Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Total Questions: 50
Time Allotted: 50 minutes
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1 / 50

1. Liquids or fluids

a) have no shape

b) cannot be compressed

c) both (a) and (b) of above

d) none of the above

2 / 50

2. Total head of a particle in motion is the sum of

a) potential head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and pressure head

c) potential head and pressure head

d) potential head, kinetic head, and pressure head

3 / 50

3. *A flow is said to be laminar when

a) the fluid particles move in a zig-zag way

b) the Reynolds number is high

c) the fluid particles move in layers parallel to the boundary

d) none of the above

4 / 50

4. *The most economical section of a circular channel for the maximum velocity is when

a) depth of water = 0.810 diameter

b) hydraulic mean depth = 0.304 diameter of the circular section

c) wetted perimeter = 2.245 diameters of the circular section

d) all of the above

5 / 50

5. The capillary rise or fall of the liquid is given by

a) h = σ cos θ / 4ρgd

b) h = 4σ cos θ / ρgd

c) h = 8σ cos θ / ρgd

d) none of the above

6 / 50

6. For the flow of liquid from an open-ended tube (nozzle) leading to the formation of a spray of liquid drops, the number generally is

a) Euler number

b) Froude number

c) Weber number

d) Reynolds number

7 / 50

7. *The difference between the total energy gradient line and the total energy line is

a) kinetic head

b) pressure head

c) datum head

d) loss of head

8 / 50

8. If the Froude number in open channel flow is equal to 1.0, the flow is called

a) critical flow

b) streaming flow

c) shooting flow

d) none of the above

9 / 50

9. *The hydraulic radius is equal to

a) area divided by the square of the wetted perimeter

b) wetted area divided by the wetted perimeter

c) the wetted perimeter divided by the area

d) the square root of the area

10 / 50

10. The discharge through a V-notch weir is directly proportional to:

a) the bed slope of the channel upstream

b) the depth of flow

c) the top width of the notch

d) the angle of the notch and the depth of the flow

11 / 50

11. *The specific weight of water 1000 kg/m^3

a) at normal pressure of 760 mm

b) at 4°C temperature

c) at mean sea level

d) all of the above

12 / 50

12. The multiplying factor for converting one poise into MKS unit of dynamic viscosity is

a) 1

b) 0.1

c) 0.001

d) 0.0001

13 / 50

13. A ideal fluid

a) is frictionless and incompressible

b) obey Newton's law of viscosity

c) is similar to gas

d) is very viscous

14 / 50

14. When the fluid is at rest, the shear stress is

a) maximum

b) zero

c) unpredictable

d) none of the above

15 / 50

15. The phenomenon of rising of a liquid surface in a tube of small diameter relative to the adjacent normal level of the liquid is known as

a) capillary rise

b) capillary fall

c) rising

d) none of the above

16 / 50

16. *The imaginary line joining each head of water is called

a) hydraulic gradient line

b) residual line

c) loss of gradient line

d) none of the above

17 / 50

17. For a circular channel, the wetted perimeter is given by (where θ=half the angle subtended by the water at the center and R= radius of circular channel)

a) 2Rθ

b) 3Rθ

c) 4Rθ

d) all of the above

18 / 50

18. Mouthpieces are used to measure

a) velocity

b) pressure

c) head

d) rate of flow

19 / 50

19. Hydrostatic pressure on a dam depends upon its

a) length

b) depth

c) shape

d) both (b) and (c) of the above

20 / 50

20. The hydrostatic force exerted by 2 m deep water on the gate downstream is equal to

a) 40 kN

b) 10 kN

c) 20 kN

d) 30 kN

21 / 50

21. *The term v^2/2g is known as

a) kinetic energy

b) pressure energy

c) kinetic energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

22 / 50

22. If the density of a fluid is constant from point to point in a flow region, it is called

a) steady flow

b) incompressible flow

c) uniform flow

d) rotational flow

23 / 50

23. If fluid or flow parameters at any given instant remain the same at every point in space, it is called:

a) steady flow

b) laminar flow

c) uniform flow

d) rotational flow

24 / 50

24. *Viscosity of a liquid

a) drops with temperature

b) rises with temperature

c) does not vary with temperature

d) remains constant up to a certain temperature

25 / 50

25. *The notch angle for the maximum discharge over a triangular notch is

a) 30°

b) 60°

c) 90°

d) 120°

26 / 50

26. The ratio of the percentage error in the discharge and the percentage error in the measurement of head over a rectangular notch is

a) 1/2

b) 2/3

c) 3/2

d) 3/4

27 / 50

27. *The rate of flow through a venturimeter varies as

a) H^1/2

b) H^3/2

c) H^4/2

d) H^5/2

28 / 50

28. The imaginary line drawn such that the tangents at its all points indicate the direction of the velocity of the fluid particle at each point is called

a) path line

b) stream line

c) potential line

d) streak line

29 / 50

29. *Pressure within a soap bubble is

a) equal to vapor pressure

b) less than external pressure

c) more than external pressure

d) equal to external pressure

30 / 50

30. For the same specific force, the two depths at which the same discharge occurs are called

a) alternate depths

b) conjugate depths

c) critical depths

d) normal depths

31 / 50

31. When the pipes are connected in parallel, the total loss of head

a) is equal to the sum of the loss of head in each pipe

b) is the same as in each pipe

c) is equal to the reciprocal of the sum of the loss of head in each pipe

d) none of the above

32 / 50

32. A triangular notch is preferred to a rectangular notch because

a) only one reading is required

b) its formula is simple to remember

c) it gives more accurate results for low discharge (Q≤100m^3/sec)

d) it measures a wide range of flows accurately

33 / 50

33. *Bernoulli's equation is applied to

a) venturimeter

b) orifice meter

c) pitot tube

d) all of the above

34 / 50

34. If S is the height of the crest above the base of the channel and H is the head of water over the weir, whose length is L and discharge is Q m^3/sec, the velocity of approach V_a is

a) √2gh

b) Q/L(H-L)

c) Q/L(H+L)

d) L(H+S)/Q

35 / 50

35. A siphon is used

a) to connect water reservoirs at different levels intervened by a hill

b) to supply water to a town from a higher level to a lower level

c) to fill up a tank with water at a higher level from a lower level

d) none of the above

36 / 50

36. Mach number is the ratio of inertia force to

a) viscosity

b) Froude number

c) gravitational force

d) elasticity

37 / 50

37. The maximum velocity in an open channel occurs

a) at the bottom of the channel

b) at 1/2 the depth of the channel

c) slightly below the free surface

d) at the free surface

38 / 50

38. *If the volume of liquid weighing 3000 kg is 4 cubic meters, then the specific gravity is

a) 750 kg/m^3

b) 12000 kg/m^3

c) 1.33

d) 0.75

39 / 50

39. If the density of a fluid changes from point to point in a flow region, it is called

a) steady flow

b) unsteady flow

c) non-uniform flow

d) compressible flow

40 / 50

40. The depth of flow at which the specific energy is minimum is called

a) normal depth

b) critical depth

c) alternate depth

d) all of the above

41 / 50

41. *Bernoulli's equation assumes that

a) fluid is non-viscous

b) fluid is homogeneous

c) flow is along the streamline

d) all of the above

42 / 50

42. A vessel having a depth of 30 cm is filled with water up to a depth of 10 cm from the top level. Find the pressure exerted at a depth of 5 cm and 15 cm from the top of the vessel respectively

a) 0, 50 kg/m^2

b) 0, 150 kg/m^2

c) 0, 100 kg/m^2

d) 50 kg/m^2, 50 kg/m^2

43 / 50

43. *The orifice used for low discharge is

a) rectangular

b) circular

c) square

d) triangular

44 / 50

44. Reynolds number is the ratio of initial force and

a) viscosity

b) elasticity

c) gravitational force

d) surface tension

45 / 50

45. If H is the height of the liquid above the sill, the effect of end contraction on each side, according to Francis' formula, is

a) 0.1H

b) 0.2H

c) 0.3H

d) 0.4H

46 / 50

46. To ensure that water does not rise more than 100 cm above the crest, for a discharge of 5.00 m^3/sec, the length of the weir will be (Cd = 0.62)

a) 2.48 m

b) 2.73 m

c) 2.50 m

d) 2.51 m

47 / 50

47. With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge is

a) 6% to 7%

b) 8% to 10%

c) 12% to 15%

d) 25% to 30%

48 / 50

48. In a venturimeter, the divergent cone is kept

a) shorter than the convergent cone

b) longer than the convergent cone

c) equal to the convergent cone

d) none of the above

49 / 50

49. *The upper surface of the notch over which water flows is known as

a) vein

b) nappe

c) sill

d) none of the above

50 / 50

50. Hydraulic gradient line and total energy line are

a) same

b) different

c) differ by pressure head

d) differ by static head

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