Hydraulics Online Test - Paper 3

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Vikash chaudhary

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Total Questions: 50
Time Allotted: 50 minutes
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1 / 50

1. The continuity equation

a) expresses the relationship between work and energy

b) relates the momentum per unit volume between two points on a stream line

c) relates the mass rate of flow along a stream line

d) requires that Newton's second law of motion be satisfied at every point in the fluid.

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2. *The orifice used for low discharge is

a) rectangular

b) circular

c) square

d) triangular

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3. *The term v^2/2g is known as

a) kinetic energy

b) pressure energy

c) kinetic energy per unit weight

d) none of the above

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4. For the same specific force, the two depths at which the same discharge occurs are called

a) alternate depths

b) conjugate depths

c) critical depths

d) normal depths

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5. The difference in pressure head measured by a mercury-oil differential manometer for a 20 cm difference of mercury level will be (specific gravity of oil-0.8)

a) 2.72m of oil

b) 2.52m of oil

c) 3.20m of oil

d) 0.2m of oil

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6. Specific weight of sea water is more than that of pure water because of

a) dissolved air

b) dissolved salts

c) suspended matter

d) all of the above

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7. *If a pitot tube is placed with its nose facing downstream, the liquid

a) does not rise in the tube

b) rises in the tube to a height √v^2/sg

c) falls in the tube to a depth √v^2/2g

d) none of the above

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8. *The main assumption of Bernoulli's equation is

a) the velocity of energy of liquid particles across any cross-section of a pipe is uniform

b) no external force except gravity acts on the liquid

c) there is no loss of energy of the liquid while flowing

d) all of the above

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9. The thickness of a sharp-crested weir is kept less than

a) one-third of the height of water on the sill

b) one-half of the height of water on the sill

c) two-thirds of the height of water on the sill

d) four-thirds of the height of water on the sill

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10. From a nozzle exposed to the atmosphere, the liquid jet traverses

a) a straight line

b) a circular path

c) a parabolic path

d) an elliptical path

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11. *The difference between the total energy line and the hydraulic gradient line is

a) kinetic head

b) pressure head

c) datum head

d) loss of head

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12. *The types of instrument used to measure low pressure with accuracy is

a) piezometer

b) barometer

c) micro manometer

d) mechanical gauge

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13. *The most economical section of a circular channel for the maximum velocity is when

a) depth of water = 0.810 diameter

b) hydraulic mean depth = 0.304 diameter of the circular section

c) wetted perimeter = 2.245 diameters of the circular section

d) all of the above

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14. *The upper surface of the notch over which water flows is known as

a) vein

b) nappe

c) sill

d) none of the above

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15. The most efficient channel section is

a) semi-circular

b) rectangular

c) triangular

d) trapezoidal

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16. The ratio of the mean velocity to the surface velocity in open channels is equal to

a) 0.55

b) 0.75

c) 0.88

d) 1.75

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17. Falling drops of water become spheres due to

a) adhesion

b) cohesion

c) surface tension

d) viscosity

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18. *The actual velocity through an orifice is........... than the theoretical velocity.

a) more

b) less

c) equal

d) not defined

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19. *Back water curve is caused if there is a

a) friction head loss is more than the bed slope

b) obstruction due to weir in the channel

c) there is an increase in width of the channel

d) none of the above

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20. The Manning's formula for flow in an open channel is given by

a) v = n R^2/3 S^1/2

b) none of the above

c) v = 1/n R^2/3 S^1/2

d) v = 1/n R^1/2 S^2/3

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21. With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge is

a) 6% to 7%

b) 8% to 10%

c) 12% to 15%

d) 25% to 30%

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22. *Hydraulic gradient line (except siphon)

a) remains above the centerline of the conduit

b) remains below the centerline of the conduit

c) remains parallel to the centerline of the conduit

d) may be above or below the centerline of the conduit

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23. *Piezometers are used to measure

a) pressure in water channels, pipes, etc.

b) difference in pressure at two points

c) atmospheric pressure

d) very low pressure

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24. *Head loss increases with

a) an increase in velocity

b) a decrease in velocity

c) a decrease in length of the pipe

d) an increase in the diameter of the pipe

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25. The basic head loss in a long pipe is:

a) fittings

b) sudden increase in diameter

c) sudden decrease in diameter

d) friction

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26. Rotation is defined as the movement of a fluid element in such a way that both of its axes rotate in...

a) the same direction

b) different directions

c) both of the above

d) none of the above

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27. Mach number is the ratio of inertia force to

a) viscosity

b) Froude number

c) gravitational force

d) elasticity

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28. *The hydraulic radius is equal to

a) area divided by the square of the wetted perimeter

b) wetted area divided by the wetted perimeter

c) the wetted perimeter divided by the area

d) the square root of the area

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29. *The rate of flow through a V-notch varies as:

a) H

b) H1/2

c) H3/2

d) H5/2

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30. At the vena contracta, the jet has the minimum cross-sectional area, and so the velocity of the liquid at this section will be

a) minimum

b) maximum

c) average

d) critical

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31. Mass density of liquid (p) is given by

a) p = mass/volume

b) p = metric slug/m^2

c) p = kgsec^3/m^4

d) all of the above

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32. *Capillarity of water is

a) directly proportional to surface tension

b) inversely proportional to the angle of contact

c) inversely proportional to the diameter of the pipe

d) all of the above

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33. In fluids, steady flow occurs when

a) the condition of flow change steadily with time

b) the condition of flow do not change with time

c) the condition of flow remains the same at adjacent points

d) the velocity vector remains constant at a point

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34. *Venturimeter is used to measure

a) rate of flow

b) velocity

c) depth of flow

d) all of the above

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35. *The notch angle for the maximum discharge over a triangular notch is

a) 30°

b) 60°

c) 90°

d) 120°

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36. When the water level on the downstream side of a weir is above the top surface of a weir, the weir is known as:

a) submerged weir

b) narrow-crested weir

c) broad-crested weir

d) ogee weir

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37. *The upper surface of the weir over which water flows is known as:

a) vein

b) nappe

c) sill

d) none of the above

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38. If H is the height of the liquid above the sill, the effect of end contraction on each side, according to Francis' formula, is

a) 0.1H

b) 0.2H

c) 0.3H

d) 0.4H

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39. If the pressure is applied to the surface of a liquid, the liquid transmits the pressure equally in all directions is given by

a) Pascal

b) Newton

c) Archimedes

d) all of the above

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40. Open channel flow is

a) one in which the liquid is flowing in a conduit and has a free surface

b) one in which the liquid is flowing in a closed conduit running full

c) a covered channel running full

d) one in which the liquid is flowing in a conduit under pressure

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41. Weber number is the ratio of inertia force to

a) surface tension

b) gravitational force

c) elasticity

d) viscosity

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42. *The discharge through a trapezoidal channel is maximum when

a) half of the width = sloping side

b) top width = 1/2 sloping side

c) top width = 1.5 sloping side

d) none of the above

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43. *The flow in which the path of individual particles of liquid cross each other is called

a) uniform flow

b) turbulent flow

c) stream line flow

d) none of the above

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44. *The floating method is used for the measurement of

a) discharge

b) head

c) pressure

d) none of the above

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45. The total energy of a liquid in motion is equal to:

a) pressure energy + kinetic energy + potential energy

b) pressure energy - (kinetic energy + potential energy)

c) potential energy - (pressure energy + kinetic energy)

d) kinetic energy - (pressure energy + potential energy)

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46. *Variation in volume of liquid with variation in pressure is called

a) plasticity

b) viscosity

c) compressibility

d) none of the above

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47. *Hydraulic gradient is equal to

a) difference in water surface / total length of the channel

b) total loss due to friction / total length of the channel

c) wetted perimeter / total length of the channel

d) area of cross-section / total length of the channel

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48. *The magnitude of capillary rise is more in:

a) silts

b) sands

c) clays

d) gravels

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49. The hydrostatic force exerted by 2 m deep water on the gate downstream is equal to

a) 40 kN

b) 10 kN

c) 20 kN

d) 30 kN

50 / 50

50. In the case of leveling by a level pipe, the level is indicated by

a) upper face

b) middle face

c) lower face

d) all of the above

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Hydraulics Online Test – Paper 3

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