Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Total Questions: 50
Time Allotted: 50 minutes
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1 / 50

1. Specific weight of liquid

a) remains constant at every place

b) does not remain constant at every place

c) varies from place to place

d) does not vary on any other planet except earth

2 / 50

2. Poise is the unit of

a) mass density

b) kinematic viscosity

c) viscosity

d) pressure gradient

3 / 50

3. *The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to a slowly flowing stream, causing a distinct rise of the liquid surface, is

a) water hammer

b) hydraulic jump

c) critical discharge

d) all of the above

4 / 50

4. *The specific weight of water 1000 kg/m^3

a) at normal pressure of 760 mm

b) at 4°C temperature

c) at mean sea level

d) all of the above

5 / 50

5. *Hydraulic gradient is equal to

a) difference in water surface / total length of the channel

b) total loss due to friction / total length of the channel

c) wetted perimeter / total length of the channel

d) area of cross-section / total length of the channel

6 / 50

6. Hydraulic gradient line for an open flow channel is

a) below water level

b) same as water level

c) above water level

d) all of the above

7 / 50

7. A triangular notch is preferred to a rectangular notch because

a) only one reading is required

b) its formula is simple to remember

c) it gives more accurate results for low discharge (Q≤100m^3/sec)

d) it measures a wide range of flows accurately

8 / 50

8. *Cavitations is caused by

a) low pressure

b) high pressure

c) low velocity

d) high velocity

9 / 50

9. *Capillary rise is proportional to

a) surface tension

b) unit weight of water

c) diameter of the pipe

d) none of the above

10 / 50

10. *An ideal flow of a liquid obeys

a) continuity equation

b) Newton's second law of viscosity

c) Newton's second law of motion

d) dynamic viscosity

11 / 50

11. Which of the following quantities are dimensionless?

a) surface tension

b) specific weight

c) angular velocity

d) Mach number

12 / 50

12. *If a pitot tube is placed with its nose facing sideways, the liquid

a) rises in the tube

b) falls in the tube

c) neither rises nor falls in the tube

d) all of the above

13 / 50

13. If the density of a fluid is constant from point to point in a flow region, it is called

a) steady flow

b) incompressible flow

c) uniform flow

d) rotational flow

14 / 50

14. *The hydraulic ram is a device

a) for lifting water without an electric motor

b) for accelerating water flow

c) for lifting heavy loads

d) none of the above

15 / 50

15. *The magnitude of water hammer depends upon

a) the length of the pipeline

b) elastic properties of liquid

c) elastic properties of the pipe material

d) diameter of the pipeline

16 / 50

16. Liquids or fluids

a) have no shape

b) cannot be compressed

c) both (a) and (b) of above

d) none of the above

17 / 50

17. *If a pitot tube is placed with its nose facing downstream, the liquid

a) does not rise in the tube

b) rises in the tube to a height √v^2/sg

c) falls in the tube to a depth √v^2/2g

d) none of the above

18 / 50

18. *The discharge through a rectangular channel is maximum when

a) m = d/2

b) d=b/2

c) m=2d

d) both (a) and (b) above

19 / 50

19. *The main assumption of Bernoulli's equation is

a) the velocity of energy of liquid particles across any cross-section of a pipe is uniform

b) no external force except gravity acts on the liquid

c) there is no loss of energy of the liquid while flowing

d) all of the above

20 / 50

20. The ratio of the inertia and gravitational force acting in any flow, ignoring other forces, is called

a) Euler number

b) Froude number

c) Reynolds number

d) Weber number

21 / 50

21. Chazy's formula is used to determine

a) head loss due to friction in pipes

b) velocity of flow in pipe

c) velocity of flow in channels

d) none of the above

22 / 50

22. Flow in pipes is turbulent if the Reynolds number is

a) less than 2100

b) more than 3000

c) between 2100 and 3000

d) none of the above

23 / 50

23. "Maximum efficiency of power transmission through a pipe is

a) 50%

b) 60%

c) 66%

d) 76%

24 / 50

24. If H is the height of the liquid above the sill, the effect of end contraction on each side, according to Francis' formula, is

a) 0.1H

b) 0.2H

c) 0.3H

d) 0.4H

25 / 50

25. *Bernoulli's theorem deals with the law of conservation of

a) energy

b) all of the above

c) mass

d) momentum

26 / 50

26. A steady uniform flow is through a

a) long pipe at decreasing rate

b) long pipe at constant rate

c) long pipe at increasing rate

d) none of the above

27 / 50

27. *To measure very low pressure, we use:

a) barometers

b) piezometers

c) monometers

d) differential manometers

28 / 50

28. *Water cushion is used to

a) sit in the house

b) destroy the energy

c) produce energy

d) none of the above

29 / 50

29. *Piezometers are used to measure

a) pressure in water channels, pipes, etc.

b) difference in pressure at two points

c) atmospheric pressure

d) very low pressure

30 / 50

30. *If the velocity, pressure, density, etc., change at a point with respect to time, the flow is called

a) uniform

b) compressible

c) unsteady

d) incompressible

31 / 50

31. For a circular channel, the wetted perimeter is given by (where θ=half the angle subtended by the water at the center and R= radius of circular channel)

a) 2Rθ

b) 3Rθ

c) 4Rθ

d) all of the above

32 / 50

32. The term P/pg is known as

a) kinetic energy

b) pressure energy per unit weight

c) kinetic energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

33 / 50

33. One horsepower is equal to

a) 1 kW

b) 0.746 kW

c) 0.836 kW

d) 0.756 kW

34 / 50

34. *A flow is said to be laminar when

a) the fluid particles move in a zig-zag way

b) the Reynolds number is high

c) the fluid particles move in layers parallel to the boundary

d) none of the above

35 / 50

35. If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of channels is made by comparing

a) Reynold number

b) Froude number

c) Weber number

d) Mach number

36 / 50

36. Cavitations in flowing fluid occurs when

a) the total energy suddenly increases

b) the total energy suddenly decreases

c) the total energy is constant

d) none of the above

37 / 50

37. *The upper surface of the weir over which water flows is known as

a) crest

b) notch

c) top level

d) none of the above

38 / 50

38. *The pressure in pipe flow is normally

a) less than atmospheric pressure

b) equal to atmospheric pressure

c) more than atmospheric pressure

d) none of the above

39 / 50

39. The ratio of the percentage error in the discharge and the percentage error in the measurement of head over a triangular notch is

a) 2/3

b) 3/2

c) 2/5

d) 5/2

40 / 50

40. Falling drops of water become spheres due to

a) adhesion

b) cohesion

c) surface tension

d) viscosity

41 / 50

41. The error 1% in measuring H will produce a

a) 1%

b) 1.5%

c) 2%

d) 2.5%

42 / 50

42. At the vena contracta, the jet has the minimum cross-sectional area, and so the velocity of the liquid at this section will be

a) minimum

b) maximum

c) average

d) critical

43 / 50

43. In an open channels the analysis of a sugar is done by using

a) continuity equation

b) momentum equation

c) energy equation

d) none of the above

44 / 50

44. *The notch angle for the maximum discharge over a triangular notch is

a) 30°

b) 60°

c) 90°

d) 120°

45 / 50

45. *If the velocity in a fluid flow does not change with respect to the length of the direction of flow, it is called

a) steady flow

b) uniform flow

c) incompressible flow

d) rotational flow

46 / 50

46. Crest of a weir is lower than d/s water level

a) submerged weir

b) Cipolletti weir

c) triangular weir

d) sharp-crested weir

47 / 50

47. With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge is

a) 6% to 7%

b) 8% to 10%

c) 12% to 15%

d) 25% to 30%

48 / 50

48. *The total pressure force on a plane area is equal to the area multiplied by the intensity of pressure at its centroid if

a) the area is horizontal

b) the area is vertical

c) the area is inclined

d) all of the above

49 / 50

49. *Back water curve is caused if there is a

a) friction head loss is more than the bed slope

b) obstruction due to weir in the channel

c) there is an increase in width of the channel

d) none of the above

50 / 50

50. *Uniform flow is said to occur when

a) the size and shape of the cross-section in a particular length remain constant

b) the size and shape of the cross-section change along a length

c) the frictional loss in the particular length of the channel will be more than the drop in elevation

d) the frictional loss in the particular length of the channel will be less than the drop in elevation

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