Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Total Questions: 50
Time Allotted: 50 minutes
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1 / 50

1. Find the capillary rise/fall in a glass tube when immersed in mercury with the following given data: surface tension, σ = 0.52 gmf/cm, angle of contact, θ = 130°, S.G. of mercury = 13.6, diameter of the pipe = 2.5 mm.

a) 0.393 cm rise

b) 0.393 cm fall

c) neither fall nor rise

d) all of the above

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2. Cavitations is collapsed by

a) low pressure

b) high pressure

c) low velocity

d) high velocity

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3. *If the velocity, pressure, density, etc., change at a point with respect to time, the flow is called

a) uniform

b) compressible

c) unsteady

d) incompressible

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4. Liquids or fluids

a) have no shape

b) cannot be compressed

c) both (a) and (b) of above

d) none of the above

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5. *Surface tension is the force

a) per unit length

b) per unit area

c) per unit volume

d) all of the above

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6. Euler's number is the ratio of

a) inertia force to pressure force

b) pressure force to elastic force

c) elastic force to viscous force

d) viscous force to inertia force

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7. If the Froude number in open channel flow is less than 1.0, the flow is called

a) critical flow

b) super-critical flow

c) sub-critical flow

d) none of the above

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8. *The upper surface of the weir over which water flows is known as:

a) vein

b) nappe

c) sill

d) none of the above

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9. In an inclined position, a venturimeter records

a) less reading

b) same reading

c) more reading

d) none of the above

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10. Specific energy of a flowing fluid per unit weight is equal to

a) (v^2/2g) + h

b) (h^2/2g) + v

c) (v^2/2h) + g

d) (v^2/3g) + h

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11. If the velocity in a fluid flow changes with respect to the length of the direction of the flow, it is called

a) unsteady flow

b) compressible flow

c) rotational flow

d) none of the above

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12. If the specific gravity of oil is 0.7, then find the density of oil

a) 1000 kg/cm^3

b) 900 kg/cm^3

c) 800 kg/cm^3

d) 700 kg/cm^3

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13. *Venturimeter is used to measure

a) rate of flow

b) velocity

c) depth of flow

d) all of the above

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14. *The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to a slowly flowing stream, causing a distinct rise of the liquid surface, is

a) water hammer

b) hydraulic jump

c) critical discharge

d) all of the above

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15. *The flow in which the path of individual particles of liquid cross each other is called

a) uniform flow

b) turbulent flow

c) stream line flow

d) none of the above

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16. In an open channel flow

a) the hydraulic gradient line is lower than the liquid surface

b) the hydraulic gradient line coincides with the liquid surface

c) the hydraulic gradient line is higher than the liquid surface

d) none of the above

17 / 50

17. *Rotameter is used for measuring

a) density of fluids

b) value of fluids in a pipe

c) discharge of fluids

d) pressure in fluids

18 / 50

18. In a venturimeter, the divergent cone is kept

a) shorter than the convergent cone

b) longer than the convergent cone

c) equal to the convergent cone

d) none of the above

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19. For uniform flow in the channel

a) the total energy line, hydraulic gradient line, and the bottom of the channel are parallel

b) the total energy line and water surface are horizontal, while the bottom of the channel is inclined

c) total energy line, water surface, and the bottom of the channel are parallel

d) none of the above

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20. *The most economical section of a circular channel for the maximum velocity is when

a) depth of water = 0.810 diameter

b) hydraulic mean depth = 0.304 diameter of the circular section

c) wetted perimeter = 2.245 diameters of the circular section

d) all of the above

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21. *Pressure head is given by

a) P/w

b) z

c) v/2g

d) all

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22. To ensure that water does not rise more than 100 cm above the crest, for a discharge of 5.00 m^3/sec, the length of the weir will be (Cd = 0.62)

a) 2.48 m

b) 2.73 m

c) 2.50 m

d) 2.51 m

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23. The two depths at which the specific energy is the same are called

a) alternate depths

b) conjugate depths

c) critical depths

d) normal depths

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24. The pressure difference between inside and outside of a droplet of water is given by (Where σ is surface tension and d is the diameter of the droplet.)

a) 2σ/d

b) 4σ/d

c) 6σ/d

d) 8σ/d

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25. *The difference between the total energy gradient line and the total energy line is

a) kinetic head

b) pressure head

c) datum head

d) loss of head

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26. *The actual velocity through an orifice is........... than the theoretical velocity.

a) more

b) less

c) equal

d) not defined

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27. Chazy's formula is used to determine

a) head loss due to friction in pipes

b) velocity of flow in pipe

c) velocity of flow in channels

d) none of the above

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28. *An orifice is called a large orifice if the water head is

a) two times the diameter of the pipe

b) three times the diameter of the pipe

c) four times the diameter of the pipe

d) five times the diameter of the pipe

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29. If the fluid particles move in a zig-zag way, the flow is called

a) unsteady

b) non-uniform

c) turbulent

d) incompressible

30 / 50

30. In the case of vortex flow, the level of water at the center is

a) higher than circumference

b) lower than circumference

c) same as circumference

d) all of the above

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31. A substance which deforms continuously under the action of shear stress is called

a) fluid

b) liquid

c) solid

d) gas

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32. If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of channels is made by comparing

a) Reynold number

b) Froude number

c) Weber number

d) Mach number

33 / 50

33. *The imaginary line joining each head of water is called

a) hydraulic gradient line

b) residual line

c) loss of gradient line

d) none of the above

34 / 50

34. At the vena contracta, the jet has the minimum cross-sectional area, and so the velocity of the liquid at this section will be

a) minimum

b) maximum

c) average

d) critical

35 / 50

35. *The hydraulic ram is a pump that works on

a) the principle of water hammer

b) the principle of centrifugal action

c) the principle of reciprocation action

d) all of the above

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36. The profile of rising water on the upstream side of the dam is called

a) back water curve

b) forwater curve

c) normal water curve

d) all of the above

37 / 50

37. In an open channels the analysis of a sugar is done by using

a) continuity equation

b) momentum equation

c) energy equation

d) none of the above

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38. *The condition for the maximum velocity and discharge is given by (closed flow)

a) 0.81D & 0.95D

b) 0.82D & 0.94D

c) 0.83D & 0.93D

d) 0.84D & 0.92D

39 / 50

39. A siphon is an

a) L-shaped pipe

b) U-shaped pipe

c) inverted U-shaped pipe

d) all of the above

40 / 50

40. Total head of a particle in motion is the sum of

a) potential head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and pressure head

c) potential head and pressure head

d) potential head, kinetic head, and pressure head

41 / 50

41. *Bernoulli's equation assumes that

a) fluid is non-viscous

b) fluid is homogeneous

c) flow is along the streamline

d) all of the above

42 / 50

42. The inlet length of a venturimeter

a) is equal to the outlet length

b) is more than the outlet length

c) is less than the outlet length

d) none of the above

43 / 50

43. The capillary rise or fall of the liquid is given by

a) h = σ cos θ / 4ρgd

b) h = 4σ cos θ / ρgd

c) h = 8σ cos θ / ρgd

d) none of the above

44 / 50

44. *The discharge through a trapezoidal channel is maximum when

a) half of the width = sloping side

b) top width = 1/2 sloping side

c) top width = 1.5 sloping side

d) none of the above

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45. The total energy of a liquid in motion is equal to:

a) pressure energy + kinetic energy + potential energy

b) pressure energy - (kinetic energy + potential energy)

c) potential energy - (pressure energy + kinetic energy)

d) kinetic energy - (pressure energy + potential energy)

46 / 50

46. The line joining the points to which the liquid rises in vertical piezometer tubes fitted at different cross-sections of a conduit is known as

a) hydraulic gradient

b) piezometric line

c) pressure grade line

d) all of the above

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47. *The hydraulic ram is a device

a) for lifting water without an electric motor

b) for accelerating water flow

c) for lifting heavy loads

d) none of the above

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48. Gauge pressure is

a) absolute - atmosphere

b) absolute + atmosphere

c) atmospheric ± absolute

d) none of the above

49 / 50

49. The viscosity of liquids varies with temperature

a) directly proportional

b) inversely proportional

c) constant

d) none of the above

50 / 50

50. *Orifice-meter is used to measure:

a) pressure at the point

b) discharge

c) average speed

d) velocity

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