How can I download Highway Engineering MCQs in PDF format from gkaim.com?
gkaim.com provides options to download Highway Engineering MCQs in PDF format for offline study. Look for download links or options on the respective MCQ pages to get the content in a convenient format for your study sessions.
▸ What makes Highway Engineering MCQs on gkaim.com unique?
Highway Engineering MCQs on gkaim.com are designed to cover a broad spectrum of topics relevant to civil engineering. They are crafted to provide a deep understanding of highway engineering concepts and are accompanied by detailed explanations, ensuring comprehensive preparation.
▸ How are Highway Engineering MCQs structured on gkaim.com?
On gkaim.com, Highway Engineering MCQs are structured in a series of posts, each containing 100 MCQs. These are divided into pages within each post for ease of navigation. The website also features clear navigation buttons at the top of each post to help you access different parts quickly.
▸ How can I efficiently navigate through Highway Engineering MCQs on gkaim.com?
To navigate through Highway Engineering MCQs on gkaim.com, use the navigation buttons located at the top of each post. These buttons allow you to move between different parts and pages of the MCQ series effortlessly.
▸ What types of questions are included in Highway Engineering MCQs on gkaim.com?
The Highway Engineering MCQs on gkaim.com include questions on topics such as road alignment, pavement design, traffic flow analysis, and road construction materials. Each question is designed to test both theoretical knowledge and practical application of highway engineering principles.
▸ How can I improve my knowledge of Highway Engineering using MCQs from gkaim.com?
Improving your knowledge of Highway Engineering can be achieved by regularly practicing the MCQs available on gkaim.com. Engage with the detailed explanations provided for each question to deepen your understanding and apply the concepts effectively in real-world scenarios.
▸ Are there any mock tests available for Highway Engineering on gkaim.com?
Yes, gkaim.com offers mock tests for Highway Engineering that simulate real exam conditions. These mock tests are designed to help you assess your preparation and identify areas that need improvement.
▸ What resources are recommended for studying Highway Engineering effectively?
For effective study of Highway Engineering, refer to textbooks like ‘Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis’ by Fred L. Mannering and Scott S. Washburn. Additionally, utilizing MCQs and mock tests from gkaim.com can significantly enhance your preparation and understanding of key concepts.