Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Total Questions: 50
Time Allotted: 50 minutes
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1 / 50

1. Find the capillary rise/fall in a glass tube when immersed in mercury with the following given data: surface tension, σ = 0.52 gmf/cm, angle of contact, θ = 130°, S.G. of mercury = 13.6, diameter of the pipe = 2.5 mm.

a) 0.393 cm rise

b) 0.393 cm fall

c) neither fall nor rise

d) all of the above

2 / 50

2. *Rotameter is used for measuring

a) density of fluids

b) value of fluids in a pipe

c) discharge of fluids

d) pressure in fluids

3 / 50

3. *The magnitude of water hammer depends upon

a) the length of the pipeline

b) elastic properties of liquid

c) elastic properties of the pipe material

d) diameter of the pipeline

4 / 50

4. *Molecules of fluids get attracted due to

a) capillary action

b) surface tension

c) adhesion

d) cohesion

5 / 50

5. *The energy possessed by a fluid by virtue of its existing pressure is called

a) elevation energy

b) kinetic energy

c) potential energy

d) all of the above

6 / 50

6. Hydraulic gradient line and total energy line are

a) same

b) different

c) differ by pressure head

d) differ by static head

7 / 50

7. The depth of flow at which the specific energy is minimum is called

a) normal depth

b) critical depth

c) alternate depth

d) all of the above

8 / 50

8. *Bernoulli's equation assumes that

a) fluid is non-viscous

b) fluid is homogeneous

c) flow is along the streamline

d) all of the above

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9. *The imaginary line joining each head of water is called

a) hydraulic gradient line

b) residual line

c) loss of gradient line

d) none of the above

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10. *The rate of flow through a venturimeter varies as

a) H^1/2

b) H^3/2

c) H^4/2

d) H^5/2

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11. *A stepped notch is a combination of

a) rectangular notches of different sizes

b) triangular notches of different sizes

c) rectangular and triangular notches

d) all of the above

12 / 50

12. *To measure atmospheric pressure, we use

a) barometers

b) piezometer

c) manometers

d) differential manometers

13 / 50

13. Hydraulic gradient line for an open flow channel is

a) below water level

b) same as water level

c) above water level

d) all of the above

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14. *Cavitations is caused by

a) low pressure

b) high pressure

c) low velocity

d) high velocity

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15. In the case of a broad-crested weir, the depth of water h at the end of the still is given by

a) h = H/2

b) h = 2H/3

c) h = 3H/4

d) h = H

16 / 50

16. A triangular notch is preferred to a rectangular notch because

a) only one reading is required

b) its formula is simple to remember

c) it gives more accurate results for low discharge (Q≤100m^3/sec)

d) it measures a wide range of flows accurately

17 / 50

17. *Pascal's law states that pressure at a point is equal in all directions

a) in a liquid at rest

b) in a fluid at rest

c) in a laminar flow

d) in a turbulent flow

18 / 50

18. *The upper surface of the weir over which water flows is known as:

a) vein

b) nappe

c) sill

d) none of the above

19 / 50

19. The depth of flow after the hydraulic jump is

a) d2 = d1/2 [√1+8(Fe)1^2 -1]

b) d1 = d2/2 [√1+8(Fe)1^2 -1]

c) d2 = d1/3 [√1+8(Fe)1^2 -1]

d) d2 = d1/2 [√1+2(Fe)1^2 -1]

20 / 50

20. *The condition for the maximum velocity and discharge is given by (closed flow)

a) 0.81D & 0.95D

b) 0.82D & 0.94D

c) 0.83D & 0.93D

d) 0.84D & 0.92D

21 / 50

21. The term z is known as

a) potential energy

b) pressure energy

c) potential energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

22 / 50

22. The ratio of the percentage error in the discharge and the percentage error in the measurement of head over a triangular notch is

a) 2/3

b) 3/2

c) 2/5

d) 5/2

23 / 50

23. *Venturimeter is used to measure

a) rate of flow

b) velocity

c) depth of flow

d) all of the above

24 / 50

24. When the pipes are connected in parallel, the total loss of head

a) is equal to the sum of the loss of head in each pipe

b) is the same as in each pipe

c) is equal to the reciprocal of the sum of the loss of head in each pipe

d) none of the above

25 / 50

25. Chazy's formula is used to determine

a) head loss due to friction in pipes

b) velocity of flow in pipe

c) velocity of flow in channels

d) none of the above

26 / 50

26. *The rate of flow through a V-notch varies as:

a) H

b) H1/2

c) H3/2

d) H5/2

27 / 50

27. In an open channel flow

a) the velocity distribution is symmetrical about the pipe axis

b) the maximum velocity occurs at a little distance below the water surface

c) flow cross-section is fixed

d) the flow takes place at the expense of hydraulic pressure

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28. A rise or fall of liquid in a glass tube of a very small diameter when dipped is

a) directly proportional to the force per unit length of periphery

b) directly proportional to the sine of the angle of contact

c) directly proportional to the specific weight of the liquid

d) inversely proportional to the diameter of the glass tube

29 / 50

29. In an open channel flow

a) the hydraulic gradient line is lower than the liquid surface

b) the hydraulic gradient line coincides with the liquid surface

c) the hydraulic gradient line is higher than the liquid surface

d) none of the above

30 / 50

30. An oil of specific gravity 0.7 and pressure 0.14 kgf/cm^2 will have the height of oil as

a) 70 cm of oil

b) 2 m of oil

c) 20 cm of oil

d) 80 cm of oil

31 / 50

31. From a nozzle exposed to the atmosphere, the liquid jet traverses

a) a straight line

b) a circular path

c) a parabolic path

d) an elliptical path

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32. If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of channels is made by comparing

a) Reynold number

b) Froude number

c) Weber number

d) Mach number

33 / 50

33. If the density of a fluid changes from point to point in a flow region, it is called

a) steady flow

b) unsteady flow

c) non-uniform flow

d) compressible flow

34 / 50

34. *The difference between the total energy gradient line and the total energy line is

a) kinetic head

b) pressure head

c) datum head

d) loss of head

35 / 50

35. The discharge through a V-notch weir is directly proportional to:

a) the bed slope of the channel upstream

b) the depth of flow

c) the top width of the notch

d) the angle of the notch and the depth of the flow

36 / 50

36. The profile of rising water on the upstream side of the dam is called

a) back water curve

b) forwater curve

c) normal water curve

d) all of the above

37 / 50

37. *If the volume of liquid weighing 3000 kg is 4 cubic meters, then the specific gravity is

a) 750 kg/m^3

b) 12000 kg/m^3

c) 1.33

d) 0.75

38 / 50

38. For a long pipe, the head loss

a) at the entrance is ignored

b) at the outlet is ignored

c) at the entrance and outlet both are ignored

d) due to friction is ignored

39 / 50

39. *The magnitude of capillary rise is more in:

a) silts

b) sands

c) clays

d) gravels

40 / 50

40. *The rise of the water table, which takes place due to the transformation of the unstable shooting flow (super-critical) to the stable streaming is called

a) hydraulic jump

b) standing wave

c) both (a) and (b) above

d) water cushion

41 / 50

41. A steady uniform flow is through a

a) long pipe at decreasing rate

b) long pipe at constant rate

c) long pipe at increasing rate

d) none of the above

42 / 50

42. *Surface float is used to measure

a) pressure

b) difference in pressure

c) viscosity of flow

d) none of the above

43 / 50

43. *Bernoulli's theorem deals with the law of conservation of

a) energy

b) all of the above

c) mass

d) momentum

44 / 50

44. If the volume of a liquid weighing 3000 kg is 4 cubic meters, then 0.75 is its

a) specific weight

b) specific mass

c) specific gravity

d) none of the above

45 / 50

45. *The hydraulic ram is a device

a) for lifting water without an electric motor

b) for accelerating water flow

c) for lifting heavy loads

d) none of the above

46 / 50

46. The capillary rise or fall of the liquid is given by

a) h = σ cos θ / 4ρgd

b) h = 4σ cos θ / ρgd

c) h = 8σ cos θ / ρgd

d) none of the above

47 / 50

47. Water hammer is a phenomenon that occurs

a) when pressure increases sudden closure of the valve

b) when pressure decreases sudden opening of the valve

c) due to the elastic material of the pipe

d) due to the incompressible nature of the fluid

48 / 50

48. Cavitations in flowing fluid occurs when

a) the total energy suddenly increases

b) the total energy suddenly decreases

c) the total energy is constant

d) none of the above

49 / 50

49. *A flow is said to be laminar when

a) the fluid particles move in a zig-zag way

b) the Reynolds number is high

c) the fluid particles move in layers parallel to the boundary

d) none of the above

50 / 50

50. *Variation in volume of liquid with variation in pressure is called

a) plasticity

b) viscosity

c) compressibility

d) none of the above

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