Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids Mock Test

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Quiz: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids – Progressive Test
Total questions: 600
Questions in this round: 50
Time allotted: 70 minutes
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Total rounds: 12
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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids – Progressive Test

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1 / 50

1. The main chemical stages of the iodoform reaction of a methyl ketone occur in the order:

a) Carbonyl reduction alcohol oxidation iodine elimination alkane formation

b) Hydride transfer carboxylate reduction carbon-carbon coupling protonation

c) Cyanide addition nitrile hydrolysis alpha iodination carbonyl reduction

d) Alpha triiodination hydroxide attack cleavage protonation

2 / 50

2. A sample of ethanol is subjected to controlled oxidation. In Step I, of the ethanol is converted into ethanal. In Step II, of that ethanal is oxidised to ethanoic acid. The acid is isolated in yield. Which pair gives the isolated acid mass and the mass of ethanal remaining after Step II?

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

3 / 50

3. A saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid commonly has the general formula:

4 / 50

4. Arrange the following acids in decreasing strength to show the cumulative inductive effect of chlorine atoms:

5 / 50

5. Match each aldehyde in Column I with its classification in Column II.

Column I	Column II
P.	1. Aromatic monoaldehyde
Q.	2. Saturated aliphatic monoaldehyde
R.	3. Unsaturated aliphatic monoaldehyde
S.	4. Aliphatic dialdehyde

a) P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-4

b) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4

c) P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4

d) P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

6 / 50

6. During esterification in a closed vessel, the concentrations of acid and alcohol decrease and then become constant, while ester and water concentrations increase and then become constant. What does the plateau indicate?

a) Dynamic equilibrium, with forward and reverse rates equal

b) Chemical inertness of water, so ester hydrolysis cannot occur

c) Complete consumption of both reactants with no reverse reaction

d) Permanent deactivation of the acid catalyst at that composition

7 / 50

7. Propan--ol is to be converted into propanal oxime without changing the three-carbon skeleton. Which reagent sequence is suitable?

a) , followed by aqueous

b) , followed by

c) Concentrated , followed by

d) PCC, followed by

8 / 50

8. The number of symmetrical saturated acyclic ketones with molecular formula is:

9 / 50

9. Assertion: Sodium benzoate is often used instead of benzoic acid in aqueous food formulations.
Reason: Sodium benzoate is generally more soluble in water than benzoic acid.

a) Assertion is true, but Reason is false

b) Assertion is false, but Reason is true

c) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason does not explain Assertion

d) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason explains Assertion

10 / 50

10. Propanenitrile, , undergoes alkaline hydrolysis with conversion. Propanoic acid is obtained after acidification and isolated in yield. What pair gives the isolated acid mass and the volume of ammonia chemically formed at and ? Use , , and .

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

11 / 50

11. Ethanoic acid labelled at its carboxyl carbon, , is reduced completely with . Where is the isotope found in the product?

a) The carbon atom of methane,

b) The carbon atom of carbon dioxide,

c) The methyl carbon of methanol,

d) The carbon of ethanol

12 / 50

12. A sample of propanone contains specifically at its carbonyl oxygen. It is reduced with , and the labelled propan--ol is isolated in yield. Which pair gives the location of the isotope and the isolated mass? Use and -ol})=62.0,mathrm{g,mol^{-1}}).

a) The isotope moves to a carbon atom, and is isolated

b) The isotope is lost as water, and is isolated

c) The isotope remains on the alcohol oxygen, and is isolated

d) The isotope remains on the alcohol oxygen, and is isolated

13 / 50

13. A graph plots moles of carbon dioxide evolved against moles of a monocarboxylic acid added to a fixed amount of sodium bicarbonate. Which description is correct?

a) Rises with slope , then plateaus when bicarbonate is exhausted

b) Falls with slope , then plateaus when all acid is consumed

c) Rises with slope , then continues linearly after bicarbonate is exhausted

d) Remains horizontal because bicarbonate acts only as a catalyst throughout

14 / 50

14. A monocarboxylic-acid solution has equilibrium . Assuming water ionisation is negligible, which pair gives and ?

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

15 / 50

15. Oxalic acid is useful in some cleaning and analytical contexts because it can:

a) Act only as an inert non-polar solvent

b) Neutralise bases but not participate in redox chemistry

c) Reduce every metal ion completely to the free metal

d) Act as a reducing agent and complex some metal ions

16 / 50

16. Alcohol vapours are commonly passed over heated copper near ______ during catalytic dehydrogenation.

17 / 50

17. The structure corresponding to -methylhexan--one is:

18 / 50

18. A mixture of propanal and propanone is treated with excess Tollens reagent and deposits of silver. A separate identical mixture is completely reduced with . Which pair gives the mole percentage of propanal and the total alcohol mass obtained? Use , , and .

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

19 / 50

19. The molecular formula alone does not prove that a compound is an aldehyde or ketone because it can also represent:

a) Butanoic acid

b) Ethoxyethane

c) Cyclobutanol

d) Butan--ol

20 / 50

20. A mixture of methanal and benzaldehyde is allowed to undergo separate complete self-Cannizzaro reactions. Methanol is isolated in yield, and benzyl alcohol is isolated in yield. The combined isolated alcohol mass is . Which pair gives the mole percentage of benzaldehyde and the original aldehyde-mixture mass?

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

21 / 50

21. Four unknown compounds give the results shown.

Unknown	-DNPH	Tollens	Iodoform	Bicarbonate
P	Positive	Positive	Positive	Negative
Q	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative
R	Negative	Positive	Negative	Positive
S	Negative	Negative	Negative	Positive

Which assignment is correct?

a) P is ethanal, Q is ethanoic acid, R is propanone, and S is methanoic acid

b) P is ethanal, Q is propanone, R is methanoic acid, and S is ethanoic acid

c) P is ethanoic acid, Q is propanone, R is ethanal, and S is methanoic acid

d) P is propanone, Q is ethanal, R is ethanoic acid, and S is methanoic acid

22 / 50

22. Complete oxidation of of propanal to propanoic acid transfers two electrons per aldehyde molecule. Which pair gives the total moles of electrons transferred and the moles of dichromate required if one mole of accepts six moles of electrons?

a) electrons and dichromate

b) electrons and dichromate

c) electrons and dichromate

d) electrons and dichromate

23 / 50

23. Which statement about benzaldehyde is most appropriate?

a) It is used in fragrances and is harmless at every concentration

b) It is used in flavours and fragrances but needs controlled handling

c) It is used only as a laboratory oxidant and has no fragrance role

d) Its almond-like odour makes concentrated benzaldehyde safe to taste

24 / 50

24. Butanoic acid, , is treated with of bromine under Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky conditions:

The alpha-bromo acid is isolated in yield. Which pair gives the isolated product mass and the mass of unreacted butanoic acid? Use and .

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

25 / 50

25. Methyl benzoate, , is heated with of sodium hydroxide:

After acidification, benzoic acid is isolated in yield. Which pair gives the isolated acid mass and the mass of unreacted methyl benzoate?

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

26 / 50

26. The row containing only valid structure-name pairs is:

Row	Structure	Name
P		Propanoic acid
		Propanedioic acid
		Prop--enoic acid
Q		Butanoic acid
		Butanedioic acid
		Prop--enoic acid
R		Propanal
		Propane--dial
		Propanone
S		Ethanoic acid
		Ethane--dioic acid
		Prop--enoic acid

a) Row Q

b) Row P

c) Row S

d) Row R

27 / 50

27. Which condition is most suitable for stopping the reduction of an ester mainly at the aldehyde stage with ?

a) Excess reagent under prolonged heating, followed by hydrolysis

b) Concentrated aqueous acid under reflux before reduction

c) Excess at room temperature, followed by hydrolysis

d) Limited reagent at low temperature, followed by hydrolysis

28 / 50

28. Methanoic acid, , is treated with excess Tollens reagent. Exactly of the acid reacts, and the deposited silver is recovered in yield. Which pair gives the recovered silver mass and the unreacted methanoic-acid mass? Use and .

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

29 / 50

29. An acid X has molecular formula . Its sodium salt gives -dimethylbutane on Kolbe electrolysis. X also undergoes Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky bromination to give a single alpha-bromo acid. What is X?

a) -Methylpropanoic acid

b) Butanedioic acid

c) -Dimethylpropanoic acid

d) Butanoic acid

30 / 50

30. Two equal carbon-oxygen bond lengths are observed in a carboxylate ion. This equality is best explained by:

a) Complete loss of pi bonding from the carboxylate group

b) Rapid rotation that alternates a localised single bond and a localised double bond

c) Delocalisation of the negative charge and pi bonding over both oxygen atoms

d) Conversion of both oxygen atoms into neutral hydroxyl groups

31 / 50

31. Match each structure in Column I with its IUPAC name in Column II.

Column I	Column II
P.	1. Prop--enal
Q.	2. Ethanal
R.	3. Propanal
S. Cyclohexane ring bearing	4. Cyclohexanecarbaldehyde

a) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4

b) P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4

c) P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

d) P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-4

32 / 50

32. The row containing the correct substrate, condition, and major product is:

Row	Substrate	Condition	Major product
P	Ethanal	Cold dilute alkali	But--enal directly
Q	Methanal	Cold dilute alkali	-Hydroxypropanal
R	Propanal	Cold dilute alkali	-Hydroxy--methylbutanal
S	Ethanal	Cold dilute alkali	-Hydroxybutanal

a) Row R

b) Row Q

c) Row S

d) Row P

33 / 50

33. The oxidation number of carbon changes during

The oxidation-state change is:

a) Carbon changes from to and loses six electrons

b) Carbon changes from to and loses two electrons

c) Carbon changes from to and loses two electrons

d) Carbon changes from to and gains two electrons

34 / 50

34. The row that correctly relates a carboxylic acid property to its explanation is:

Row	Property	Explanation
P	High boiling point	Complete ionic dissociation in the pure liquid
Q	Decreasing water solubility with chain length	The carboxyl group becomes more polar
R	Dimer formation	Each molecule can donate and accept hydrogen bonds
S	Higher members becoming solids	Dispersion forces disappear as molecular size increases

a) Row R

b) Row S

c) Row P

d) Row Q

35 / 50

35. Benzaldehyde labelled with deuterium at its aldehydic position, , acts as the hydride-donor molecule in a Cannizzaro reaction. Where is the deuterium expected after the hydride-transfer step and protonation?

a) Bonded to an oxygen atom of the benzoate ion

b) Bonded to the benzylic carbon of the benzyl alcohol product

c) Bonded to an aromatic ring carbon of the oxidised product

d) Present in regenerated in the reaction mixture

36 / 50

36. A carbonyl compound formed by hydration of a terminal alkyne has the structure . The starting alkyne is:

a) Hex--yne

b) Pent--yne

c) Hex--yne

d) Pent--yne

37 / 50

37. A sample containing of ethanol is completely dehydrogenated over heated copper. What volume of hydrogen is produced at STP, taking molar gas volume as ?

38 / 50

38. Which row correctly gives the products formed under the stated conditions?

Row	Acid derivative and condition	Products before any additional work-up
P	Ethyl ethanoate with aqueous	Ethanoic acid and sodium ethoxide
Q	Ethyl ethanoate with dilute acid and water	Sodium ethanoate and ethanol
R	Ethanoic anhydride with water	Ethanoic acid and ethanol
S	Acetyl chloride with water	Ethanoic acid and hydrogen chloride

a) Row R

b) Row Q

c) Row S

d) Row P

39 / 50

39. Ethanoic acid, , is subjected to dehydration:

Exactly of the acid is consumed, and ethanoic anhydride is isolated in yield. Which pair gives the isolated anhydride mass and the mass of water chemically formed?

a) and

b) and

c) and

d) and

40 / 50

40. Which row correctly predicts electrophilic substitution in an aromatic carbonyl compound?

Row	Substrate	Reaction	Principal orientation
P	Benzaldehyde	Nitration	Ortho
Q	Acetophenone	Ring bromination	Para only
R	Benzaldehyde	Friedel-Crafts alkylation	Rapid meta alkylation
S	Acetophenone	Nitration	Mainly meta

a) Row P

b) Row R

c) Row S

d) Row Q

41 / 50

41. The general ketone notation is . The missing symbol is:

42 / 50

42. The row containing only correct oxime data is:

Row	Carbonyl compound	Oxime class
P	Methanal,	Aldoxime
Q	Ethanal,	Ketoxime
R	Propanone,	Aldoxime
S	Butan--one,	Ketoxime

a) Row S

b) Row R

c) Row P

d) Row Q

43 / 50

43. A graph is drawn with moles of aldehyde consumed on the horizontal axis and theoretical moles of alcohol formed in a complete self-Cannizzaro reaction on the vertical axis. What should be the slope of the straight line?

44 / 50

44. The electrophile involved in Friedel-Crafts acylation is commonly represented as:

a) A hydride ion,

b) A carbanion,

c) The acylium ion,

d) A hydroxide ion,

45 / 50

45. In a mechanism sketch, a curved arrow starts from a lone pair on and ends at a carbonyl carbon. The arrow represents:

a) Transfer of an electron pair from cyanide to carbonyl carbon

b) Transfer of a proton from carbonyl carbon to cyanide

c) Transfer of an electron pair from carbonyl carbon to cyanide

d) Transfer of one electron from oxygen to carbon

46 / 50

46. Use the graph description below. The horizontal axis represents increasing stability of the enolate ion formed from a carbonyl compound. The vertical axis represents the of its alpha hydrogen. Which trend is expected?

a) Falling: greater enolate stability corresponds to lower

b) Horizontal: enolate stability is unrelated to

c) Vertical: all enolates have the same

d) Rising: greater enolate stability corresponds to higher

47 / 50

47. The oxime of a saturated acyclic aldehyde or ketone contains nitrogen by mass. The parent carbonyl compound has the general formula . What is its molecular formula?

48 / 50

48. The oxygen atom in a carbonyl group is commonly described as approximately -hybridised because:

a) All three orbitals form carbon-oxygen sigma bonds, leaving neither lone pair in a hybrid orbital

b) All four valence orbitals are -hybridised after double-bond formation

c) One orbital forms the sigma bond, two hold lone pairs, and a orbital forms the pi bond

d) Two orbitals hold lone pairs, while separate orbitals form the sigma and pi bonds

49 / 50

49. Match each reagent in Column I with its principal identifying feature in Column II.

Column I	Column II
P. Fehling solution	1. Copper(II)-tartrate in alkaline medium
Q. Benedict reagent	2. Copper(II)-citrate in alkaline medium
R. Tollens reagent	3. Ammoniacal silver(I) complex
S. -DNPH	4. Coloured carbonyl hydrazone formation

a) P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

b) P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3

c) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4

d) P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2

50 / 50

50. Methanal and ethanal are present together in a total amount of . They react completely with excess ethylmagnesium bromide. After hydrolysis, propan--ol and butan--ol are isolated together in yield, giving of alcohol mixture. What was the mole percentage of methanal in the original mixture?

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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Mock Test – Class 12 Chemistry

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