Correct Answer: rapid fall
Explanation: A sudden fall of the level of the ground along the alignment of the canal joined by an inclined bed is referred to as a rapid fall. This type of fall involves a quick descent of the ground level, impacting the flow conditions in the canal.
Correct Answer: vertical drop fall
Explanation: The fall that can be used as a meter fall is a vertical drop fall. A vertical drop fall involves a direct descent of water over a vertical structure, making it suitable for metering and controlling the flow of water in the canal.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: Falls such as a low weir fall, a trapezoidal notch fall, and a rectangular notch fall are designed to maintain their depth under varying flow conditions. These falls are suitable for applications where a consistent depth of flow is desired.
Correct Answer: 1.0 m
Explanation: A vertical drop fall is considered satisfactory for a drop up to 1.0 meter. Beyond this height, other types of falls or energy dissipation structures may be required to manage the flow and prevent excessive turbulence.
Correct Answer: 15 m3/sec
Explanation: Vertical drop falls are suitable for a discharge of around 15 m3/sec. The design and selection of falls depend on various factors, including the anticipated discharge and the desired hydraulic performance.
Correct Answer: straight glacis fall with baffle wall
Explanation: A straight glacis fall with a baffle wall is considered suitable for any discharge. This type of fall provides flexibility and effectiveness across a range of discharge conditions.
Correct Answer: inglis fall
Explanation: A straight glacis type fall with a baffle platform and a baffle wall is known as an Inglis fall. Inglis falls are designed to dissipate energy effectively and control the flow of water in the canal.
Correct Answer: montague fall
Explanation: The fall using a parabolic glacis for energy dissipation is called a Montague fall. Montague falls utilize a parabolic glacis design to dissipate energy and control the flow of water in the canal.
Correct Answer: notch fall
Explanation: The fall with the crest usually at or near the bed level, without a glacis, is referred to as a notch fall. Notch falls are designed to manage flow without the need for an extended glacis structure.
Correct Answer: friction block
Explanation: An obstruction placed on the downstream floor of a fall to dissipate the velocity of the flowing water and maintain the standing wave on the glacis is known as a friction block. It helps control the flow dynamics and prevent excessive turbulence.
Correct Answer: talus
Explanation: A protection at the downstream end of a weir or fall, consisting of blocks of concrete or masonry, is called talus. Talus provides stability and erosion protection at the base of the structure.
Correct Answer: 5(D2-D1)
Explanation: The design of the canal system is often determined by factors such as the difference in the downstream and upstream depths. The formula “5(D2-D1)” is a common expression used in the design process.
Correct Answer: one
Explanation: For a proportional outlet, the flexibility is one. Proportional outlets are designed to maintain a consistent relationship between the outlet discharge and the upstream flow, providing a predictable and controllable water distribution.
Correct Answer: rigid-modular outlet
Explanation: Gibb’s module is a type of rigid-modular outlet. It is a component used in canal systems to control and regulate the flow of water.
Correct Answer: flexibility
Explanation: The ratio of the rate of change of the discharge of an outlet to the rate of change of the discharge of the distributing channel is known as flexibility. It is a measure of how changes in outlet discharge relate to changes in the upstream flow.
Correct Answer: flowering
Explanation: In the case of paddy cultivation, the maximum amount of water is required during the flowering stage. This is a critical stage in the growth cycle of paddy, and adequate water availability during flowering is essential for successful crop development.
Correct Answer: energy dissipation
Explanation: Drop structures in the canal are primarily provided for energy dissipation. They help reduce the kinetic energy of flowing water, preventing erosion and turbulence.
Correct Answer: drain crossing
Explanation: Drain crossing is not considered a cross drainage work. Cross drainage works typically involve structures that allow water to flow across a drainage channel or watercourse.
Correct Answer: saturation capacity
Explanation: Saturation capacity refers to the amount of water required to fill up the pore spaces in soil particles by replacing all the air held in the pore spaces. It represents the maximum water-holding capacity of the soil.
Correct Answer: roughness of the section
Explanation: The discharge in an open channel is inversely proportional to the roughness of the section. Roughness affects the flow resistance, and a smoother section allows for a higher discharge.
Correct Answer: waterlogged
Explanation: When the water table is within the root zone depth and negatively affects plant life, the land is said to be waterlogged. Waterlogging can lead to reduced oxygen availability for plant roots, negatively impacting crop growth.
Correct Answer: trapezoidal
Explanation: The trapezoidal section is often considered the most efficient for a channel. It provides a balance between hydraulic efficiency and structural stability.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: In irrigation canals, water losses can occur due to absorption, evaporation, and percolation. All of these factors contribute to the overall water losses in the irrigation system.
Correct Answer: at the summit
Explanation: To avoid interruption in the flow of a siphon, the air vessel is provided at the summit. The air vessel helps regulate air in the siphon, ensuring continuous flow.
Correct Answer: the natural slope is very steep
Explanation: Drops in irrigation canals are needed when the natural slope is very steep. The drop structures help manage the steep slope and prevent excessive erosion.
Correct Answer: maximum
Explanation: For the maximum velocity occurring in a canal, the hydraulic mean depth is maximized. This is a key parameter in determining the flow characteristics of an open channel.
Correct Answer: has more discharge than a shallow well
Explanation: A deep well generally has more discharge than a shallow well. The deeper the well, the greater the potential for accessing larger aquifers and higher groundwater yields.
Correct Answer: river runoff and time
Explanation: A hydrograph is a graphical representation of river runoff over time. It illustrates the variation in discharge or flow rate in a river or stream in response to rainfall or other hydrological factors.
Correct Answer: sprinkler irrigation
Explanation: Sprinkler irrigation typically has a higher water application efficiency compared to other methods. It involves spraying water directly onto the crops, minimizing losses due to evaporation and runoff.
Correct Answer: Delta
Explanation: The total depth of water required by a crop during the entire period the crop is in the field is known as “Delta.” Delta is a term used in irrigation to represent the total water requirement for a specific crop.
Correct Answer: highest among all soils
Explanation: The water-holding capacity of clay is the highest among all soils. Clay soils have fine particles with high porosity, allowing them to retain more water.
Correct Answer: straight lines
Explanation: Irrigation distributor canals are generally aligned along straight lines. This alignment helps in efficient water distribution to different agricultural fields.
Correct Answer: difference in water content of the soil between field capacity and permanent wilting point
Explanation: Available moisture is defined as the difference in water content of the soil between field capacity (maximum moisture-holding capacity) and permanent wilting point.
Correct Answer: Trapezoidal
Explanation: The trapezoidal cross-section is often considered the best hydraulic section for open channels. It provides a good balance between flow efficiency and structural stability.
Correct Answer: aqueduct
Explanation: When a canal is carried over a natural drainage, the structure provided is known as an aqueduct. An aqueduct is a water-carrying structure that allows the canal to pass over the drainage.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: The consumptive use of water for a crop can be measured as the volume of water per unit area or as the depth of water on the irrigated area. It includes water supplied by both precipitation and irrigation.
Correct Answer: all of the above
Explanation: A diversion headwork is constructed to raise the water level at the head of the canal, regulate the intake of water, and reduce fluctuations in the supply level of the river.
Correct Answer: raise water level
Explanation: The main function of a diversion headwork of a canal from a river is to raise the water level, ensuring an adequate supply of water to the canal.
Correct Answer: good foundation is available for the structure
Explanation: The site of the headworks is considered good when a good foundation is available for the structure. A stable foundation is crucial for the durability and performance of the headworks.
Correct Answer: 8
Explanation: The diversion headwork is divided into eight components, each serving a specific function in the regulation and control of water diversion.
FAQs on Irrigation Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers
▸ What are some key topics covered in Irrigation Engineering MCQs for Civil Engineers?
Key topics include irrigation methods, water resource management, drainage systems, soil-water relationships, and irrigation design principles. For more detailed MCQs, visit gkaim.com.
▸ How can I improve my knowledge of Irrigation Engineering through MCQs?
Improving your knowledge can be achieved by regularly practicing MCQs, studying detailed solutions, and reviewing key concepts. You can access a variety of MCQs and quizzes on irrigation engineering at gkaim.com.
▸ Where can I find online MCQs for Irrigation Engineering?
You can find online MCQs for Irrigation Engineering on educational websites like gkaim.com, which offer a range of questions to help you prepare for exams and interviews.
▸ Are there any mock tests available for Irrigation Engineering MCQs?
Yes, mock tests for Irrigation Engineering MCQs are available at gkaim.com, which can help you practice and gauge your understanding of the subject.
▸ What is the significance of irrigation methods in civil engineering?
Irrigation methods are crucial in civil engineering for effective water management in agricultural projects and urban planning. Detailed MCQs on various irrigation techniques can be found at gkaim.com.
▸ How do irrigation design principles affect civil engineering projects?
Irrigation design principles impact the efficiency of water use and distribution in civil engineering projects. Understanding these principles through MCQs can be beneficial, and you can find relevant questions at gkaim.com.
▸ What are the most common types of irrigation systems covered in MCQs?
Common types of irrigation systems include drip irrigation, sprinkler systems, and surface irrigation. MCQs on these systems and their applications can be explored at gkaim.com.
▸ How does soil-water relationship influence irrigation engineering?
The soil-water relationship is vital for determining the amount and frequency of irrigation required. MCQs addressing these relationships are available at gkaim.com to help you better understand the topic.
▸ What resources are recommended for studying Irrigation Engineering MCQs?
Recommended resources include textbooks on irrigation engineering, online quizzes, and practice MCQs available at gkaim.com. These resources can provide comprehensive coverage of the subject.
▸ How can I effectively prepare for exams with Irrigation Engineering MCQs?
Effective preparation involves practicing MCQs regularly, reviewing correct answers, and studying detailed explanations. You can find practice MCQs and exam preparation materials at gkaim.com.