Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Total Questions: 50
Time Allotted: 50 minutes
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1 / 50

1. When the water level on the downstream side of a weir is above the top surface of a weir, the weir is known as:

a) submerged weir

b) narrow-crested weir

c) broad-crested weir

d) ogee weir

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2. If the Froude number in open channel flow is less than 1.0, the flow is called

a) critical flow

b) super-critical flow

c) sub-critical flow

d) none of the above

3 / 50

3. *Manometers are used to measure

a) pressure in water channels, pipes, etc.

b) difference in pressure at two points

c) atmospheric pressure

d) very low pressure

4 / 50

4. "Maximum efficiency of power transmission through a pipe is

a) 50%

b) 60%

c) 66%

d) 76%

5 / 50

5. Reynolds number is the ratio of initial force and

a) viscosity

b) elasticity

c) gravitational force

d) surface tension

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6. The most economical section of a circular channel for the maximum discharge is when

a) depth of water = 0.95 diameter of the circular section

b) hydraulic mean depth = 0.286 diameter of the circular section

c) wetted perimeter = 2.6 diameters of the circular section

d) all of the above

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7. *Hydraulic gradient line (H.G.L.) represents the sum of

a) pressure head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and datum head

c) pressure head, kinetic head, and datum head

d) pressure head and datum head

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8. *The hydraulic ram is a device

a) for lifting water without an electric motor

b) for accelerating water flow

c) for lifting heavy loads

d) none of the above

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9. The continuity equation

a) expresses the relationship between work and energy

b) relates the momentum per unit volume between two points on a stream line

c) relates the mass rate of flow along a stream line

d) requires that Newton's second law of motion be satisfied at every point in the fluid.

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10. The maximum velocity in an open channel occurs

a) at the bottom of the channel

b) at 1/2 the depth of the channel

c) slightly below the free surface

d) at the free surface

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11. A siphon is an

a) L-shaped pipe

b) U-shaped pipe

c) inverted U-shaped pipe

d) all of the above

12 / 50

12. In an open channels the analysis of a sugar is done by using

a) continuity equation

b) momentum equation

c) energy equation

d) none of the above

13 / 50

13. The most efficient channel section is

a) semi-circular

b) rectangular

c) triangular

d) trapezoidal

14 / 50

14. In the case of vortex flow, the level of water at the center is

a) higher than circumference

b) lower than circumference

c) same as circumference

d) all of the above

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15. *Cipolletti weir is a trapezoidal weir having a side slope of

a) H:V::1:2

b) H:V::2:1

c) H:V::1:4

d) none of the above

16 / 50

16. *The orifice used for low discharge is

a) rectangular

b) circular

c) square

d) triangular

17 / 50

17. If the fluid particles move in straight lines and all the lines are parallel to the surface, the flow is called

a) steady

b) uniform

c) compressible

d) laminar

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18. An oil of specific gravity 0.7 and pressure 0.14 kgf/cm^2 will have the height of oil as

a) 70 cm of oil

b) 2 m of oil

c) 20 cm of oil

d) 80 cm of oil

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19. The ratio of the mean velocity to the surface velocity in open channels is equal to

a) 0.55

b) 0.75

c) 0.88

d) 1.75

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20. The discharge through a V-notch weir is directly proportional to:

a) the bed slope of the channel upstream

b) the depth of flow

c) the top width of the notch

d) the angle of the notch and the depth of the flow

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21. With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge is

a) 6% to 7%

b) 8% to 10%

c) 12% to 15%

d) 25% to 30%

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22. In the case of leveling by a level pipe, the level is indicated by

a) upper face

b) middle face

c) lower face

d) all of the above

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23. *The discharge through a trapezoidal channel is maximum when

a) half of the width = sloping side

b) top width = 1/2 sloping side

c) top width = 1.5 sloping side

d) none of the above

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24. *An orifice is called a large orifice if the water head is

a) two times the diameter of the pipe

b) three times the diameter of the pipe

c) four times the diameter of the pipe

d) five times the diameter of the pipe

25 / 50

25. *The hydraulic ram is a pump that works on

a) the principle of water hammer

b) the principle of centrifugal action

c) the principle of reciprocation action

d) all of the above

26 / 50

26. *Surface tension is the force

a) per unit length

b) per unit area

c) per unit volume

d) all of the above

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27. *Total energy line (T.E.L) represents the sum of

a) pressure head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and datum head

c) pressure head and datum head

d) pressure head, kinetic head, and datum head

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28. The phenomenon of rising of a liquid surface in a tube of small diameter relative to the adjacent normal level of the liquid is known as

a) capillary rise

b) capillary fall

c) rising

d) none of the above

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29. *The notch angle for the maximum discharge over a triangular notch is

a) 30°

b) 60°

c) 90°

d) 120°

30 / 50

30. Crest of a weir is lower than d/s water level

a) submerged weir

b) Cipolletti weir

c) triangular weir

d) sharp-crested weir

31 / 50

31. A siphon is used

a) to connect water reservoirs at different levels intervened by a hill

b) to supply water to a town from a higher level to a lower level

c) to fill up a tank with water at a higher level from a lower level

d) none of the above

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32. The line joining the points to which the liquid rises in vertical piezometer tubes fitted at different cross-sections of a conduit is known as

a) hydraulic gradient

b) piezometric line

c) pressure grade line

d) all of the above

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33. *Rotameter is used for measuring

a) density of fluids

b) value of fluids in a pipe

c) discharge of fluids

d) pressure in fluids

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34. If the total head of the nozzle of a pipe is 37.5m and the discharge is 1 cubic meter per second, then the power generated is

a) 500 HP

b) 550 HP

c) 400 HP

d) 450 HP

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35. Which of the following is the example of laminar flow?

a) underground flow

b) flow past tiny bodies

c) both of (a) and (b)

d) none of the above

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36. *A stepped notch is a combination of

a) rectangular notches of different sizes

b) triangular notches of different sizes

c) rectangular and triangular notches

d) all of the above

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37. The difference in pressure head measured by a mercury-oil differential manometer for a 20 cm difference of mercury level will be (specific gravity of oil-0.8)

a) 2.72m of oil

b) 2.52m of oil

c) 3.20m of oil

d) 0.2m of oil

38 / 50

38. Specific weight of liquid

a) remains constant at every place

b) does not remain constant at every place

c) varies from place to place

d) does not vary on any other planet except earth

39 / 50

39. The minimum head loss will occur in

a) orifice meter

b) venturimeter

c) nozzle meter

d) none of the above

40 / 50

40. The hydrostatic force exerted by 2 m deep water on the gate downstream is equal to

a) 40 kN

b) 10 kN

c) 20 kN

d) 30 kN

41 / 50

41. *Losses are more in

a) laminar flow

b) critical flow

c) turbulent flow

d) transition flow

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42. *Pascal's law states that pressure at a point is equal in all directions

a) in a liquid at rest

b) in a fluid at rest

c) in a laminar flow

d) in a turbulent flow

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43. In a flowing liquid, a particle may possess

a) potential energy

b) kinetic energy

c) pressure energy

d) all of the above

44 / 50

44. Gauge pressure is

a) absolute - atmosphere

b) absolute + atmosphere

c) atmospheric ± absolute

d) none of the above

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45. *The main assumption of Bernoulli's equation is

a) the velocity of energy of liquid particles across any cross-section of a pipe is uniform

b) no external force except gravity acts on the liquid

c) there is no loss of energy of the liquid while flowing

d) all of the above

46 / 50

46. The two depths at which the specific energy is the same are called

a) alternate depths

b) conjugate depths

c) critical depths

d) normal depths

47 / 50

47. Specific weight of sea water is more than that of pure water because of

a) dissolved air

b) dissolved salts

c) suspended matter

d) all of the above

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48. *Uniform flow is said to occur when

a) the size and shape of the cross-section in a particular length remain constant

b) the size and shape of the cross-section change along a length

c) the frictional loss in the particular length of the channel will be more than the drop in elevation

d) the frictional loss in the particular length of the channel will be less than the drop in elevation

49 / 50

49. If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of channels is made by comparing

a) Reynold number

b) Froude number

c) Weber number

d) Mach number

50 / 50

50. *Molecules of fluids get attracted due to

a) capillary action

b) surface tension

c) adhesion

d) cohesion

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