Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Total Questions: 50
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1 / 50

1. *The orifice used for low discharge is

a) rectangular

b) circular

c) square

d) triangular

2 / 50

2. The water immediately downstream of the conduit or weir is called

a) head water

b) tail water

c) main water

d) surplus water

3 / 50

3. The most efficient channel section is

a) semi-circular

b) rectangular

c) triangular

d) trapezoidal

4 / 50

4. If the Froude number in open channel flow is less than 1.0, the flow is called

a) critical flow

b) super-critical flow

c) sub-critical flow

d) none of the above

5 / 50

5. The capillary rise or fall of the liquid is given by

a) h = σ cos θ / 4ρgd

b) h = 4σ cos θ / ρgd

c) h = 8σ cos θ / ρgd

d) none of the above

6 / 50

6. *The equation of continuity of fluids is applicable only if

a) the flow is steady

b) the flow is in-compressible

c) the flow is one-dimensional

d) all of the above

7 / 50

7. *Total energy line (T.E.L) represents the sum of

a) pressure head and kinetic head

b) kinetic head and datum head

c) pressure head and datum head

d) pressure head, kinetic head, and datum head

8 / 50

8. The term P/pg is known as

a) kinetic energy

b) pressure energy per unit weight

c) kinetic energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

9 / 50

9. *The hydraulic radius is equal to

a) area divided by the square of the wetted perimeter

b) wetted area divided by the wetted perimeter

c) the wetted perimeter divided by the area

d) the square root of the area

10 / 50

10. Rotation is defined as the movement of a fluid element in such a way that both of its axes rotate in...

a) the same direction

b) different directions

c) both of the above

d) none of the above

11 / 50

11. If the fluid particles move in a zig-zag way, the flow is called

a) unsteady

b) non-uniform

c) turbulent

d) incompressible

12 / 50

12. The error 1% in measuring H will produce a

a) 1%

b) 1.5%

c) 2%

d) 2.5%

13 / 50

13. *If the volume of liquid weighing 3000 kg is 4 cubic meters, then the specific gravity is

a) 750 kg/m^3

b) 12000 kg/m^3

c) 1.33

d) 0.75

14 / 50

14. *In flow, the liquid particles may possess

a) potential energy

b) kinetic energy

c) pressure energy

d) all of the above

15 / 50

15. *An independent mass of a fluid does not possess

a) elevation energy

b) kinetic energy

c) pressure energy

d) none of the above

16 / 50

16. In an open channel flow

a) the hydraulic gradient line is lower than the liquid surface

b) the hydraulic gradient line coincides with the liquid surface

c) the hydraulic gradient line is higher than the liquid surface

d) none of the above

17 / 50

17. *Back water curve is caused if there is a

a) friction head loss is more than the bed slope

b) obstruction due to weir in the channel

c) there is an increase in width of the channel

d) none of the above

18 / 50

18. At the vena contracta, the jet has the minimum cross-sectional area, and so the velocity of the liquid at this section will be

a) minimum

b) maximum

c) average

d) critical

19 / 50

19. *Differential manometers are used to measure

a) pressure in water channels

b) difference in pressure at two points

c) atmospheric pressure

d) very low pressure

20 / 50

20. A substance which deforms continuously under the action of shear stress is called

a) fluid

b) liquid

c) solid

d) gas

21 / 50

21. When the fluid is at rest, the shear stress is

a) maximum

b) zero

c) unpredictable

d) none of the above

22 / 50

22. *Viscosity of a liquid

a) drops with temperature

b) rises with temperature

c) does not vary with temperature

d) remains constant up to a certain temperature

23 / 50

23. *The difference between the total energy gradient line and the total energy line is

a) kinetic head

b) pressure head

c) datum head

d) loss of head

24 / 50

24. *Losses are more in

a) laminar flow

b) critical flow

c) turbulent flow

d) transition flow

25 / 50

25. Head loss due to friction in a pipe is given by the Darcy-Weisbach equation

a) h_f = 4fLV^2/2gd

b) h_f = fLV^2/2gd

c) h_f = 0.5V^2 / 2g

d) h_f = (v_1-v_2)^2 / 2g

26 / 50

26. If the fluid particles move in straight lines and all the lines are parallel to the surface, the flow is called

a) steady

b) uniform

c) compressible

d) laminar

27 / 50

27. *Cipolleti weir is a

a) rectangular weir whose length is kept 3 times the height of the water above the sill

b) triangular weir, whose notch angle is 90°

c) trapezoidal weir, whose sides slope 1 horizontal to 4 verticals

d) a combination of rectangular and triangular weirs

28 / 50

28. The ratio of the percentage error in the discharge and the percentage error in the measurement of head over a rectangular notch is

a) 1/2

b) 2/3

c) 3/2

d) 3/4

29 / 50

29. Discharge over an ogee weir remains the same as that of

a) sharp-crested weir

b) triangular weir

c) Cipolleti weir

d) drowned weir

30 / 50

30. Velocity of flow may be determined using:

a) division of discharge to the area of flow

b) product of area and discharge divided by 100

c) product of wetted perimeter and hydraulic radius

d) all of the above

31 / 50

31. The Manning's formula for flow in an open channel is given by

a) v = n R^2/3 S^1/2

b) none of the above

c) v = 1/n R^2/3 S^1/2

d) v = 1/n R^1/2 S^2/3

32 / 50

32. "Manning's formula is used for

a) flow in open channels

b) head loss due to friction in open channels

c) head loss due to friction in pipes flowing full

d) flow in pipes

33 / 50

33. *The term v^2/2g is known as

a) kinetic energy

b) pressure energy

c) kinetic energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

34 / 50

34. *Head loss increases with

a) an increase in velocity

b) a decrease in velocity

c) a decrease in length of the pipe

d) an increase in the diameter of the pipe

35 / 50

35. The line joining the points to which the liquid rises in vertical piezometer tubes fitted at different cross-sections of a conduit is known as

a) hydraulic gradient

b) piezometric line

c) pressure grade line

d) all of the above

36 / 50

36. *Surface float is used to measure

a) pressure

b) difference in pressure

c) viscosity of flow

d) none of the above

37 / 50

37. Poise is the unit of

a) mass density

b) kinematic viscosity

c) viscosity

d) pressure gradient

38 / 50

38. *The discharge through a trapezoidal channel is maximum when

a) half of the width = sloping side

b) top width = 1/2 sloping side

c) top width = 1.5 sloping side

d) none of the above

39 / 50

39. *The magnitude of water hammer depends upon

a) the length of the pipeline

b) elastic properties of liquid

c) elastic properties of the pipe material

d) diameter of the pipeline

40 / 50

40. The upward water pressure at the base of the structure is called

a) up

b) down

c) uplist

d) downlift

41 / 50

41. *Orifice-meter is used to measure:

a) pressure at the point

b) discharge

c) average speed

d) velocity

42 / 50

42. A triangular notch is preferred to a rectangular notch because

a) only one reading is required

b) its formula is simple to remember

c) it gives more accurate results for low discharge (Q≤100m^3/sec)

d) it measures a wide range of flows accurately

43 / 50

43. *Cavitations is caused by

a) low pressure

b) high pressure

c) low velocity

d) high velocity

44 / 50

44. *Pressure head is given by

a) P/w

b) z

c) v/2g

d) all

45 / 50

45. *The rise of the water table, which takes place due to the transformation of the unstable shooting flow (super-critical) to the stable streaming is called

a) hydraulic jump

b) standing wave

c) both (a) and (b) above

d) water cushion

46 / 50

46. *Pressure within a soap bubble is

a) equal to vapor pressure

b) less than external pressure

c) more than external pressure

d) equal to external pressure

47 / 50

47. Mouthpieces are used to measure

a) velocity

b) pressure

c) head

d) rate of flow

48 / 50

48. The discharge through a V-notch weir is directly proportional to:

a) the bed slope of the channel upstream

b) the depth of flow

c) the top width of the notch

d) the angle of the notch and the depth of the flow

49 / 50

49. A siphon is an

a) L-shaped pipe

b) U-shaped pipe

c) inverted U-shaped pipe

d) all of the above

50 / 50

50. Super-critical flow occurs in

a) normal slope

b) mild slope

c) steep slope

d) all of the above

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