Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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1 / 50

1. The ratio of the inertia and gravitational force acting in any flow, ignoring other forces, is called

a) Euler number

b) Froude number

c) Reynolds number

d) Weber number

2 / 50

2. *An ideal flow of a liquid obeys

a) continuity equation

b) Newton's second law of viscosity

c) Newton's second law of motion

d) dynamic viscosity

3 / 50

3. The imaginary line drawn such that the tangents at its all points indicate the direction of the velocity of the fluid particle at each point is called

a) path line

b) stream line

c) potential line

d) streak line

4 / 50

4. In the case of a broad-crested weir, the depth of water h at the end of the still is given by

a) h = H/2

b) h = 2H/3

c) h = 3H/4

d) h = H

5 / 50

5. Poise is the unit of

a) mass density

b) kinematic viscosity

c) viscosity

d) pressure gradient

6 / 50

6. *An independent mass of a fluid does not possess

a) elevation energy

b) kinetic energy

c) pressure energy

d) none of the above

7 / 50

7. *The main assumption of Bernoulli's equation is

a) the velocity of energy of liquid particles across any cross-section of a pipe is uniform

b) no external force except gravity acts on the liquid

c) there is no loss of energy of the liquid while flowing

d) all of the above

8 / 50

8. *The rate of flow through a venturimeter varies as

a) H^1/2

b) H^3/2

c) H^4/2

d) H^5/2

9 / 50

9. In a flowing liquid, a particle may possess

a) potential energy

b) kinetic energy

c) pressure energy

d) all of the above

10 / 50

10. *The pressure in pipe flow is normally

a) less than atmospheric pressure

b) equal to atmospheric pressure

c) more than atmospheric pressure

d) none of the above

11 / 50

11. If H is the height of the liquid above the sill, the effect of end contraction on each side, according to Francis' formula, is

a) 0.1H

b) 0.2H

c) 0.3H

d) 0.4H

12 / 50

12. With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge is

a) 6% to 7%

b) 8% to 10%

c) 12% to 15%

d) 25% to 30%

13 / 50

13. If the density of a fluid is constant from point to point in a flow region, it is called

a) steady flow

b) incompressible flow

c) uniform flow

d) rotational flow

14 / 50

14. *The continuity equation deals with the law of conservation of

a) mass

b) momentum

c) energy

d) force

15 / 50

15. At the vena contracta, the jet has the minimum cross-sectional area, and so the velocity of the liquid at this section will be

a) minimum

b) maximum

c) average

d) critical

16 / 50

16. When the pipes are connected in parallel, the total loss of head

a) is equal to the sum of the loss of head in each pipe

b) is the same as in each pipe

c) is equal to the reciprocal of the sum of the loss of head in each pipe

d) none of the above

17 / 50

17. The flow in which each liquid particle has a definite path is called

a) stream line flow

b) uniform flow

c) steady flow

d) turbulent flow

18 / 50

18. In an open channel flow

a) the velocity distribution is symmetrical about the pipe axis

b) the maximum velocity occurs at a little distance below the water surface

c) flow cross-section is fixed

d) the flow takes place at the expense of hydraulic pressure

19 / 50

19. The term P/pg is known as

a) kinetic energy

b) pressure energy per unit weight

c) kinetic energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

20 / 50

20. Reynolds number is the ratio of initial force and

a) viscosity

b) elasticity

c) gravitational force

d) surface tension

21 / 50

21. Hydrostatic pressure on a dam depends upon its

a) length

b) depth

c) shape

d) both (b) and (c) of the above

22 / 50

22. *The most economical section of a circular channel for the maximum velocity is when

a) depth of water = 0.810 diameter

b) hydraulic mean depth = 0.304 diameter of the circular section

c) wetted perimeter = 2.245 diameters of the circular section

d) all of the above

23 / 50

23. The hydrostatic force exerted by 2 m deep water on the gate downstream is equal to

a) 40 kN

b) 10 kN

c) 20 kN

d) 30 kN

24 / 50

24. Mass density of liquid (p) is given by

a) p = mass/volume

b) p = metric slug/m^2

c) p = kgsec^3/m^4

d) all of the above

25 / 50

25. In an inclined position, a venturimeter records

a) less reading

b) same reading

c) more reading

d) none of the above

26 / 50

26. *Hydraulic gradient is equal to

a) difference in water surface / total length of the channel

b) total loss due to friction / total length of the channel

c) wetted perimeter / total length of the channel

d) area of cross-section / total length of the channel

27 / 50

27. *Water cushion is used to

a) sit in the house

b) destroy the energy

c) produce energy

d) none of the above

28 / 50

28. If S is the height of the crest above the base of the channel and H is the head of water over the weir, whose length is L and discharge is Q m^3/sec, the velocity of approach V_a is

a) √2gh

b) Q/L(H-L)

c) Q/L(H+L)

d) L(H+S)/Q

29 / 50

29. *Losses are more in

a) laminar flow

b) critical flow

c) turbulent flow

d) transition flow

30 / 50

30. Total pressure on the top of a closed cylindrical vessel completely filled with liquid is directly proportional to

a) radius

b) (radius)^2

c) (radius)^3

d) (radius)^4

31 / 50

31. *The equation of continuity of fluids is applicable only if

a) the flow is steady

b) the flow is in-compressible

c) the flow is one-dimensional

d) all of the above

32 / 50

32. If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of channels is made by comparing

a) Reynold number

b) Froude number

c) Weber number

d) Mach number

33 / 50

33. *Which of the following statements is valid?

a) a fluid with low viscosity resists motion because its molecular structure gives it a lot of internal friction

b) viscosity describes the internal friction of a moving fluid

c) two fluids with the same dynamic viscosities have the same kinematic viscosities irrespective of their densities

d) intensity of liquid pressure at the bottom of a tank is w.g.h/3

34 / 50

34. A ideal fluid

a) is frictionless and incompressible

b) obey Newton's law of viscosity

c) is similar to gas

d) is very viscous

35 / 50

35. If the volume of a liquid weighing 3000 kg is 4 cubic meters, then 0.75 is its

a) specific weight

b) specific mass

c) specific gravity

d) none of the above

36 / 50

36. *The upper surface of the weir over which water flows is known as

a) crest

b) notch

c) top level

d) none of the above

37 / 50

37. The depth of flow after the hydraulic jump is

a) d2 = d1/2 [√1+8(Fe)1^2 -1]

b) d1 = d2/2 [√1+8(Fe)1^2 -1]

c) d2 = d1/3 [√1+8(Fe)1^2 -1]

d) d2 = d1/2 [√1+2(Fe)1^2 -1]

38 / 50

38. *Venturimeter is used to measure

a) rate of flow

b) velocity

c) depth of flow

d) all of the above

39 / 50

39. *Manometers are used to measure

a) pressure in water channels, pipes, etc.

b) difference in pressure at two points

c) atmospheric pressure

d) very low pressure

40 / 50

40. If the fluid particles move in a zig-zag way, the flow is called

a) unsteady

b) non-uniform

c) turbulent

d) incompressible

41 / 50

41. *If a pitot tube is placed with its nose facing sideways, the liquid

a) rises in the tube

b) falls in the tube

c) neither rises nor falls in the tube

d) all of the above

42 / 50

42. *The rise of the water table, which takes place due to the transformation of the unstable shooting flow (super-critical) to the stable streaming is called

a) hydraulic jump

b) standing wave

c) both (a) and (b) above

d) water cushion

43 / 50

43. Specific weight of sea water is more than that of pure water because of

a) dissolved air

b) dissolved salts

c) suspended matter

d) all of the above

44 / 50

44. *The hydraulic ram is a device

a) for lifting water without an electric motor

b) for accelerating water flow

c) for lifting heavy loads

d) none of the above

45 / 50

45. *Hydraulic gradient line (H.G.L.) represents the sum of

a) pressure head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and datum head

c) pressure head, kinetic head, and datum head

d) pressure head and datum head

46 / 50

46. The water immediately downstream of the conduit or weir is called

a) head water

b) tail water

c) main water

d) surplus water

47 / 50

47. To ensure that water does not rise more than 100 cm above the crest, for a discharge of 5.00 m^3/sec, the length of the weir will be (Cd = 0.62)

a) 2.48 m

b) 2.73 m

c) 2.50 m

d) 2.51 m

48 / 50

48. From a nozzle exposed to the atmosphere, the liquid jet traverses

a) a straight line

b) a circular path

c) a parabolic path

d) an elliptical path

49 / 50

49. Total head of a particle in motion is the sum of

a) potential head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and pressure head

c) potential head and pressure head

d) potential head, kinetic head, and pressure head

50 / 50

50. *Pressure head is given by

a) P/w

b) z

c) v/2g

d) all

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